Solitary mastocytoma
| Solitary mastocytoma | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Cutaneous mastocytoma |
 | |
| Solitary mastocytoma. | |
| Specialty | Dermatology, oncology  |
Solitary mastocytoma, also known as cutaneous mastocytoma, may be present at birth or may develop during the first weeks of life, originating as a brown macule that urticates on stroking.[1]: 615 Solitary mastocytoma is a round, erythematous, indurated lesion measuring 1-5 cm in diameter. It can be mildly itchy or asymptomatic and develops over time. Predilection is the head and neck, followed by the trunk, extremities, and flexural areas.
Signs and symptoms[edit]
Solitary mastocytoma usually presents as an indurated, erythematous, round or oval, yellow-brown or reddish-brown, papule, plaque, or nodule, typically measuring 1 to 5 cm in diameter.[2] The lesion frequently has a leathery or rubbery nature and a peau d'orange (pebbly, orange peel-like) appearance.[3] The margins of the lesions may be sharp or vague.[4] The degree of pruritus varies; a lesion may be mildly itchy or asymptomatic.[5] It normally develops larger for a few months, then for a variable amount of time grows in accordance to the patients size before gradually shrinking.[3] The head and neck are the sites of predilection, followed by the trunk, extremities, and flexural areas.[6] Usually, the soles and palms are unaffected.[7]
The lesion may urticate on its own initiative or, more frequently, in response to being stroked or rubbed. The lesion becomes itchy, erythematous, or edematous when touched or rubbed; this reaction is known as the Darier sign.[3][8] The phenomenon is regarded as pathognomonic since it is brought on by the release of mast cell mediators in response to physical stimulus.[9] The diagnosis of mastocytosis is not ruled out in the absence of a positive Darier sign because it is evoked in only around 50% and 90% of patients with solitary mastocytoma and other kinds of cutaneous mastocytosis, respectively.[10][11] Certain lesions may erupt in painful blisters.[4][12]
Patients with solitary cutaneous mastocytosis may also experience systemic symptoms, however they are far more common in those with systemic mastocytosis. These symptoms include flushing, dyspnea, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and headaches.[8][13]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ Leung, Alexander K. C.; Lam, Joseph M.; Leong, Kin Fon (2019-04-05). "Childhood Solitary Cutaneous Mastocytoma: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management". Current Pediatric Reviews. 15 (1). Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.: 42–46. doi:10.2174/1573396315666181120163952. ISSN 1573-3963.
- ^ a b c Gori, Abdulla; Torneria, Carlos; Kelly, Victoria M.; Zlotoff, Barrett J.; Contreras, Michael E. (2009-07-01). "Visual Diagnosis". Pediatrics In Review. 30 (7). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP): 280–283. doi:10.1542/pir.30.7.280. ISSN 0191-9601.
- ^ a b Hartmann, Karin; Escribano, Luis; Grattan, Clive; Brockow, Knut; Carter, Melody C.; Alvarez-Twose, Ivan; Matito, Almudena; Broesby-Olsen, Sigurd; Siebenhaar, Frank; Lange, Magdalena; Niedoszytko, Marek; Castells, Mariana; Oude Elberink, Joanna N.G.; Bonadonna, Patrizia; Zanotti, Roberta; Hornick, Jason L.; Torrelo, Antonio; Grabbe, Jürgen; Rabenhorst, Anja; Nedoszytko, Boguslaw; Butterfield, Joseph H.; Gotlib, Jason; Reiter, Andreas; Radia, Deepti; Hermine, Olivier; Sotlar, Karl; George, Tracy I.; Kristensen, Thomas K.; Kluin-Nelemans, Hanneke C.; Yavuz, Selim; Hägglund, Hans; Sperr, Wolfgang R.; Schwartz, Lawrence B.; Triggiani, Massimo; Maurer, Marcus; Nilsson, Gunnar; Horny, Hans-Peter; Arock, Michel; Orfao, Alberto; Metcalfe, Dean D.; Akin, Cem; Valent, Peter (2016). "Cutaneous manifestations in patients with mastocytosis: Consensus report of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis; the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology; and the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 137 (1). Elsevier BV: 35–45. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.08.034. ISSN 0091-6749.
- ^ Puri, Poonam; Singh, Avninder; Ramesh, V; Gopal, Dhruv (2014). "Asymptomatic solitary cutaneous mastocytoma: A rare presentation". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 59 (6). Medknow: 634. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.143588. ISSN 0019-5154.
- ^ Briley, Laura D.; Phillips, Charles M. (2008). "Cutaneous Mastocytosis: A Review Focusing on the Pediatric Population". Clinical Pediatrics. 47 (8). SAGE Publications: 757–761. doi:10.1177/0009922808318344. ISSN 0009-9228.
- ^ Janakiramanan, N.; Chambers, D.; Dowling, G.J. (2010). "A rare presentation of solitary mastocytoma in the palm of an infant". Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. 63 (2). Elsevier BV: e197–e198. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2009.02.061. ISSN 1748-6815.
- ^ a b Bulat, Vedrana; Mihić, Liborija Lugović; Situm, Mirna; Buljan, Marija; Blajić, Iva; Pusić, Jana (2009). "Most common clinical presentations of cutaneous mastocytosis". Acta Clinica Croatica. 48 (1): 59–64. ISSN 0353-9466. PMID 19623875.
- ^ De Giorgi, Vincenzo; Fabroni, Caterina; Alfaioli, Barbara; Massi, Daniela; Maio, Vincenza; Sestini, Serena; Papi, Federica; Gori, Alessia; Lotti, Torello (2008-11-25). "Solitary mastocytoma: tooth eruption as triggering factor". International Journal of Dermatology. 47 (12). Wiley: 1274–1277. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03841.x. ISSN 0011-9059.
- ^ Krishnan, Karthik R.; Ownby, Dennis R. (2010-11-01). "A solitary mastocytoma presenting with urticaria and angioedema in a 14-year-old boy". Allergy and Asthma Proceedings. 31 (6). Oceanside Publications Inc.: 520–523. doi:10.2500/aap.2010.31.3368. ISSN 1088-5412.
- ^ Conrad, Heather; Gausche-Hill, Marianne; Burbulys, David (2007). "A 6-Month Old With Total Body Flushing and a Macular-Papular Lesion". Pediatric Emergency Care. 23 (5). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 321–323. doi:10.1097/01.pec.0000270165.85862.12. ISSN 0749-5161.
- ^ Singal, A; Aggarwal, S; Pandhi, D (2008). "Adult onset, hypopigmented solitary mastocytoma: Report of two cases". Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. 74 (1). Scientific Scholar: 41. doi:10.4103/0378-6323.38407. ISSN 0378-6323.
- ^ Exposito‐Serrano, Vicente; Agut‐Busquet, Eugenia; Leal Canosa, Lorena; Herrerías Moreno, Jose; Saez, Amparo; Luelmo, Jesús (2017-12-11). "Pleomorphic mastocytoma in an adult". Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 45 (2). Wiley: 176–179. doi:10.1111/cup.13080. ISSN 0303-6987.