Jatwan
Jatwan was a subordinate of Prithviraj Chauhan who rebelled against Qutb ud-Din Aibak of the Delhi Sultanate in 1192 CE.[1][2]
Henry Elliot thought Jatwan to be a leader of Jats, a claim repeated by Haig[3] and Kalika Ranjan Qanungo[4] but this quibble or supposition has not found much favour.[5] A.B.M. Habibullah in his "Foundation of Muslim rule in India" asserts that the word Jatwan is possibly meant of Chauhana.[6]
According to Professor Hodivala who critically examined Elliot's work, the name Jatwan is actually mistranscription of word Chahwan i.e. Chauhan (both word being similar in Persian). Hence the unnamed person who led the rebellion was not Jatwan but Chauhan, a member of the same tribe to which Prithviraj Chauhan belonged.[7]
Historian Dasharatha Sharma in his book "Early Chauhan Dynasties" agrees with the view of Prof Hodivala that Jatwan is mistranscription of the word Chauhan and rebellion was led by a Chauhan chief.[8]
Rebellion against Qutb-ud-din Aibak[edit]
Jatwan besieged the Muslim commander Nasrat Uddin at Hansi in 1192 CE, shortly after the defeat of Prithviraj.[4] On receiving this news Qutb-ud-din marched twelve farsakhs, i.e., about 40 miles during one night. Jatwan raised the siege of Hansi and prepared for an obstinate conflict. "The armies attacked each other" says the author of Taj-ul-Maasir "like two hills of steel, and the field of battle (on the borders of the Bager country) became tulip-dyed with the blood of warriors. Jatwan had his standards of God-plurality and ensigns of perdition lowered by the hand of power".[9]
References[edit]
- ^ Srivastava, Ashok Kumar (1990). Disintegration of North Indian Hindu States, C. 1175-1320 A.D. Purvanchal Prakashan.
- ^ Srivastava, Ashok Kumar (1972). The Life and Times of Kutb-ud-din Aibak. Govind Satish Prakashan.
- ^ A.K. Majumdar 1956, pp. 143–144.
- ^ a b Qanungo, Kalika Ranjan (2017). History Of The Jats: A Contribution To The History Of Northern India. Gyan Books. ISBN 978-93-5128-513-7.
- ^ Hodivala, Shahpurshah Hormasji (1939). Studies In Indo - Muslim History. pp. 179–80.
- ^ A. B. M. Habibullah. The Foundation Of Muslim Rule In India. p. 60.
- ^ Hodivala, Shahpurshah Hormasji (1939). Studies In Indo - Muslim History. pp. 179–80.
- ^ Sharma, dasharatha (1959). Early Chauhan Dynasties. p. 100.
- ^ Said, Hakim Mohammad (1990). Road to Pakistan: 712-1858. Hamdard Foundation Pakistan. ISBN 978-969-412-140-6.
Bibliography[edit]
- A.K. Majumdar (1956). Chaulukyas of Gujarat. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. OCLC 4413150.
- R. B. Singh (1964). History of the Chāhamānas. N. Kishore. OCLC 11038728.
- Rima Hooja (2006). A History of Rajasthan. ISBN 9788129108906.
- S.H. Hodivala (1979). Studies in Indo-Muslim History: A Critical Commentary on Elliot and Dowson's History of India as Told by Its Own Historians. Islamic Book Service.