List of town tramway systems in Brazil

This is a list of town tramway systems in Brazil by Estado. It includes all tram systems, past and present.

Alagoas[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Maceió	Steam	1868-03-23	?	[1]
	Horse	1871-12-25	?	[2]
	electric	1914-June-12	1956 ca.	[3]
Penedo	Horse	1909-01-01	1936-12-31	[4]

Amazonas[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Manaus			Steam	1895 ca.	1898 ca.	[5], [6]
Manaus			electric	1899-Aug-01	1957-02-28	[7], [8] Operation suspended 1954 - 1956.

Bahia[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Alagoinhas	Horse	?	?
Cachoeira	Horse	1872-10-30	1921	[9]
Ilhéus	Horse	?	?
Nazaré	Horse	?	?
Nazaré	Steam	?	?
Salvador	Horse	1860	?	[10], [11]
	Steam	1869-May-12	?	[12], [13]
	electric	1897-03-14	1961-Sep	[14], [15], [16]
Santo Amaro	Horse	1874-01-01	1962	[17]

Ceará[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Fortaleza	Horse	1880-04-25 (or ca. 1875)	?	[18]
Fortaleza	electric	1913-Oct-09	1947-05-19	[19]
Sobral	Horse	1894	1918	[20]

Aracati - Horse traction (?). Morrison (1989, page 43) [21] states that an 1873 brochure issued by the Brazilian government mentions a tramway project in this town; it is not known whether the tramway was built.

Espírito Santo[edit]

Location	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Cachoeiro de Itapemirim		electric	1924-12-25	1938-June-04	[22]
Vila Velha	1000	electric	1912-Apr-12	1967-12-15	[23], [24] Connected Paul (ferry terminal for Vitória) and Vila Velha.
Vitória		Horse	1907-July-11	1913 by	[25], [26]
Vitória		electric	1911-07-21	1963-05-23	[27], [28]

Goiás[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Goiás			Horse	?	?

Maranhão[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Caxias	Horse	?	?
Dom Pedro	Horse	?	?
São Luís	Horse	1872 ca.	?	[29]
São Luís	electric	1924-09-15	1966-Dec	[30]
♦ Tirirical	electric	1978-10-26	1983	[31]

Mato Grosso[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Cuiabá			Mule	1891-04-30	1935	[32]
Cuiabá			electric	2014		[33]

Minas Gerais[edit]

Location	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Além Paraíba	1000	Mule	1895	1925 (?)	[34]
Além Paraíba	1000	electric	1925-11-15	1939-07-25	[35] Closed following an accident.
Belo Horizonte		Steam	1895-Sep-07	?	[36], [37]
		Horse	1899-02-16	?	[38], [39]
		electric	1902-Sep-02	1963-06-30	[40], [41]
Bom Sucesso	1000	electric	1930-09-21	1950 (?)	[42]
Campanha		Mule	1911	?	[43]
		Steam	1911 (?)	?	[44]
		Petrol (gasoline) (?)			[45]
		electric (?)			[46] see note.
Cataguases		Horse	1910-11-25 1915-Aug-10	1914 1918-03-24	[47]
Caxambu	750	Horse	1911	1925	[48]
Guarará		Mule	1895	1923	[49]
Juiz de Fora	1000	Horse	1889-Sep-07	?	[50]
Juiz de Fora	1000	electric	1906-June-06	1969-04-14	[51]
Lavras	1000	electric	1911-10-21	1967-Noc-08	[52]
Mar de Espanha		Horse (?)			[53] see note.
Nova Lima - Rapopos	660	electric	1913-Apr-03	1970 ca.	[54]
Ouro Preto		Mule	1888-Dec-01	1891 ca.	[55]
Pedro Leopoldo	1000	Mule	1907	1930	[56]
Sacramento - Cipó	1000	electric	1913-11-15	1937-Oct	[57]
São Lourenço		Horse	1905	1932	[58]
Telófilo Otoni		Horse	1918-Sep	1938-May	[59]
Ubá		Mule	1895	1922	[60]

Note for Campanha: Morrison (1989, page 87) [61] describes conflicting information on whether the tramway was electrified, and when it closed.
Note for Mar de Espanha: Morrison (1989, page 79) [62] states that one source (dated 1889) mentions a tramway in this town, but no other information could be located.

Pará[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Belém	Steam	1869-Sep-01	?	[63], [64]
	Mule	1870	1908-07-21	[65], [66]
	electric	1907-08-15	1947-04-27	[67], [68] Heritage tramway opened 18 August 2005 [69].
Mosqueiro	Horse	1913 ca. (?)	?	[70]
San Antônio do Prata	Horse	1907	1914	[71] Replaced by railway branch line.

Paraíba[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Itabaiana	Horse	1914	1929	[72]
João Pessoa	Horse	1896-June-06	?	[73]
	Steam	1906-10-21	1919	[74]
	Petrol (gasoline)	1911-02-15	1919	[75]
	electric	1914-02-19	1958	[76]

Paraná[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Curitiba	Mule	1887-Nov-08	1913	[77], [78]
Curitiba	electric	1913-Jan-07	1952-Jun	[79], [80]
Paranaguá	Steam	1893-Dec-07	1938	[81]
	Mule	?	1938	[82]
	Petrol (gasoline)	?	1938	[83]

Pernambuco[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Afogados da Ingazeira	Horse	1895	1914 ca.	[84]
Arcoverde	Horse	?	?	[85] See Carpina (below).
Carpina	Horse	?	?	[86] Morrison (1989, page 55) cites a Recife historian who states that this town had a tramway.
Caruaru	Horse	?	?	[87] See Carpina (above).
Limoeiro	Horse	?	?	[88]
Limoeiro	Petrol (gasoline)	?	1952	[89]
Palmares	Horse	?	?	[90] See Carpina (above).
Pesqueira	Horse	191_	193_	[91]
Recife	Steam	1867-Jan-05	1922	[92], [93]
	Mule	1871-09-22	?	[94], [95]
	electric	1914-05-13	1954-Mar	[96], [97] Service (one daily return trip, worked by a single car) resumed because of court action by the local authority, and continued to 1960.
Timbaúba	Horse	1915-10-10	193_	[98]
Triunfo	Horse	?	?	[99] See Carpina (above).

Garanhuns - Diesel traction [100]. Test operations conducted with a former Recife tramcar, equipped with a diesel engine, in 1968 over a (then recently closed) railway branch. The engine, overloaded by large numbers of passengers seeking to ride on opening day, failed. Public service was not attempted thereafter.
Goiana - Horse traction (?). Morrison (1989, page 55) [101] states that an 1873 brochure issued by the Brazilian government mentions a tramway project in this town; it is not known whether the tramway was built.

Piauí[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Parnaíba			Horse	?	?
Teresina			Horse	?	?	[102]

Rio de Janeiro[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Barra do Piraí			Mule	?	?
Campos (dos Goytacazes)		1000	Mule	1875-09-19	1916	^[1]
		1000	electric	1916-10-14 1923	1918-09-15 1964-11-15	^[1]
			Petrol (gasoline)	1918	1923	^[1]
Macaé		1000	Mule	1872-06-29	1932	^[1]
Magé			Horse	1873-Feb-04	1896-Nov-01	^[1] Temporary operation on planned railway route.
Manuel Duarte			Horse	1883	1911	^[1] Connected Paraibuna and Manuel Duarte. Replaced by railway line.
Mendes			Mule	1889	1912 ca.	^[1] See note.
Nova Friburgo		1100	Mule	1883	1933	^[1]
Petrópolis		1000	electric	1912-12-13	1939-07-15	^[1]
Riberão das Lajes			Petrol (gasoline)	1906	1935	^[1] Operated over former dam-construction railway from Nicanor Pereira.
(São Sebastião do) Rio de Janeiro	VLT (Rio de Janeiro)		Horse	1859-01-31 1868-Oct-09	1862-Sep 1910-03-26	^[2]
			Steam	1862-Sep 1882	1866-11-28 ?	^[2]
			electric	1892-Oct-08	1967-12-21	^[2]
		1435	electric	2016-Jun-06
♦ Madureira			Horse	1911-09-28	1928	^[2]
♦ Madureira			electric	1928-Oct-12	?	^[2]
♦ Santa Teresa	Santa Teresa Tram		Horse	1875-05-25	1897-Jun	,^[2] http://www.tramz.com/br/rj/st/st.html , [103]
♦ Santa Teresa	Santa Teresa Tram	1100	electric	1896-Sep-01		^[2]
♦ Campo Grande			electric	1917-05-17	1967-10-31	^[1]
♦ Ilha do Governador			electric	1922-Oct-04	1965-Apr-10	^[2]
♦ Santa Cruz		820	Horse	1880	1911	^[1]
♦ Niterói			Horse	1871-Oct-09	1908-08-15	^[1]
			Accumulator (storage battery)	1883-Oct-07	1885-Feb (after)	^[1]
			electric	1906-10-31	1964-07-31	^[1]
♦♦ São Gonçalo			Steam	1899-Aug-05	1917-Feb	^[1] Connected Niterói (Neves) and Alcântara.
			Petrol (gasoline)	1917-02-15	1925-Jul	^[1] Connected Niterói (Neves) and Alcântara.
			electric	1910-08-25	1964-07-31	^[1] Connected Niterói and Alcântara. See note.
Teresópolis			Horse	?	?
Vassouras			Mule	1883-July-11	1914	^[1]

Barra do Piraí - Peschkes (Part 1, 1980, page 45) lists a tramway (using animal traction) in this town. Morrison (1989, page 120) states that an 1888 government report describes three concessions for tramway construction, and a 1922 publication includes two photographs showing track and overhead wire in streets. However, he adds that a visit to the city "failed to produce any information about the existence of a passenger tramway."
Note for Mendes: Tramway extended from Humberto Antunes railway station. Electric traction (for goods) and petrol traction (for passengers), ca. 1912 - 1952. Unconnected line extended from Mendes railway station, horse traction, 1900 - 1932.
Note for Niterói: Niterói tramway undertaking extended to São Gonçalo from 25 August 1910 (electric traction). São Gonçalo tramway absorbed by Niterói undertaking from 1921.
Notes for Rio de Janeiro: Period of no tramway operation following closure of first line (to Tijuca, in 1866) and opening of the second line (to Largo do Machado) on 9 October 1868 (later extended to Jardim Botânico). Tijuca line reopened (by a new undertaking) on 19 January 1870. First tramway line in Zona Norte opened 29 November 1873.
- Experiments with accumulator (storage battery) traction on 2 July 1887 and 16 July 1887.
- Electric traction inaugurated in Zona Sul on 8 October 1892, and in Zona Norte on 1 July 1905. Last line in Zona Norte closed 21 May 1963. Only one line (in Zona Sul) remained in operation after 17 May 1965.
- Alto da Boa Vista line [104] retained as tourist line, but operation suspended because of storm damage 10 January 1966 – May 1966. Operation again suspended because of storm damage, 22 January 1967 – Mar 1967. Following a period of intermittent operation, the line was declared closed on 21 December 1967.
Note for Santa Cruz: Connected Santa Cruz and Itaguaí (1880 - 1907, replaced by railway branch), and Santa Cruz and Sepetiba (27 June 1884 - 1911).

Rio Grande do Norte[edit]

Location	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Macau	Horse	?	?
Mossoró	Horse	?	?
Mossoró	Steam	?	?
Natal	Horse	1908-Sep-07	?	[105]
Natal	electric	1911-Oct-02	1955-May	[106]

Rio Grande do Sul[edit]

Location	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Bagé		Horse (?)	?	?	[107]
Cassino		Horse (?)	?	?	[108]
Passo Fundo		Horse	?	?
Pelotas	1435	Horse	1873-09-09	1915 ca.	[109]
Pelotas	1435	electric	1915-10-20	1955-Apr	[110]
Porto Alegre		Mule	1864-Nov-01 1873-Jan-04	1872 1914	[111], [112]
Porto Alegre		electric	1908-Mar-10	1970-Mar-08	[113], [114]
Rio Grande	1000	Mule	1876-July-05	1912 ca.	[115]
Rio Grande	1000	electric	1911-11-15	1967-06-15	[116]
Santa Maria		Horse	?	?
São Leopoldo	1000	Horse	1914-11-29	1915	[117]
Uruguaiana		Horse (?)	?	?	[118]

Santa Catarina[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Florianópolis			Mule	1880-Nov-06 1909-June-05	1885 193_	[119]
Joinville			Mule	1911-01-29	1917-Apr-10	[120]

São Paulo[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	width=80px Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Campinas			electric	1912-06-24	1968-05-24	[121]
Campinas			electric	1972-Nov-05		Heritage tramway, (operates on Saturdays and Sundays, year round).
♦ Campinas - Joaquím Egido - Souzas - Cabras			Steam	1894	1917	[122]
♦ Campinas - Joaquím Egido - Souzas - Cabras			electric	1917-03-18	1960-02-10	[123]
♦ Joaquím Egido - Doutor Lacerda			Petrol (gasoline)	1919	1939-Oct-01	[124]
Campos do Jordão			Petrol (gasoline)	1914-11-15 1924-12-21	1916 1956	[125], [126], [127]
Campos do Jordão		1000	electric	1956		[128], [129], [130]
♦ Pindamonhangaba - Campos do Jordão			Petrol (gasoline)	1914-11-15	1916 ca.	[131], [132], [133] Goods trains worked by steam. Line not operated between ca. 1916 and 1924.
♦ Pindamonhangaba - Campos do Jordão			electric	1924-12-21		[134], [135], [136] Operation suspended 1982 - Oct 1986.
Guaratinguetá			Mule	1898	1920 ca.	[137]
Guaratinguetá			electric	1914-Mar-07	1957 ca.	[138] Line connected Guaratinguetá and Aparecida.
♦ Aparecida			Mule	1895	1913	[139]
♦ Aparecida			electric	1913-Dec-08	1957 ca.	[140]
Jundiaí		600	Mule	1893	1896	[141]
Jundiaí			(electric)			Morrison (1989, page 46) [142] states that an electric tramway project in 1914 was stopped because of the First World War.
Lorena			Mule	1886-10-18	1896	[143]
Piracicaba		1000	electric	1916-01-15	1969-Oct-03	[144]
Piraju		1000	electric	1915-Aug-01	1931 (or 2 August 1937)	Morrison (1989, page 159) [145], [146] describes conflicting information about the date of closure.
♦ Piraju - Sarutaiá			electric	1915-08-15	1931 (or 2 August 1937)	Morrison (1989, page 159) [147], [148] describes conflicting information about the date of closure.
Ribeirão Preto			(electric)			Peschkes (Part 1, 1980, page 46) states that the tramway was constructed, but not opened.
Santo André			Horse	?	?
Santos			Mule	1871-Oct-08	1912-May-03
			Electric	1909-04-28	1971-02-28
	Santos heritage tramway		Electric	10 June 1984	October 1986	First heritage tramway^[3]
	Santos heritage tramway		Electric	23 Sep 2000		Second heritage tramway^[4]
	Santos light rail [pt]		Electric	31 Jan 2016		Modern tramway/light rail^[5]
♦ São Vicente		1350	Mule	1875-10-24	1909	[149]
♦ São Vicente			electric	1909-04-28	?	[150] Operated as part of Santos system.
♦ Guarujá - Itapema			Steam	1893	1925	[151]
♦ Guarujá - Itapema		1000	electric	1925-Jan-11	1956-07-13	[152]
São Carlos			Horse	1895	1896	[153], [154] Tramway closed because of yellow fever epidemic.
São Carlos			electric	1914-12-27	1962-06-16	[155], [156]
São Paulo			Mule	1872-Oct-12	1907	[157]
			Steam	1886-03-14	1914	[158]^{[permanent dead link]}
			electric	1900-May-07	1968-03-27	[159]
♦ São Bernardo do Campo		1000	Petrol (gasoline)	1923-May-03	1930-Oct-05	[160] Tramway connected São Bernardo do Campo and São Caetano (do Sul).
♦ Tramway da Cantareira			Steam	?	1965-05-31	[161] See note.
Sorocaba		1000	electric	1915-12-30	1959-02-28	[162], [163]
♦ Sorocaba - Votorantim			electric	1922-Feb-04	1966	[164], [165] Public passenger service withdrawn 1966, non-public passenger service withdrawn 1977.
Taubaté		800	Mule	1879-05-27	1910 ca.	[166]
Taubaté		600	Steam	1880	1920	[167] Connected Taubaté and Tremembé.

Non-public tramway:

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Vila de Itatinga			Steam	1906	1958	[168], [169]
Vila de Itatinga		800	electric	1958-Jan	Unknown, c. 2017 or 2016	[170]. Closed as a tramway by 2017,^[6] but the tracks remained in use, with intermittent service (for workers) sometimes using the former tramcars being towed by diesel tractors^[7] (effectively making the line an ordinary railway, no longer a tramway)

Note for São Paulo - Tramway da Cantareira: Narrow-gauge light railway. Connected São Paulo, Cantareira, and Guarulhos. Electrification of Guarulhos line planned (ca. 1942, not carried out. Cantareira line closed 1957. Guarulhos line closed 31 May 1965.

Sergipe[edit]

Location	Article	Gauge (mm)	Traction Type	Date (from) (year-month-day)	Date (to) (year-month-day)	Notes
Aracaju			Mule	1908-10-24	?	[171]
Aracaju			electric	1926-June-02	1955	[172]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Rio de Janeiro (2) on tramz.com
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rio de Janeiro (1) on tramz.com
^ "The Tramways of Brazil".
^ "The Scottish Trams of Santos".
^ "UrbanRail.Net > South America > Brazil > S.P. > Santos VLT".
^ "Worldwide Review [regular news section]". Tramways & Urban Transit. UK: LRTA Publishing. November 2017. p. 430. ISSN 1460-8324.
^ "Worldwide Review [regular news section]". Tramways & Urban Transit. UK: LRTA Publishing. February 2018. p. 69. ISSN 1460-8324.

Books and periodicals shown in List of town tramway systems

[rj2-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Rio de Janeiro (2) on tramz.com

[rj1-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rio de Janeiro (1) on tramz.com

[3] "The Tramways of Brazil".

[4] "The Scottish Trams of Santos".

[5] "UrbanRail.Net > South America > Brazil > S.P. > Santos VLT".

[taut-2017nov-6] "Worldwide Review [regular news section]". Tramways & Urban Transit. UK: LRTA Publishing. November 2017. p. 430. ISSN 1460-8324.

[taut-2018feb-7] "Worldwide Review [regular news section]". Tramways & Urban Transit. UK: LRTA Publishing. February 2018. p. 69. ISSN 1460-8324.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

Alagoas[edit]

Amazonas[edit]

Bahia[edit]

Ceará[edit]

Espírito Santo[edit]

Goiás[edit]

Maranhão[edit]

Mato Grosso[edit]

Minas Gerais[edit]

Pará[edit]

Paraíba[edit]

Paraná[edit]

Pernambuco[edit]

Piauí[edit]

Rio de Janeiro[edit]

Rio Grande do Norte[edit]

Rio Grande do Sul[edit]

Santa Catarina[edit]

São Paulo[edit]

Sergipe[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]