List of translations of The Lord of the Rings

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J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel The Lord of the Rings has been translated into many languages since its publication in 1954–55. Known translations are listed here; the exact number is hard to determine, for example because the European and Brazilian dialects of Portuguese are sometimes counted separately, as are the Nynorsk and Bokmål forms of Norwegian, and the Traditional and Simplified Chinese forms of that language. Elrond's Library, as of its last updating in 2019, explicitly lists 87 translations in 57 languages.[1]

The Tolkien Gateway has a list of translations without details.[2] Many separate collectors have sites that highlight their personal collections with more detail. Some of the more extensive sites include Elrond's Library,[3] The Lord of the Rings in Translation,[4] Impressions of Books by J.R.R. Tolkien Published in Japan,[5] and the Tolkieniano Collection (in Italian).[6] Editions of all the translations in this list can be found illustrated in one or more of these collections. In addition, the book Толкин Русскими Глазами (Tolkien Through Russian Eyes) contains a detailed listing and history of the multiple Russian translations.[7]

The linguist Thomas Honegger has edited two books on the challenges of translating Tolkien: Tolkien in Translation and Translating Tolkien: Text and Film. The first volume looks at the theoretical problem, and then analyses translations into Esperanto, French, Norwegian, Russian, and Spanish to see how translators have coped with the issues discussed.[8][9] The second volume looks at translation into Dutch, German, Hebrew, and Swedish, and analyses particularly complex issues such as translating Tolkien's constructed languages.[10][11]

Translations[edit]

Language Title Year Translator Publisher ISBN
Dutch In de Ban van de Ring 1957 Max Schuchart Het Spectrum, Utrecht —
Swedish Härskarringen (also known as Sagan om Ringen) 1959 to 1961 Åke Ohlmarks Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm 978-91-1-300998-8
Polish Władca Pierścieni 1961 to 1963 Maria Skibniewska (poems by Włodzimierz Lewik and Andrzej Nowicki) Czytelnik, Warsaw —
Italian Il Signore degli Anelli 1967 to 1970 Vittoria Alliata di Villafranca Bompiani, Milan 9788845210273
Danish Ringenes Herre 1968 to 1972 Ida Nyrop Ludvigsen[12] Gyldendal, Copenhagen 978-87-02-04320-4
German Der Herr der Ringe 1969 to 1970 Margaret Carroux and Ebba-Margareta von Freymann (poems) Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 978-3-608-93666-7
French Le Seigneur des anneaux 1972 to 1973 Francis Ledoux Christian Bourgois 9782266201728
Japanese Yubiwa Monogatari (指輪物語, lit. "The tale of the Ring(s)") 1972 to 1975 Teiji Seta (瀬田貞二) and Akiko Tanaka (田中明子) Hyouronsha(評論社), Tokyo 978-4-566-02350-5, 978-4-566-02351-2, 978-4-566-02352-9
Finnish Taru sormusten herrasta 1973 to 1975 Kersti Juva, Eila Pennanen, Panu Pekkanen — —
Norwegian (Bokmål) Krigen om ringen 1973 to 1975 Nils Werenskiold Tiden Norsk Forlag 82-10-00816-1, 82-10-00930-3, 82-10-01096-4
Portuguese (BRA) O Senhor dos Anéis 1974 to 1979 António Rocha and Alberto Monjardim (unauthorized) Publicações Europa-América 978-972-1-04102-8, 978-972-1-04144-8, 978-972-1-04154-7
Russian Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets 1976 (publ. 2002) A. A. Gruzberg U-Faktoriya, Yekaterinburg 5-94799-164-0
Portuguese (POR) O Senhor dos Anéis 1977 Fernanda Pinto Rodrigues Publicações Europa-América 972-1-04144-0, 972-1-04154-8, 972-1-04102-5
Spanish El Señor de los Anillos 1977 to 1980 Luis Domènech (Francisco Porrúa) and Matilde Horne Minotauro Buenos Aires 84-450-7032-0 (Minotauro)
Greek Ο Άρχοντας των Δαχτυλιδιών O Archontas ton Dachtylidion 1978 Eugenia Chatzithanasi-Kollia Kedros, Athens 960-04-0308-2
Hebrew שר הטבעות Sar ha-Tabbaot 1979 to 1980 Ruth Livnit Zmora-Bitan, Tel Aviv —
Norwegian (Bokmål) Ringenes herre 1980 to 1981 Torstein Bugge Høverstad Tiden Norsk Forlag 978-82-10-04449-6
Hungarian A Gyűrűk Ura 1981 Chapters 1-11: Ádám Réz
Rest: Árpád Göncz and Dezső Tandori (poems)		 Gondolat Könyvkiadó (1981)
Európa Könyvkiadó (since 1990), Budapest		 First: 963-280-963-7, 963-280-964-5, 963-280-965-3
2008 reworked: 978-963-07-8646-1[13]
Serbian Господар Прстенова Gospodar Prstenova 1981[14] Zoran Stanojević Nolit, Belgrade —
Russian Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets 1982 to 1992 V. S. Muravev (2nd to 6th books, poems), A. A. Kistyakovskij (first book) Raduga, Moscow 5-05-002255-X, 5-05-002397-1, 5-05-004017-5
Russian Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets 1984 (publ. 1991) H. V. Grigoreva and V. I. Grushetskij and I. B. Grinshpun (poems) Severo-Zapad 5-7183-0003-8, 5-352-00312-4 (Azbuka)
Catalan El Senyor dels Anells 1986 to 1988 Francesc Parcerisas Vicens Vives, Barcelona 84-316-6868-7
Korean 반지 이야기 (Banji iyagi), (reprinted as 완역 반지제왕 (Wanyeok Banjijewang)) 1988 to 1992 강영운 (Kang Yeong-un) Dongsuh Press, Seoul —
Armenian Պահապաննէրը Pahapannērë 1989 Emma Makarian Arevnik, Yerevan Only The Fellowship of the Ring, no ISBN
Korean 반지전쟁 (Banjijeonjaeng), (reprinted as 반지의 제왕 (Banjieui Jewang)) 1990 김번, 김보원, 이미애 (Kim Beon, Kim Bo-won, Yee Mi-ae) Doseochulpan Yemun, Seoul 8986834200, 8986834219, 8986834227
Russian Властители Колец vlastiteli kolets 1990 Z.A. Bobyr' Molodaya Gvardyr 5235019466, 5235019458 (Condensed translation with Hobbit & I in first volume and II & III in second volume)
Bulgarian Властелинът на пръстените Vlastelinăt na prăstenite 1990 to 1991 Lyubomir Nikolov Narodna Kultura Sofia —
Czech Pán prstenů 1990 to 1992 Stanislava Pošustová Mladá fronta, Prague 80-204-0105-9, 80-204-0194-6, 80-204-0259-4
Russian Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets 1991 V.A.M. (Valeriya Aleksandrovna Matorina) Amur, Khabarovsk —
Korean 마술반지 (Masulbanji) 1992 to 1994 이동진 (Lee Dong-jin) Pauline (Baorottal), Seoul Only The Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers. 8933103422 (first volume)
Icelandic Hringadróttinssaga 1993 to 1995, 2nd ed. 2003 Þorsteinn Thorarensen and Geir Kristjánsson (poems) Fjölvi, Reykjavík 9979-58-364-9, 9979-58-366-5, 9979-58-365-7
Lithuanian Žiedų valdovas 1994 Andrius Tapinas and Jonas Strielkūnas Alma littera, Vilnius 9986-02-038-7, 9986-02-487-0, 9986-02-959-7
Portuguese (BRA) O Senhor dos Anéis 1994 Lenita Maria Rimoli Esteves and Almiro Pisetta Martins Fontes 978-85-3360-292-2, 978-85-3360-314-1, 978-85-3360-315-8
Russian Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets 1994 Mariya Kamenkovich and Valerij Karrik Terra-Azbuka, St. Petersburg 5-300-00027-2, 5-300-00026-4
Croatian Gospodar prstenova 1995 Zlatko Crnković Algoritam 953-6166-05-4
Slovenian Gospodar prstanov 1995 Polona Mertelj, Primož Pečovnik, Zoran Obradovič Gnosis-Quarto, Ljubljana
Esperanto La Mastro de l' Ringoj 1995 to 1997, 2nd ed. 2007 William Auld Sezonoj, Yekaterinburg, Kaliningrad 5745004576, 9785745004575
Polish Władca Pierścieni 1996 to 1997 Jerzy Łozinski and Marek Obarski (poems) Zysk i S-ka, Poznań 8371502419, 8371502427, 8371502435
Estonian Sõrmuste Isand 1996 to 1998 Ene Aru and Votele Viidemann Tiritamm, Tallinn 9985-55-039-0, 9985-55-046-3, 9985-55-049-8
Turkish Yüzüklerin Efendisi 1996 to 1998 Çiğdem Erkal İpek, Bülent Somay (poems) Metis, Istanbul 975-342-347-0
Romanian Stăpânul Inelelor 1999 to 2001 Irina Horea, Gabriela Nedelea, Ion Horea Editorial Group Rao 978-606-609-367-5, 978-606-609-366-8, 978-606-609-365-1
German Der Herr der Ringe 2000 Wolfgang Krege Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 978-3-608-93639-1
Korean 반지의 제왕 (Banjieui Jewang) 2001 한기찬 (Han Ki-chan) 황금가지 (Hwanggeum Gaji), Seoul 6 volumes. 8982732888, 8982732896, 898273290X, 8982732918, 8982732926, 8982732934, 898273287X (set)
Polish Władca Pierścieni 2001 Books I – IV: Maria and Cezary Frąc; Book V: Aleksandra Januszewska; Book VI: Aleksandra Jagiełowicz; Poems: Tadeusz A. Olszański; Appendices: Ryszard Derdziński Amber, Warszawa 8372457018, 8324132872, 978-83-241-4424-2
Slovenian Gospodar prstanov 2001 Branko Gradišnik Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana 8611162447, 8611163001, 861116301-X
Chinese (Simplified) 魔戒 2001 Book One – Book Two: Ding Di (丁棣); Book Three – Book Four: Yao Jing-rong (姚锦镕); Book Five – Book Six: Tang Ding-jiu (汤定九) Yilin Press (译林出版社), Nanjing 7-80657-267-8
Chinese (Traditional) 魔戒 2001 to 2002 Lucifer Chu (朱學恆)[15] Linking Publishing (聯經出版公司), Taipei —
Galician O Señor dos Aneis 2001 to 2002 Moisés R. Barcia Xerais, Vigo 84-8302-682-1
Slovak Pán prsteňov 2001 to 2002 Otakar Kořínek and Braňo Varsik Vydavatelstvo Slovart, Bratislava 8071456063, 8071456071, 807145608-X
Thai ลอร์ดออฟเดอะริงส์ Lord oof doe rings 2001 to 2002 Wanlee Shuenyong Amarin, Bangkok 974-7597-54-3
Macedonian Господарот на прстените Gospodarot na prstenite 2002 Romeo Širilov, Ofelija Kaviloska AEA, Misla, Skopje 9989-39-170-X, 9989-39-173-4, 9989-39-176-9
Russian Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets 2002 V. Volkovskij, V. Vosedov, D. Afinogenova AST, Moscow 5-17-016265-0
Russian Властелин Колец Vlastelin kolets 2002 Alina V. Nemirova AST, Kharkov 5-17-009975-4, 5-17-008954-6, 966-03-1122-2 (Folio)
Basque Eraztunen Jauna 2002 to 2003 Agustin Otsoa Eribeko Txalaparta, Tafalla 84-8136-258-1
Indonesian The Lord of the Rings 2002 to 2003 Gita K. Yuliani Gramedia, Jakarta 9796866935, 9792200355, 979220556-X
Latvian Gredzenu Pavēlnieks 2002 to 2004 Ieva Kolmane Jumava, Riga 9984-05-579-5, 9984-05-626-0, 9984-05-861-1
Persian ارباب حلقه‌ها Arbāb-e Halqehā 2002 to 2004 Riza Alizadih Rawzanih, Tehran 964-334-116-X, 964-334-139-9, 964-334-173-9
Ukrainian Володар Перснів Volodar Persniv 2002 Oleksandr Mokrovolskyi Школа (Shkola) 966-661-063-9 966-661-064-7 966-661-081-7
Ukrainian Володар Перснів Volodar Persniv 2003 Alina V. Nemirova[16] Фоліо (Folio) 966-03-1915-0 966-03-1916-9 966-03-1917-7
Faroese Ringanna Harri 2003 to 2005 Axel Tórgarð Stiðin, Hoyvík 99918-42-33-0, 99918-42-34-9, 99918-42-38-1
Swedish Ringarnas herre 2004 to 2005 Erik Andersson[17] and Lotta Olsson (poems) Norstedts förlag 91-1-301153-7
Ukrainian Володар Перстенів Volodar Persteniv 2004 to 2005 Olena Feshovets, Nazar Fedorak (poems) Astrolabia, Lviv 966-8657-18-7
Albanian Lordi i unazave, republished as Kryezoti i unazave 2004 to 2006 Ilir I. Baçi (part 1), Artan Miraka (2 and 3) Dudaj, Tirana 99927-50-96-0 99943-33-11-9 99943-33-58-5
Norwegian (Nynorsk) Ringdrotten 2006 Eilev Groven Myhren Tiden Norsk Forlag, Oslo 82-05-36559-8
Arabic سيد الخواتم، رفقة الخاتم، خروج الخاتمSayyid al-Khawātim, Rafīqat al-Khātim, Khurūj al-Khātim 2007 Amr Khairy Malamih, Cairo 978-977-6262-03-4, only The Fellowship of the Ring, Book I
Belarusian Уладар пярсьцёнкаў: Зьвяз пярсьцёнка, Дзьве вежы, Вяртаньне караля Uladar pyars'tsyonkaŭ: Z'vyaz Pyars'tsyonka, Dz've vezhy, Vyartan'ne karalya 2008 to 2009 Дзьмітрый Магілеўцаў and Крысьціна Курчанкова (Dźmitry Mahileŭcaŭ and Kryścina Kurčankova) Minsk 978-985-4921-24-3[18]
Belarusian Валадар пярсцёнкаў: Брацтва Пярсцёнка Valadar piarścionkaŭ 2023 Ihar Kulikou Andrei Yanushkevich Publishing, Warsaw 978-83-969297-6-1
Arabic سيد الخواتم Sayyid al-Khawātim 2009 Farajallah Sayyid Muhammad Nahdet Misr, Cairo 977-14-4114-0, 977-14-1134-9, 977-14-1127-6
Georgian ბეჭდების მბრძანებელი: ბეჭდის საძმო, ორი ციხე–კოშკი, მეფის დაბრუნება Bech'debis Mbrdzanebeli: Bech'dis Sadzmo, Ori Tsikhe-k'oshki, Mepis Dabruneba 2009 to 2011 Nika Samushia (prose and poems) and Tsitso Khotsuashvili (poems in The Fellowship of the Ring) Gia Karchkhadze Publishing, Tbilisi 978-99940-34-04-8, 978-99940-34-13-0, 978-99940-34-14-7
West Frisian Master fan alle ringen 2011 to 2016 Liuwe Westra Frysk en Frij and Elikser, Leeuwarden 978-90-8566-022-4, 978-90-825871-0-4. Only Fellowship of the Ring and Two Towers translated so far
Ukrainian Володар перснів Volodar persniv 2013 Kateryna Onishchuk-Mikhalitsyna, Nazar Fedorak (poems) Astrolabia, Lviv 978-617-664-022-6, 978-617-664-023-3, 978-617-664-024-0
Chinese (Simplified) 魔戒 2013 Deng Jiawan / 邓嘉宛 (story), Shi Zhongge / 石中歌 (preface, prologue, appendix, and checking), Du Yunci / 杜蕴慈 (poems) Shanghai People's Press 9787208113039
Vietnamese Chúa tể những chiếc Nhẫn 2013 to 2014 (Prose) Nguyễn Thị Thu Yến (f), Đặng Trần Việt (m); Tâm Thuỷ (f); (Poetry) An Lý (f) Nhã Nam, Hanoi —
French Le Seigneur des anneaux 2014 to 2016 Daniel Lauzon Christian Bourgois 9782267027006
Marathi स्वामी मुद्रिकांचा Swami Mudrikancha (I, II, III) 2015 Mugdha Karnik Diamond Publications, Pune 978-8184836219
Yiddish דער האַר פֿון די פֿינגערלעך Der Har fun di Fingerlekh 2016 Barry Goldstein — 978-1500410223, 978-1512129038, 978-1517654474
Afrikaans Die Heerser Van Die Ringe 2018 to 2020 Janie Oosthuysen (1), Kobus Geldenhuys (2, 3) Protea Boekhuis, Pretoria 978-1-4853-0975-8, 978-1-4853-0976-5, 978-1-4853-0977-2
Azerbaijani Üzüklərin Hökmdarı 2020 to 2021 Samir Bulut Qanun Nəşriyyatı 978-9-9523-6832-1, 978-9952-38-002-6 (I, III only, II has no ISBN)
Bengali (Bangladesh) দি লর্ড অফ দ্য রিংস Di larḍa apha dya rinsa (I only) 2020 Moheul Islam Mithu Aishwarya Prakash The ISBN printed in the book is improperly formatted, 978-91288-3-X
Bengali (India) সর্বাধিপতি আংটি Sarbādhipati āṇṭi (I, II only) 2012 to 2013 Aniruddha Cinnamon Teal Publishing 978-93-81542-61-3, 978-93-80151-76-2
Uzbek Uzuklar Hukmdori (I only) 2019 Shokir Zokirovich Dolimov
(from the Russian translation of V. S. Muravev and A. A. Kistyakovskij) 		Ilm-ziyo-zakovat 978-9943-6033-0-1
Sinhala මුදු වල අධිපතියා Mudu vala adhipatiyā (I in two parts, II) 2018 to 2019 (I), 2023 (II) Kaveesha Nadun Kaggodaarachchi and Upekha Draupadhi Rajapaksha (I), Upekha Draupadhi Rajapaksha (II) Muses Books 978-955-37-2703-9 (Ia), 978-955-37-2708-4 (Ib), 978-624-5579-65-5 (II)
Croatian Gospodar Prstenova 2018 Marko Maras Lumen 978-953-342-154-4, 978-953-342-155-1, 978-953-342-156-8
Italian Il Signore degli Anelli 2020 to 2021 Ottavio Fatica Bompiani 978-88-452-9919-3, 978-88-301-0271-2, 978-88-301-0272-9
Slovenian Gospodar prstanov 2023 Sergej Hvala Mladinska knjiga 978-961-016-906-2, 978-961-016-907-9, 978-961-016-908-6
Mongolian Бөгжний Эзэн, Bögjnii Ezen 2009 Ukhnaagiin Nyamsuren (translated from Russian) Khökh Devter 9789996221255
Mongolian Бөгжний Эзэн, Bögjnii Ezen (I only) 2024 B. Amarbayasgalan Monsudar 978-9919-28-115-1

References[edit]

  1. ^ Elrond's Library
  2. ^ Translations. Tolkien Gateway.
  3. ^ Elrond's Library
  4. ^ The Lord of the Rings in Translation
  5. ^ Impressions of Books by J.R.R. Tolkien Published in Japan
  6. ^ Tolkieniano Collection
  7. ^ Tolkien Through Russian Eyes, Толкин Русскими Глазами (Cormarë Series 5, Walking Tree Publishers, 2003, ISBN: 3-9521424-7-6)
  8. ^ Honegger, Thomas. "Tolkien in Translation". Walking Tree Publishers. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  9. ^ Honegger, Thomas; Segura, Eduardo (2011). Tolkien in Translation. Cormarë series. Vol. 4. Zurich: Walking Tree Publishers. ISBN 978-3-9521424-6-2.
  10. ^ Honegger, Thomas. "Translating Tolkien: Text and Film". Walking Tree Publishers. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  11. ^ Honegger, Thomas (2011) [2004]. Translating Tolkien: Text and Film. Cormarë series. Vol. 6. Walking Tree Publishers. ISBN 978-3-9521424-9-3.
  12. ^ a special edition of 1977 included illustrations by Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, working under the pseudonym of Ingahild Grathmer.
  13. ^ The terminology was reworked and several mistakes corrected. For example, the original Hungarian translation left unclear whether Éowyn or Merry killed the Witch-king which caused confusion when the movie version was released.
  14. ^ "COBISS/OPAC | Грешка". Vbs.rs. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  15. ^ Turning fantasy into a reality that helps others Gavin Phipps, Taipei Times, 6 March 2005, p. 18.
  16. ^ Unlicensed edition, translated from Alina Nemirova's Russian translation (2002, AST Publisher), in Maksym Strikha. Ukrainskyi khudozhniy pereklad: mizh literaturoyu i natsiyetvorennyam. Kyiv: Fakt, 2006. p. 305.
  17. ^ published Översättarens anmärkningar "translator's notes" in 2007 (978-91-1-301609-2)
  18. ^ Уладар Пярсьцёнкаў: Зьвяз Пярсьцёнка (Uladar Pyarstsyonka: Zvyaz Pyarstsyonka) [The Lord of the Rings: The Union [aka Fellowship] of the Rings] (in Belarusian). Minsk: private, 500 copies. 2008.
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