Michael B. Faulkner
Michael Faulkner | |
|---|---|
| Born | |
| Nationality | American |
| Other names | CygonX |
| Occupation(s) | Businessperson Author |
Michael B. Faulkner, known as by his pseudonym CygonX is an American business executive, author, and convicted cybercriminal.[1] He is the founder of Crydon Capital.[2][3]
Faulkner is best known for his high-profile 2010 arrest and 360 months prison sentence for various electronic and finance-related crimes in USA v Faulkner case.[4][5][6] He is currently incarcerated at a Federal Correctional Institution, Forrest City Medium in Forrest City, Arkansas the United States.
Biography[edit]
Born in 1973, Faulkner grew up in Dallas, Texas, United States.[7][8] He is a college graduate and has a background in database engineering, IT infrastructure, and telecommunications.[9]
Faulkner was the founder of a private equity firm, Crydon Capital Corporation, where he served as a chief executive officer.[10] He was also a founder and owner of the VoIP company Premier Voice.[2]
In 2009, Faulkner was at the center of so-called Texas Data Center raids, when FBI entry teams stormed data centers, shut them down, and seized thousands of servers as evidence.[2][11]
After a well-publicized pursuit, the FBI arrested Faulkner on January 15, 2010, at a private compound in Mexico on federal offenses related to charges of wire fraud.[7][12] The FBI briefly believed Faulkner to have been killed during a border dispute in Honduras, and later discovered that Faulkner may have attempted to fake his own death.[3] In his book, Faulkner asserts that he and his family were kidnapped from Mexico by an FBI rendition team.[13]
He was first indicted in 2010.[7][14] The indictment alleged persons involvement in cybercrime conspiracy using web hosting equipment and fraud of $15 million.[15][16] Additionally, Faulkner was indicted with obstruction of justice.[7]
In 2013, Faulkner pleaded guilty to one count of wire fraud, one count of obstruction of justice – hiding assets, as part of a plea agreement before the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas in Dallas.[17] He was sentenced to 360 months in prison plus 36 months of supervised release and ordered to pay over $18 million in restitution.[4]
At the beginning of the federal case made against Faulkner, the FBI asserted that over 105 million dollars were stolen during the commission of the crimes for which they were later charged.[4] The legal defense countered these claims, after which the government was only able to document 25 million in losses within United States jurisdictions.[4] The government moved forward with federal seizures, and seized over one million in combined financial assets from the co-defendants, and over one million dollars in equipment owned and operated by the co-defendant's companies. However, the government was only able to seize $22,000 from Faulkner's US bank accounts, and nothing from Faulkner's company or accounts outside the United States.[4] In addition to the 18 million assessed loss attributed to Faulkner himself, in pre-trial detention hearing the FBI asserted that Faulkner had stolen another 2 million dollars during his time as a fugitive in Mexico.[4] To date, no additional money has been recovered from any of Faulkner's offshore bank accounts or corporate entities.[4]
Faulkner, in his book, argues that he committed no fraud. Instead, his USA-based telecom companies used VoIP technology to route calls to and from Mexico, and used GSM channel banks to inject calls into the Telcel network in Mexico, therefore bypassing all American phone companies, the Mexican national phone company Telmex, and surveillance systems.[18] He further states that the network was designed to save his telecom clients money, and not to avoid the surveillance.[19]
Bibliography[edit]
- Faulkner, Michael (2011). Invisible Banking: A Guide to Protecting Your Wealth
- Faulkner, Michael (2017). Blackhat Banking: A Hacker's Guide to Financial Security and Privacy
References[edit]
- ^ "FBI claims ISP stole millions from AT&T, Verizon". Computerworld. 7 April 2009.
- ^ a b c Zetter, Kim. "FBI Defends Disruptive Raids on Texas Data Centers". Wired.
- ^ a b "Four Fugitives Taken Into Custody in Mexico; Wanted in Connection with Massive Cyber Crime Conspiracy". FBI.
- ^ a b c d e f g "USA v. Faulkner et al (3:09-cr-00249), Texas Northern District Court".
- ^ "Nineteen Indicted in Massive Cybercrime Conspiracy".
- ^ "ISP Operators Among 19 Arrested in Cyber-fraud Case". PC World.
- ^ a b c d "Former Southlake resident Michael Faulkner, 3 others arrested in Mexico in cybercrime case". The Dallas Morning News. 15 January 2010.
- ^ "ISP operators among 19 arrested in cyber-fraud case". Computerworld. 12 January 2010.
- ^ Faulkner, Michael (2017). Blackhat Banking: A Hacker's Guide to Financial Security and Privacy. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. p. 8. ISBN 9781979800556.
- ^ "Crydon Capital Corporation".
- ^ "FBI Claims ISP Stole Millions From AT&T, Verizon". PC World.
- ^ Gordon, Scott (15 January 2010). "FBI Nabs Cybercrime Suspects in Mexico". KXAS-TV.
- ^ Faulkner, Michael (2017). Blackhat Banking: A Hacker's Guide to Financial Security and Privacy. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. p. 10. ISBN 9781979800556.
- ^ "Massive cyber-fraud ring exposed". Infosecurity Magazine. January 11, 2010.
- ^ "4 North Texans accused of cybercrime conspiracy arrested in Mexico". The Dallas Morning News. January 15, 2010.
- ^ Wilonsky, Robert. "U.S. Attorney Sends Word of 19, Most Locals, Indicted For "Massive Cybercrime Conspiracy"". Dallas Observer.
- ^ "Defendant Sentenced to Serve 48 Months in Federal Prison and Pay Millions in Restitution for Violating the CAN-SPAM Act — FBI".
- ^ Faulkner, Michael (2017). Blackhat Banking: A Hacker's Guide to Financial Security and Privacy. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. p. 9. ISBN 9781979800556.
- ^ Faulkner, Michael (2017). Blackhat Banking: A Hacker's Guide to Financial Security and Privacy. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 9781979800556.