Portal:Peru

Republic of Peru
*República del Perú* (Spanish)
Republic of Peru República del Perú (Spanish)
	Flag Coat of arms
Capital	Lima; 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W
ISO 3166 code	PE

Portal topics: Activities; Culture; Geography; Health; History; Mathematics; Nature; People; Philosophy; Religion; Society; Technology; Random portal

Introduction

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1,285,216 km² (496,225 sq mi), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.

Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE. Notable pre-colonial cultures and civilizations include the Caral–Supe civilization (the earliest civilization in the Americas and considered one of the cradles of civilization), the Nazca culture, the Wari and Tiwanaku empires, the Kingdom of Cusco, and the Inca Empire, the largest known state in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and Charles V established a viceroyalty with the official name of the Kingdom of Peru that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551.

Peru's population includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music. (Full article...)

Refresh with new selections below (purge)

Recognized content - show another

Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

*Jirón de la Unión* was the main street of Lima in the early 20th century.

The history of Lima, the capital of Peru, began with its foundation by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535. The city was established on the valley of the Rímac River in an area populated by the Ichma polity. It became the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru and site of a Real Audiencia in 1543. In the 17th century, the city prospered as the center of an extensive trade network despite damage from earthquakes and the threat of pirates. However, prosperity came to an end in the 18th century due to an economic downturn and the Bourbon Reforms.

The population of Lima played an ambivalent role in the 1821–1824 Peruvian War of Independence; the city suffered exactions from Royalist and Patriot armies alike. After independence, Lima became the capital of the Republic of Peru. It enjoyed a short period of prosperity in the mid-19th century until the 1879–1883 War of the Pacific when it was looted and occupied by Chilean troops. After the war, the city went through a period of demographic expansion and urban renewal. Population growth accelerated in the 1940s spurred by immigration from the Andean regions of Peru. This gave rise to the proliferation of shanty towns as public services failed to keep up with the city expansion. (Full article...)

List of recognized articles

edit

Selected image

Photo credit: Ericbronder

The district of Santa Anita is one of 43 districts in the city of Lima, which are administered by the Metropolitan Lima Municipal Council. Each district has its own council and mayor (Spanish: Municipalidad distrital). The town hall in each district is the seat of the district council. (more...)

More selected pictures...

edit

Selected battle

The Battle of Arica, also known as Assault and capture of Arica Cape, is a belic action of the War of the Pacific. It was fought on June 7, 1880, between forces of Chile and Peru.

After the Battle of Tacna, and the following Bolivian retirement of the war, Peru had to stand alone for the rest of the conflict. The need of a port near to the location of the army, in order to supply and reinforce the troops and the evacuation of the wounded, made the Chilean command to put its attention on the remaining Peruvian stronghold in the Tacna Department. Thus, a fraction of the Chilean army, led by Colonel Pedro Lagos, launched a simultaneous assault from both sides, taking the defenses on a bayonet charge, and captured the Morro de Arica (English: Arica Cape) from the defending Peruvian troops under the command of Colonel Francisco Bolognesi in a last attack up the hill. In this fight the Peruvian Commander died along with several officers and more than 1.000 men. (more...)

More selected battles...

edit

In this month

April 3, 1983 - The Lucanamarca massacre took place in which 69 peasants were killed by the Shining Path organization in and around the town of Lucanamarca.

April 12, 1671 - Pope Clement IX canonized Rose of Lima, making her the first Roman Catholic saint in the Western Hemisphere.

April 22, 1997 - The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ended when Peruvian armed forces raided the official residence of Japan's ambassador to Peru in Lima and killed all Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) militants.

April 26, 1538 - Two rival Spanish military forces engaged in the Battle of Las Salinas near Cusco. Pizarro's forces defeated those of rival conquistador Diego de Almagro.

April 28, 1947 - Thor Heyerdahl set sail from Peru with his ship the Kon-Tiki to finally reach the Tuamotu Archipelago after 101 days and 4,300 miles at sea.

April 30, 1932 - Start of the Colombia–Peru War an armed conflict with Colombia concerning a long-standing border dispute in the Amazonas region.

More anniversaries...

General images

The following are images from various Peru-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 2Peruvian girls (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 3Amerindian woman with child (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 4Peruvian school children with an OLPC XO-1 laptop (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 5Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 6Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 7Life expectancy in Peru since 1960 by gender (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 8Historical population of Peru (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 9Population map of Peru in 2007 (regional) (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 10The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 11The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 12Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 13Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 14The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 15Ages pyramid of Peru in 2007 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 16Chinatown in Lima (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 17Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 18Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 19Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 20Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 21Life expectancy in Peru since 1940 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 22
Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
-   Peru-Bolivia
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army
    First Provisional Government of Peru
    Northern Peruvian Republic
    Second Provisional Government of Peru
    Provisional Government of Bolivia
    New Peruvian State
    New Bolivian State
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
    De facto borders after the dissolution
    Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
    Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 23Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 24Peruvian Paso (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 25Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 26Peru's football team in 1970; the ethnic diversity of Peruvians is visible, with players showing African, Amerindian and European ancestry in various mixes. (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 27Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 28Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 29Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 30
Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
-   Peru-Bolivia
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army
    First Provisional Government of Peru
    Northern Peruvian Republic
    Second Provisional Government of Peru
    Provisional Government of Bolivia
    New Peruvian State
    New Bolivian State
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
    De facto borders after the dissolution
    Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
    Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 31The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)

Selected article - show another

The Casma–Sechin culture (alternatively Sechin Complex) (c. 3600 BCE – 200 BCE) of Peru refers to the large concentration of pre-historic ruins in the valleys of the Casma River and its tributary the Sechin River and along the nearby coast of the Pacific Ocean. The ruins include major archaeological sites such as Sechin Bajo, Sechin Alto, Cerro Sechin, Mojeque (Pampa de las Llamas-Moxeke), Chankillo, and Taukachi-Konkan, as well as other smaller sites. Most of these inland sites are found in the river valleys about 20 kilometres (12 mi) distant from the ocean. The seaside sites of Huaynuná and Las Haldas are found about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north and south of the mouth of the Casma River on the coast.

A frieze located at Sechin Bajo dated at 3600 BCE is the oldest example of monumental architecture discovered thus far in the Americas. This date, if confirmed by additional discoveries, means that the Casma/Sechin culture may have originated as early or earlier than the Caral-Supe civilization, currently considered the oldest civilization of the Americas. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

Did you know (auto-generated) - load new batch

... that Naikilah Perusahaan Minang is the oldest operating autobus company in Indonesia?
... that Marcelino Gutiérrez was the only one of his brothers, who together led a rebellion against the president of Peru, to survive a subsequent riot?
... that Miguelina Acosta Cárdenas played a key role in the fledgling women's movement in Peru in the early 20th century?
... that Peruvian foreign minister Manuel María Gálvez Egúsquiza was arrested by Chilean troops for refusing to sign peace with the cession of territory during the War of the Pacific?
... that some prisoners in Peru get tattoos of Sarita Colonia for alleged protection?
... that Ariana Orrego was the first Peruvian gymnast to compete at the Olympic Games?
... that Gian Marco's Días Nuevos, the best-selling album of 2011 in Perú, was the first quintuple platinum awarded by Unión Peruana de Productores Fonográficos?
... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?

edit

Related portals

edit

Selected quote - show another

“

All who have served the Revolution have plowed the sea.

”

South American revolutionary leader, liberator and dictator of Peru Simón Bolívar 1783–1830

Wikiquote

More...

edit

Basic facts & figures

National Symbol	Capital	Currency	Time zone	National Anthem	Language	Population census

Symbols of Peru	City of Lima	Sol		Somos libres	Spanish	33,726,000

edit

More did you know...

...that during the War of the Pacific, General Andrés Avelino Cáceres (pictured) waged a two-year guerrilla campaign against Chilean occupation?
...that under the 2002 Andean Trade Promotion and Drug Eradication Act the US eliminated tariffs on 6,300 products from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru?
...that there is evidence of Peruvian involvement in the abduction of a group of Montoneros in Lima as part of Operation Condor?
...that the town of Ollantaytambo, which dates back to the Inca Empire, has some of the oldest continuously occupied dwellings in South America?
...that water resources management in Peru has shifted from investing in irrigation development to a focus on river basin management?

More did you know facts

edit

Peru Topics

More...

edit

Recognized content

This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Peru}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.

Featured articles

Featured lists

Good articles

edit

WikiProjects


WikiProject Peru

South America	Latin America	Countries

edit

Things you can do

Assess and prioritise articles (log)
Check for copyvios at Special:Contributions/Priscilla D, tag as {{Db-copyvio}} where appropriate
Create:
Expand: new articles; top importance articles
FAC / FLC: Peru national football team
GAN:
Merge requests: Amazonas before the Inca Empire, Chachapoyas culture
Review: Shining Path, Universitario de Deportes
Translate: National University of San Marcos
Work on Lima, the current article improvement drive
Wikify: articles needing attention

New articles

This list was generated from these rules. Questions and feedback are always welcome! The search is being run daily with the most recent ~14 days of results. Note: Some articles may not be relevant to this project.

Rules | Match log | Results page (for watching) | Last updated: 2024-04-27 21:25 (UTC)

Note: The list display can now be customized by each user. See List display personalization for details.