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Given these were patented a decade earlier by Samuel Augustine de Normanville, it is unlikely the were invented in the 30’s by E. J. de Normanville. [This] shows a US patent from 1918; I assume there may be an earlier British one. The idea that this was invented in the 30s for autos is rubbish. Qwirkle (talk) 20:43, 17 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]