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Traditional medicine[edit]

Nettle have been used as household remedy for centuries. The presence of bioactive components such as ﬂavonoids, phenylpropanoids, fatty acids and carotenoids were attested in leave and roots of nettles and consequently have been found in the nettle water extracts ^[1], hence the common utilisation of nettle in folk veterinary and human medicine ^[2]. It has been used in traditional medicine in named Ankaferd BloodStopper ® (ABS) in Turkey, a folkloric medicinal plant extract containing nettle extract, as well as in herbal preparation and household remedies in Croatia^[3] and Italy^[4].

Conventional medicine[edit]

The use of nettle root extract have shown benefits against symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, notably urinary frequency, urgency, and nocturia when used complementarily to conventional treatments^[5]^[6]. Nettle leaves could also serve as a supportive treatment of arthritis, osteoarthritis and/or rheumatic complaints^[5]^[7].

^ Di Virgilio, Nicola; Papazoglou, Eleni G.; Jankauskiene, Zofija; Di Lonardo, Sara; Praczyk, Marcin; Wielgusz, Kataryna (2015-06-01). "The potential of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) as a crop with multiple uses". Industrial Crops and Products. FIBRE CROPS: from production to end use. 68: 42–49. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.012. ISSN 0926-6690.
^ Kregiel, Dorota; Pawlikowska, Ewelina; Antolak, Hubert (2018-07). "Urtica spp.: Ordinary Plants with Extraordinary Properties". Molecules. 23 (7): 1664. doi:10.3390/molecules23071664. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 6100552. PMID 29987208. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Banjari, Ines; Misir, Andreja; Pavlić, Martina; Herath, Pavithra N.; Waisundara, Viduranga Y. (2019-05). "Traditional Herbal Medicines for Diabetes Used in Europe and Asia: Remedies From Croatia and Sri Lanka". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 25 (3): 40–52. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 31160545. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Guarrera, Paolo Maria (2005-01). "Traditional phytotherapy in Central Italy (Marche, Abruzzo, and Latium)". Fitoterapia. 76 (1): 1–25. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.09.006. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ ^a ^b "Brennnessel - Große Brennnessel – Urtica dioica L. Kleine Brennnessel – Urtica urens L. - Arzneipflanzen-Lexikon". arzneipflanzenlexikon.info (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-13.
^ European Medicines Agency: EMA/HMPC/461156/2008 - Assessment report on Urtica dioica L., Urtica urens L., their hybrids or their mixtures, radix (2012-09-24), https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/assessment-report-urtica-dioica-l-urtica-urens-l-their-hybrids-their-mixtures-radix-first-version_en.pdf. Retrieved 2022-12-13
^ European Medicines Agency: EMA/HMPC/508013/2007 - Assessment report on Urtica dioica L., Urtica urens L., folium (2010-01-14), https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-urtica-dioica-l-urtica-urens-l-folium_en.pdf. Retrieved 2022-12-13

[1] Di Virgilio, Nicola; Papazoglou, Eleni G.; Jankauskiene, Zofija; Di Lonardo, Sara; Praczyk, Marcin; Wielgusz, Kataryna (2015-06-01). "The potential of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) as a crop with multiple uses". Industrial Crops and Products. FIBRE CROPS: from production to end use. 68: 42–49. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.012. ISSN 0926-6690.

[2] Kregiel, Dorota; Pawlikowska, Ewelina; Antolak, Hubert (2018-07). "Urtica spp.: Ordinary Plants with Extraordinary Properties". Molecules. 23 (7): 1664. doi:10.3390/molecules23071664. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 6100552. PMID 29987208. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[3] Banjari, Ines; Misir, Andreja; Pavlić, Martina; Herath, Pavithra N.; Waisundara, Viduranga Y. (2019-05). "Traditional Herbal Medicines for Diabetes Used in Europe and Asia: Remedies From Croatia and Sri Lanka". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 25 (3): 40–52. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 31160545. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[4] Guarrera, Paolo Maria (2005-01). "Traditional phytotherapy in Central Italy (Marche, Abruzzo, and Latium)". Fitoterapia. 76 (1): 1–25. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.09.006. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[:0-5] "Brennnessel - Große Brennnessel – Urtica dioica L. Kleine Brennnessel – Urtica urens L. - Arzneipflanzen-Lexikon". arzneipflanzenlexikon.info (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-13.

[6] European Medicines Agency: EMA/HMPC/461156/2008 - Assessment report on Urtica dioica L., Urtica urens L., their hybrids or their mixtures, radix (2012-09-24), https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/assessment-report-urtica-dioica-l-urtica-urens-l-their-hybrids-their-mixtures-radix-first-version_en.pdf. Retrieved 2022-12-13

[7] European Medicines Agency: EMA/HMPC/508013/2007 - Assessment report on Urtica dioica L., Urtica urens L., folium (2010-01-14), https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-urtica-dioica-l-urtica-urens-l-folium_en.pdf. Retrieved 2022-12-13

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