User:Euryalus/JohnKing

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Judge of the High Court of Admiralty of England and Wales
The Judiciary of England and Wales
Incumbent
None (post abolished 1875)
NominatorLord High Admiral of England
AppointerLord High Admiral of England (to 1673) The Sovereign (1673-1875)
Term lengthAt the pleasure of the appointer
Inaugural holderWilliam Lacy
FormationMarch 1483
Final holderRobert Phillimore
Abolished1875
SuccessionHigh Court of Justice
Salary£400

The Keeper or Master of the Rolls and Records of the Chancery of England, known as the Master of the Rolls, is the second most senior judge[1] in England and Wales after the Lord Chief Justice, and serves as the presiding officer of the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal and Head of Civil Justice. The position dates from at least 1286, although it is believed that the office probably existed earlier than that.[2]

The Master of the Rolls was initially a clerk responsible for keeping the "Rolls", or records, of the Court of Chancery, and was known as the Keeper of the Rolls of Chancery.[3] The Keeper was the most senior of the dozen Chancery clerks, and as such occasionally acted as keeper of the Great Seal of the Realm.[4] The post evolved into a judicial one as the Court of Chancery did; the first reference to judicial duties dates from 1520.[5] With the Judicature Act 1873, which merged the Court of Chancery with the other major courts, the Master of the Rolls joined the Chancery Division of the High Court and the Court of Appeal,[6] but left the Chancery Division by the terms of the Judicature Act 1881. He retained his clerical functions as the nominal head of the Public Record Office until the Public Records Act 1958 transferred responsibility for it to the Lord Chancellor. The Master of the Rolls was also previously responsible for registering solicitors, the officers of the Senior Courts.[7]

One of the most prominent people to hold the position was Thomas Cromwell, a highly influential figure during the reign of Henry VIII. Lord Dyson succeeded Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury as Master of the Rolls on 1 October 2012.[8] On 26 May 2016, 10 Downing Street announced that Sir Terence Etherton will succeed Lord Dyson in the office on 3 October.[9]

List of Judges of the High Court of Admiralty[edit]

Sir Julius Caesar, Admiralty Court Judge in the Elizabethan era and subsequently Chancellor of the Exchequer
Richard Zouche, dismissed from office by Thomas Cromwell in 1649 on suspicion of being a Royalist
No. Name Term of office Legal qualifications Other positions Notes
1 William Lacy 1483 c. 1490 Bachelor of Laws [10]
2 Robert Rydon c. 1490 c. 1513 Bachelor of Laws [11]
3 Christopher Middleton c. 1513 1524 Bachelor of Laws [12]
4 John Tregonwell 1524 c. 1542 Doctor of Civil Law [13]
5 Anthony Hussey c. 1542[a] 1549
—
 [14][13]
6 Richard Lyell 1549 1549 Doctor of Civil Law [15]
7 Griffin Leyson 1549 1554 Doctor of Civil Law [15]
8 William Cooke 1554 1558 Doctor of Civil Law [15]
9 David Lewis 1558 1584 Doctor of Civil Law [15]
10 John Herbert 1575[b] 1584 Doctor of Civil Law [15][16][17]
11 Julius Caesar 1584 after 1603 Doctor of Civil Law [19][18]
12 Valentine Dale c. 1584 1589 Doctor of Civil Law [19][20]
13 Thomas Crompton c. 1605 c. 1608[e] Doctor of Civil Law [19][21]
14 Daniel Donne c. 1608 c. 1617 Doctor of Civil Law [22][23]
15 Richard Trevor c. 1614 before 1625 Legum Doctor [22]
16 Henry Marten 1617 1641 Doctor of Civil Law [22][24][25]
17 Richard Zouch 1641 before 1649[f] Doctor of Civil Law [26]Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Hussey was appointed Deputy to his predecessor John Tregonwell in 1536, and informally presided over the Court from that time until his actual appointment as Judge in c. 1542.[13]
  2. ^ Herbert's appointment was the first concurrent judgeship; holding office alongside David Lewis for the remainder of Lewis' term.[15]
  3. ^ Herbert held various constituencies over his political life: Member for Grampound 1586, Member for Gatton 1588, Member for Christchurch 1593, Member for Bodmin 1597-1598, Member for Glamorgan 1601-1604, and Member for Monmouthshire 1604-1611.[16][17]
  4. ^ During his political career Caesar represented the constituencies of Reigate in 1588, Bletchingly in 1593, Windsor from 1597-1604, Middlesex in 1604 and 1614, and Maldon from 1621-1622.[18]
  5. ^ Crompton served until his death but sources differ on when this occurred: legal historian William Senior gives his death as 5 February 1608 and the History of Parliament Trust gives between 27 January and 1 March 1609.[19][21]
  6. ^ Zouch was removed from office by Thomas Cromwell some time prior to 1649. He was restored to the Judgeship in 1661 but died later that year.[26]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Govt. press release https://www.gov.uk/government/news/master-of-the-rolls-sir-terence-etherton
  2. ^ Sainty (1993) p. 144
  3. ^ Hanworth (1935) p. 310
  4. ^ Hanworth (1935) p. 316
  5. ^ Hanworth (1935) p. 327
  6. ^ "Oxford DNB theme:Masters of the Rolls". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
  7. ^ "Judicial Profiles – Master of the Rolls". Judiciary of England and Wales. Archived from the original on 21 April 2009. Retrieved 3 June 2009.
  8. ^ "Appointment of Master of the Rolls". Judiciary of England and Wales. 29 August 2012.
  9. ^ "Master of the Rolls: Sir Terence Etherton". 10 Downing Street. 26 May 2016.
  10. ^ Senior 1927, pp.333-334
  11. ^ Senior 1927, p.334
  12. ^ Senior 1927, pp.334-335
  13. ^ a b c Senior 1927, p.335
  14. ^ http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/hussey-anthony-149697-1560
  15. ^ a b c d e f Senior 1927, p.336
  16. ^ a b Willis, Browne (1750). Notitia Parliamentaria, Part II: A Series or Lists of the Representatives in the several Parliaments held from the Reformation 1541, to the Restoration 1660 ... London. pp. 229–239.
  17. ^ a b Watkin, Thomas Glyn (January 2008). "Herbert, Sir John (c.1540–1617)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  18. ^ a b Caesar, Julius (1558–1636), of Tottenham, Middlesex and Mitcham, Surrey, History of Parliament Retrieved 12 November 2013.
  19. ^ a b c d Senior 1927, p.337
  20. ^ "Dale, Valentine (DL562V)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  21. ^ a b Hasler, P.W. (2016). "Crompton, Thomas I (c.1558-1609), of London". The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  22. ^ a b c Senior 1927, p.338
  23. ^ Alsager, Richard Vian (1888). "Donne, Daniel (DNB00)" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 15. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  24. ^ "Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714". British History Online. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  25. ^ Willis, Browne (1750). Notitia Parliamentaria, Part II: A Series or Lists of the Representatives in the several Parliaments held from the Reformation 1541, to the Restoration 1660 ... London. pp. 229–239.
  26. ^ a b Senior 1927, pp. 338-339

Bibliography[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Euryalus/JohnKing&oldid=963976349"