User:HistorianL/sandbox

1969 Confederate States presidential election
199 members of the Electoral College; 98 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	71.2% 2.1 pp
President before election; George Wallace; Southern Independence	Elected President ; John Bell Williams; Southern Independence

1963 Confederate States presidential election
216 members of the Electoral College; 110 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	69.1% 2.3 pp
President before election; Strom Thurmond; Southern Independence	Elected President ; George Wallace; Southern Independence

1788-89 United States presidential election
69 members of the Electoral College; 35 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	18.2% 13.8 pp
President before election; Office established;	Elected President ; George Washington; Independent

No.^[a]	Name (Birth–Death)	Term			President
1	John Adams (1735–1826)	April 30, 1789 - March 4, 1797	Pro-Administration	1788–89	George Washington
1	John Adams (1735–1826)	April 30, 1789 - March 4, 1797	Federalist	1792	George Washington
2	Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)	March 4, 1797 - March 4, 1801	Democratic-Republican	1796	John Adams
3	Aaron Burr (1756–1836)	March 4, 1801 - March 4, 1805	Democratic-Republican	1800	Thomas Jefferson
4	George Clinton (1739–1812)	March 4, 1805 - April 12, 1812	Democratic-Republican	1804	Thomas Jefferson
4	George Clinton (1739–1812)	March 4, 1805 - April 12, 1812	Democratic-Republican	1808	James Madison
Office vacant April 12, 1812 - March 4, 1813
5	Elbridge Gerry (1744–1814)	March 4, 1813 - November 23, 1814	Democratic-Republican	1812	James Madison
5	Elbridge Gerry (1744–1814)	March 4, 1813 - November 23, 1814	Democratic-Republican	-	James Madison
Office vacant November 23, 1814 - March 4, 1817
6	Daniel D. Tompkins (1774–1825) ^[2]	March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825	Democratic-Republican	1816	James Monroe
6	Daniel D. Tompkins (1774–1825) ^[2]	March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825	Democratic-Republican	1820	James Monroe
7	John C. Calhoun^[c] (1782–1850) ^[3]	March 4, 1825 – December 28, 1832	Democratic-Republican	1824	John Quincy Adams
7	John C. Calhoun^[c] (1782–1850) ^[3]	March 4, 1825 – December 28, 1832	Nullifier^[d]	1828	Andrew Jackson
Office vacant December 28, 1832 - March 4, 1833
8	Martin Van Buren (1782–1862)	March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1837	Democratic	1832	Andrew Jackson
9	Tobias Norton (1793–1868)	March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841	Democratic-Republican	1836	Davy Crockett
10	George E. Russell (1790–1880)	March 4, 1841 – March 4, 1845	Democratic-Republican	1840	Davy Crockett
11	Theodore Frelinghuysen (1787–1862)	March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849	Whig	1844	Henry Clay
12	Millard Fillmore (1800–1874)	March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850^[e]	Whig	1848	Zachary Taylor
Office vacant July 9, 1850 - March 4, 1853
13	William A. Graham (1804–1875)	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857	Whig	1852	Winfield Scott
14	William L. Dayton (1807–1864)	March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861	Republican	1856	John C. Frémont
15	Hannibal Hamlin (1809–1891)	March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1869	Republican	1860 1864	Abraham Lincoln
16	Schuylar Colfax (1807–1864)	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1873	Republican	1868	Ulysses S. Grant
17	Henry Wilson (1807–1864)	March 4, 1873 – November 22, 1875	Republican	1872	Ulysses S. Grant
Office vacant November 22, 1875 - March 4, 1877
18	WIlliam A. Wheeler (1819–1887)	March 4, 1877 – November 10, 1878	Republican	1876	Rutherford B. Hayes
19	Abraham Lincoln (1809–1902)	November 10, 1878 – March 4, 1881	Republican	-	Rutherford B. Hayes
20	Chester A. Arthur (1829–1886)	March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881	Republican	1880	James A. Garfield
Office vacant September 19, 1881 - March 4, 1885
21	Thomas A. Hendricks (1819–1885)	March 4, 1885 – November 25, 1885	Democratic	1884	Grover Cleveland
Office vacant November 25, 1885 - March 4, 1889
22	Levi P. Morton (1824–1920)	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893	Republican	1888	Benjamin Harison
23	Adlai Stevenson (1834–1914)	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897	Democratic	1892	Grover Cleveland
24	Garret Hobart (1844–1899)	March 4, 1897 – November 21, 1899	Republican	1896	William McKinley
Office vacant November 21, 1899 - March 4, 1901
25	Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1943)	March 4, 1901 – September 14, 1901	Republican	1900	William McKinley
Office vacant September 14, 1901 - March 4, 1905
26	Charles W. Fairbanks (1858–1928)	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1921	Republican	1904	Theodore Roosevelt
				1908
				1912
				1916	Charles E. Hughes
27	Calvin Coolidge (1878–1958)	March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923	Republican	1920	Warren G. Harding
Office vacant August 2, 1923 - March 4, 1925
28	Henry Ford (1863–1947)	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1929	Democratic	1924	Calvin Coolidge
29	Charles Curtis (1860–1936)	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933	Republican	1928	Herbert Hoover
30	John Nance Garner (1868–1940)	March 4, 1933 – March 4, 1937	Democratic	1932	Franklin D. Roosevelt
31	Thomas E. Dewey (1902–1987)	March 4, 1937 – November 9, 1939^[f]	Republican	1936	Charles F. Adams III
Office vacant November 9, 1939 - August 7, 1942
32	Henry A. Wallace (1888–1989)	August 7, 1942^[g] – January 20, 1945	Democratic	-	Franklin D. Roosevelt
33	Harry S. Truman (1884–1972)	January 20, 1945 – January 20, 1949	Democratic	1944	Henry A. Wallace
34	John Sparkman (1899–1985)	January 20, 1949 – January 20, 1953	Democratic	1948	Adlai Stevenson II
35	Richard Nixon (1917–2004)	January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961	Republican	1952	Dwight D. Eisenhower
35	Richard Nixon (1917–2004)	January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961	Republican	1956	Dwight D. Eisenhower
36	Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (1902-2005)	January 20, 1961 – January 20, 1965^[h]	Republican	1960	Richard Nixon
37	Harland David Sanders (1890-1993)	January 20, 1965 – January 20, 1969	Republican	1964	Richard Nixon
38	Lyndon B. Johnson (1908–1973)	January 20, 1969 – January 20, 1973	Democratic	1968	John F. Kennedy
39	Robert F. Kennedy (1925–2020)	January 20, 1973 – January 20, 1977	Democratic	1972	John F. Kennedy
40	Eugene McCarthy (1916–2005)	January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981	Democratic	1976	Robert F. Kennedy
41	Walter Mondale (1928-2021)	January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1985	Democratic	1980	Jimmy Carter
42	George H. W. Bush (b. 1924)	January 20, 1985 – January 20, 1993	Republican	1984	Ronald Reagan
42	George H. W. Bush (b. 1924)	January 20, 1985 – January 20, 1993	Republican	1988	Ronald Reagan
43	Dan Quayle (b. 1947)	January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001	Republican	1992	George H. W. Bush
43	Dan Quayle (b. 1947)	January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001	Republican	1996	George H. W. Bush
44	Dick Cheney (b. 1947)	January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2013	Republican	2000	George W. Bush
			Republican	2004
			Republican	2008
45	Sarah Palin (b. 1964)	January 20, 2013– January 20, 2017	Republican	2012	John McCain
46	Mitt Romney (1964-2020)	January 20, 2017– August 25, 2018	Republican	2016	John McCain
47	Paul Ryan (b. 1970)	August 25, 2018– January 1, 2020	Republican	-	Mitt Romney
Office vacant January 1, 2020 - January 20, 2021
48	Alex Trebek (b. 1940)	January 1, 2021–	Independent	2020	Fred Rogers

No.^[i]	Name (Birth–Death)	Term^[4]		Election	Vice President^[6]
1	George Washington (1732–1799)	April 30, 1789 - March 4, 1797	Unaffiliated	1788–1789 1792	John Adams
2	John Adams (1735–1826)	March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801	Federalist	1796	Thomas Jefferson^[k]
3	Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)	March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809	Democratic- Republican	1800 1804	Aaron Burr George Clinton
4	James Madison (1751–1836)	March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817	Democratic- Republican	1808 1812	George Clinton^[e] Vacant after April 20, 1812 Elbridge Gerry^[e] Vacant after November 23, 1814
5	James Monroe (1758–1831)	March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825	Democratic- Republican	1816 1820	Daniel D. Tompkins
6	John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)	March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829	Democratic- Republican^[l] National Republican	1824	John C. Calhoun^[m]
7	Andrew Jackson (1767–1845)	March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837	Democratic	1828 1832	John C. Calhoun^[n] Vacant after December 28, 1832 Martin Van Buren
8	Davy Crockett (1786–1871)	March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1845	Democratic- Republican	1836 1840	Tobias Norton George E. Russell
9	Henry Clay (1777–1852)	March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849	Whig	1844	Theodore Frelinghuysen
10	Zachary Taylor (1784–1850) ^[11]	March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850^[e]	Whig	1848	Millard Fillmore
11	Millard Fillmore (1800–1874)	July 9, 1850^[o] – March 4, 1853	Whig	–	Vacant throughout presidency
12	Winfield Scott (1786–1876)	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857	Whig^[p]	1852	William A. Graham
13	John C. Frémont (1809–1896)	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857	Republican	1856	William L. Dayton
14	Abraham Lincoln (1809–1902)	March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1869	Republican	1860 1864	Hannibal Hamlin
15	Ulysses S. Grant (1822–1900)	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877	Republican	1868 1872	Schuylar Colfax Henry Wilson Vacant after November 22, 1875
16	Rutherford B. Hayes (1822–1893)	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881	Republican	1876	William A. Wheeler (until November 10, 1878) Abraham Lincoln (from November 10, 1878)
17	James A. Garfield (1831–1881)	March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881	Republican	1880	Chester A. Arthur
18	Chester A. Arthur (1829–1886)	September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1889	Republican	–	Vacant throughout presidency
19	Grover Cleveland (1837–1908)	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889	Democratic	1884	Thomas A. Hendricks Vacant after November 25, 1885
20	Benjamin Harrison (1833–1901)	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893	Republican	1888	Levi P. Morton
21	Grover Cleveland (1837–1908)	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897	Democratic	1892	Adlai E. Stevenson I
22	William McKinley (1843–1901)	March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901	Republican	1896 1900	Garret Hobart Vacant after November 21, 1899 Theodore Roosevelt
23	Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1943)	September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1917	Republican	1904 1908 1912	Vacant through March 4, 1905 Charles W. Fairbanks
24	Charles E. Hughes (1862–1953)	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1921	Republican	1916	Vacant through March 4, 1905 Charles W. Fairbanks
25	Warren G. Harding (1855–1923)	March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923	Republican	1920	Calvin Coolidge
26	Calvin Coolidge (1872–1958)	August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929	Republican	- 1924	Vacant through March 4, 1925 Henry Ford
27	Herbert Hoover (1874–1964)	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933	Republican	1928	Charles Curtis
28	Franklin D. Roosevelt (1883–1948)	March 4, 1933 – January 20, 1937	Democratic	1932	John Nance Garner
29	Charles F. Adams III (1886–1956)	March 4, 1933 – July 15, 1939	Republican	1936	Thomas E. Dewey
Office vacant from November 4, 1939 – August 10th 1942
30	Franklin D. Roosevelt (1883–1948)	August 10, 1942 – January 20, 1945	Democratic	1940	Henry A. Wallace
31	Henry A. Wallace (1888–1989)	January 20, 1945 – January 20, 1949	Democratic	1944	Harry S. Truman
32	Adlai E. Stevenson II (1900–1987)	January 20, 1949 – January 20, 1953	Democratic	1948	John Sparkman
33	Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890–1969)	January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961	Republican	1952 1956	Richard Nixon
34	Richard Nixon (1913–2004)	January 20, 1961 – January 20, 1969	Republican	1960 1964	Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. Harland Sanders
35	John F. Kennedy (1913–2004)	January 20, 1969 – January 20, 1977	Democratic	1968 1972	Lyndon B. Johnson Robert F. Kennedy
36	Robert F. Kennedy (1925–2020)	January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981	Democratic	1976	Eugene McCarthy
37	Jimmy Carter (b. 1924)	January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1985	Democratic	1980	Walter Mondale
38	Ronald Reagan (1911-2011)	January 20, 1985 – January 20, 1993	Republican	1984 1988	George H. W. Bush
39	George H. W. Bush (b. 1924)	January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001	Republican	1992 1996	Dan Quayle
40	George W. Bush (b. 1946)	January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2013	Republican	2000 2004 2008	Dick Cheney
41	John McCain (1946-2018)	January 20, 2013 – August 25, 2018	Republican	2012 2016	Sarah Palin Mitt Romney
42	Mitt Romney (1964-2020)	August 25, 2018 – January 1, 2020	Republican	-	Vacant through September 3, 2018 Paul Ryan
43	Paul Ryan (b. 1970)	January 1, 2020 – January 20, 2021	Republican	-	Vacant throughout presidency
44	Fred Rogers (b. 1928)	January 20, 2021 -Incumbent	Unaffiliated	2020	Bob Ross

1984 United States presidential election

← 1980

November 6, 1984

1988 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

66.2%

7.3 pp


Nominee	Ronald Reagan	Gary Hart
Party	Republican	Democratic
Home state	California	Colorado
Running mate	George H. W. Bush	George McGovern
Electoral vote	438	100
States carried	37	13 + DC + ME-02
Popular vote	43,075,120	39,483,203
Percentage	51.5%	47.2%

President before election

Ronald Reagan
Republican

Elected President

Ronald Reagan
Republican

1988 United States presidential election

← 1984

November 4, 1988

199 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

61.0%

5.2 pp


Nominee	George H. W. Bush	Richard Gephardt
Party	Republican	Democratic
Home state	Texas	Missouri
Running mate	Dan Quayle	Al Gore
Electoral vote	326	212
States carried	27	23 + DC + ME-02
Popular vote	17,283,402	15,230,011
Percentage	54.0%	47.6%

President before election

Ronald Reagan
Republican

Elected President

George H. W. Bush
Republican

1992 United States presidential election

← 1988

November 3, 1992

1996 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

66.2%

5.0 pp


Nominee	Ross Perot	Jerry Brown	George H. W. Bush
Party	Independent	Democratic	Republican
Home state	Texas	California	Texas
Running mate	James Stockdale	Bob Graham	Dan Quayle
Electoral vote	370	168	59
States carried	38	5 + DC	7
Popular vote	19,203,728	8,209,108	5,041,230
Percentage	60.5%	28.9%	10.6%

President before election

George H. W. Bush
Republican

Elected President

Ross Perot
Independent

1996 United States presidential election

← 1992

November 5, 1996

2000 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

51.7%

6.4 pp


Nominee	Bill Clinton	Bob Dole	Ross Perot
Party	Democratic	Republican	Reform
Home state	Arkansas	Kansas	Texas
Running mate	Al Gore	Jack Kemp	James Stockdale
Electoral vote	326	212	0
States carried	26 + DC	24 + ME-01	0
Popular vote	9,290,304	8,367,054	6,509,203
Percentage	38.4%	34.6%	26.9%

President before election

Ross Perot
Reform

Elected President

Bill Clinton
Democratic

2000 United States presidential election

← 1996

November 7, 2000

2004 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

58.4%

6.7 pp


Nominee	Bill Clinton	George W. Bush
Party	Democratic	Republican
Home state	Arkansas	Texas
Running mate	Al Gore	Dick Cheney
Electoral vote	348	190
States carried	27 + DC	23
Popular vote	20,203,132	19,102,480
Percentage	50.5%	47.8%

President before election

Bill Clinton
Democratic

Elected President

Bill Clinton
Democratic

2004 United States presidential election

← 2000

November 2, 2004

2008 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win


Nominee	John McCain	Al Gore
Party	Republican	Democratic
Home state	Texas	Tennessee
Running mate	Joe Lieberman	John Kerry
Electoral vote	379	159
States carried	34	16 + DC + ME-02
Popular vote	13,204,340	11,209,301
Percentage	50.0%	42.4%

President before election

Bill Clinton
Democratic

Elected President

John McCain
Republican

^ The U.S. vice presidents are counted according to uninterrupted periods of time served by the same person. For example, John Adams served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first vice president (not the first and second). Likewise, George Clinton is counted as the fourth and John Calhoun as the seventh, even though each one's consecutive terms in office were served under more than one president. Following the resignation of 39th vice president Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford became the 40th vice president even though he was chosen to serve out the remainder of Agnew's second term. Then, after Ford succeeded to the presidency later in that same term, Nelson Rockefeller became the 41st vice president and served out the remainder of the term.
^ Reflects the vice president's political party at the start of their vice presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.
^ Resigned from office
^ John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the political coalition emerging around Jackson.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Died in office^[8]
^ President Charles F. Adams III would declare the office of the Vice-Presidency to be dissolved on this day, with the Presidency and the United States being dissolved and transferred to the Axis Powers on November 11, 1939, 28 years to the date that Germany lost World War II. Hitler would call it "a act of glory given by God to our glorious Aryan race"
^ Acting Vice-President from August 7, 1942 to January 20, 1943
^ Lodge was originally re-nominated on the 1964 GOP Ticket with President Nixon, but would fall into a deep coma for many months, not waking up until March 1965. Due to this, he was replaced on the ticket by Kentucky Governor Harland Sanders, who would go on to become the 37th Vice-President. Senate PPT Carl Hayden would fill the duties for VP for the rest of Lodge's term
^ Presidents are numbered according to uninterrupted periods served by the same person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A vice president who temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution is not counted, because the president remains in office during such a period.
^ Reflects the president's political party at the start of their presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the vice president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.
^ The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.^[7]
^ Early during John Quincy Adams' term, the Democratic-Republican Party dissolved; his allies in Congress and at the state level were referred to as "Adams' Men" during the Adams presidency. When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829, this group became the "Anti-Jackson" opposition, and organized themselves as the National Republican Party.^[9]
^ John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to oppose the Tariff of 1828 and advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson.^[10]
^ Resigned from office^[8]
^ Millard Fillmore succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Zachary Taylor.^[12]
^ Scott was the last member of the Whig Party to occupy the White House before its merger with the Republican Party in 1858

^ "National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present". United States Election Project. CQ Press.
^ "Daniel D. Tompkins (1817–1825) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
^ "John C. Calhoun (1825–1829) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
^ LOC; whitehouse.gov.
^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), pp. 257–258.
^ LOC.
^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 274.
^ ^a ^b Neale (2004), p. 22.
^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 228; Goldman (1951), p. 159.
^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 892; Houpt (2010), pp. 26, 280.
^ Smith (2000).
^ Abbott (2005), p. 639.

[2] The U.S. vice presidents are counted according to uninterrupted periods of time served by the same person. For example, John Adams served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first vice president (not the first and second). Likewise, George Clinton is counted as the fourth and John Calhoun as the seventh, even though each one's consecutive terms in office were served under more than one president. Following the resignation of 39th vice president Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford became the 40th vice president even though he was chosen to serve out the remainder of Agnew's second term. Then, after Ford succeeded to the presidency later in that same term, Nelson Rockefeller became the 41st vice president and served out the remainder of the term.

[p-3] Reflects the vice president's political party at the start of their vice presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.

[resigned-5] Resigned from office

[7] John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the political coalition emerging around Jackson.

[diedintraterm-8] Died in office^[8]

[9] President Charles F. Adams III would declare the office of the Vice-Presidency to be dissolved on this day, with the Presidency and the United States being dissolved and transferred to the Axis Powers on November 11, 1939, 28 years to the date that Germany lost World War II. Hitler would call it "a act of glory given by God to our glorious Aryan race"

[10] Acting Vice-President from August 7, 1942 to January 20, 1943

[11] Lodge was originally re-nominated on the 1964 GOP Ticket with President Nixon, but would fall into a deep coma for many months, not waking up until March 1965. Due to this, he was replaced on the ticket by Kentucky Governor Harland Sanders, who would go on to become the 37th Vice-President. Senate PPT Carl Hayden would fill the duties for VP for the rest of Lodge's term

[12] Presidents are numbered according to uninterrupted periods served by the same person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A vice president who temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution is not counted, because the president remains in office during such a period.

[14] Reflects the president's political party at the start of their presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the vice president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.

[18] The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.^[7]

[JQAdams-21] Early during John Quincy Adams' term, the Democratic-Republican Party dissolved; his allies in Congress and at the state level were referred to as "Adams' Men" during the Adams presidency. When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829, this group became the "Anti-Jackson" opposition, and organized themselves as the National Republican Party.^[9]

[23] John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to oppose the Tariff of 1828 and advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson.^[10]

[resignedintraterm-24] Resigned from office^[8]

[27] Millard Fillmore succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Zachary Taylor.^[12]

[28] Scott was the last member of the Whig Party to occupy the White House before its merger with the Republican Party in 1858

[1] "National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present". United States Election Project. CQ Press.

[4] "Daniel D. Tompkins (1817–1825) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.

[6] "John C. Calhoun (1825–1829) – Vice President". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.

[FOOTNOTELOCwhitehouse.gov-13] LOC; whitehouse.gov.

[FOOTNOTE''Guide_to_U.S._Elections''2010257–258-15] Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), pp. 257–258.

[FOOTNOTELOC-16] LOC.

[FOOTNOTE''Guide_to_U.S._Elections''2010274-17] Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 274.

[FOOTNOTENeale200422-19] Neale (2004), p. 22.

[FOOTNOTE''Guide_to_U.S._Elections''2010228Goldman1951159-20] Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 228; Goldman (1951), p. 159.

[FOOTNOTE''Guide_to_U.S._Elections''2010892Houpt201026,_280-22] Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 892; Houpt (2010), pp. 26, 280.

[FOOTNOTESmith2000-25] Smith (2000).

[FOOTNOTEAbbott2005639-26] Abbott (2005), p. 639.

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