User:Mr. Ibrahem/Baclofen

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Mr. Ibrahem/Baclofen
Clinical data
Trade namesLioresal, Liofen, Gablofen, others
Other namesβ-(4-chlorophenyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid (β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA)
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intrathecal
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityWell-absorbed
Protein binding30%
Metabolism85% excreted in urine/faeces unchanged. 15% metabolised by deamination
Elimination half-life1.5 to 4 hours
ExcretionRenal (70–80%)
Identifiers
  • (RS)-4-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC10H12ClNO2
Molar mass213.66 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
  • ClC1=CC=C(C(CC(O)=O)CN)C=C1
  • InChI=1S/C10H12ClNO2/c11-9-3-1-7(2-4-9)8(6-12)5-10(13)14/h1-4,8H,5-6,12H2,(H,13,14) checkY
  • Key:KPYSYYIEGFHWSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat muscle spasticity such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.[1][2] It may also be used for hiccups and muscle spasms near the end of life.[2] It is taken by mouth or by delivery into the spinal canal.[1]

Common side effects include sleepiness, weakness, and dizziness.[1] Serious side effects may occur if baclofen is rapidly stopped including seizures and rhabdomyolysis.[1] Use in pregnancy is of unclear safety while use during breastfeeding is probably safe.[4] It is believed to work by decreasing neurotransmitters.[1]

Baclofen was approved for medical use in the United States in 1977.[1] It is available as a generic medication.[2] At a dose of 50mg/day, a month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £5.50 as of 2020.[2] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$8.40.[5] In 2017, it was the 140th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than four million prescriptions.[6][7]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Baclofen Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d e BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 1190-1191. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  3. ^ a b "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Baclofen Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  5. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  6. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  7. ^ "Baclofen - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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