User:Mr. Ibrahem/Chlorphenamine

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Not to be confused with Chlorphenacemide.

Mr. Ibrahem/Chlorphenamine
Clinical data
Pronunciationklor" fen ir' a meen[1]
Trade namesChlor-Trimeton; Piriton
Other namesChlorpheniramine maleate[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682543
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A
Routes of
administration		By mouth, IV, IM, SC
Drug class1st-generation antihistamine[2]
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability25 to 50%
Protein binding72%
MetabolismLiver (CYP2D6)
Onset of actionWith 6 hr[2]
Elimination half-life13.9–43.4 hours[3]
Duration of action~24 hr[2]
ExcretionKidney
Identifiers
  • 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-amine
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC16H19ClN2
Molar mass274.79 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Solubility in water0.55 g/100 mL, liquid mg/mL (20 °C)
  • Clc1ccc(cc1)C(c2ncccc2)CCN(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C16H19ClN2/c1-19(2)12-10-15(16-5-3-4-11-18-16)13-6-8-14(17)9-7-13/h3-9,11,15H,10,12H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:SOYKEARSMXGVTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Chlorphenamine (CP, CPM), also known as chlorpheniramine, is an antihistamine used to treat the symptoms of allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis (hay fever).[2] It is taken by mouth.[2] The medication takes effect within 6 hours and lasts for about a day.[2]

Common side effects include sleepiness, restlessness, and weakness.[2] Other side effects may include dry mouth and wheeziness.[2] There is no evidence of harm in the first two trimesters of pregnancy; though use is not recommended in later pregnancy.[5][2] It is a first-generation antihistamine and works by blocking the H1 receptor.[2]

Chlorphenamine was patented in 1948 and came into medical use in 1949.[6] It is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[2][7] In the United Kingdom 28 tablets of 4 mg costs the NHS about £2 as of 2021.[5] This amount in the United States costs about 0.80 USD.[8] It is present in many combination products and is commonly used.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Brompheniramine". LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dexchlorpheniramine Maleate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  3. ^ Yasuda SU, Wellstein A, Likhari P, Barbey JT, Woosley RL (1995). "Chlorpheniramine plasma concentration and histamine H1-receptor occupancy". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 58 (2): 210–20. doi:10.1016/0009-9236(95)90199-X. PMID 7648771.
  4. ^ a b "CHLORPHENAMINE = CHLORPHENIRAMINE oral - Essential drugs". medicalguidelines.msf.org. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  5. ^ a b BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 299. ISBN 978-0857114105.
  6. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 546. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  7. ^ "Over-the-Counter Medicines for Allergies". HealthLink BC. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  8. ^ "Compare Chlorpheniramine Prices - GoodRx". GoodRx. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
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