User:Mr. Ibrahem/Citalopram

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Mr. Ibrahem/Citalopram
(R)-(−)-citalopram (top),
(S)-(+)-citalopram (bottom)
Clinical data
Pronunciation/saɪˈtæləˌpræm, sɪ-/;[1]
Trade namesCelexa, Cipramil, others (see below)
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa699001
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)[2]
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80%
peak at 4 h[2]
MetabolismLiver (CYP3A4 and CYP2C19)
MetabolitesDesmethylcitalopram (DCT) and didesmethylcitalopram (DDCT)
Elimination half-life35 h
ExcretionMostly as unmetabolized citalopram, partly DCT and traces of DDCT in urine
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-carbonitrile
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC20H21FN2O
Molar mass324.399 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
  • Fc1ccc(cc1)C3(OCc2cc(C#N)ccc23)CCCN(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C20H21FN2O/c1-23(2)11-3-10-20(17-5-7-18(21)8-6-17)19-9-4-15(13-22)12-16(19)14-24-20/h4-9,12H,3,10-11,14H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Citalopram, sold under the brand name Celexa among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.[2] It is used to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and social phobia.[2] The antidepressant effects may take one to four weeks to occur.[2] It is taken by mouth.[2]

Common side effects include nausea, trouble sleeping, sexual problems, shakiness, feeling tired, and sweating.[2] Serious side effects include an increased risk of suicide in those under the age of 25, serotonin syndrome, glaucoma, and QT prolongation.[2] It should not be used in someone on a MAO inhibitor.[2] Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome may occur when stopped.[2] There are concerns that use during pregnancy may harm the baby.[4]

Citalopram was approved for medical use in the United States in 1998.[2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as an alternative to fluoxetine.[5] It is available as a generic medication.[6] In the United Kingdom, a typical dose costs the NHS less than 20 GBP per month.[6] In the United States, it costs 50 to 100 USD per month as of 2016.[7] In 2017, it was the 26th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 24 million prescriptions.[8][9]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Citalopram". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Citalopram Hydrobromide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. AHFS. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  3. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Citalopram (Celexa) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  5. ^ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
  6. ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 361. ISBN 9780857113382.
  7. ^ Tarascon Pharmacopoeia 2017 Professional Desk Reference Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2016. p. 440. ISBN 9781284118957. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  8. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  9. ^ "Citalopram Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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