User:Mr. Ibrahem/Rhinitis
| Rhinitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Coryza[1] |
 | |
| Allergic rhinitis, a type of rhinitis | |
| Pronunciation |
|
| Specialty | Infectious disease, allergist |
| Symptoms | Stuffy nose, runny nose,[4] sneezing[5] |
| Duration | Acute, chronic[4] |
| Types | Allergic, infectious, non-allergic, anatomic[6] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms[5] |
| Treatment | Avoiding triggers, antihistamines, nasal steroids, immunotherapy[7] |
| Frequency | Very common[7] |
Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is swelling and inflammation of the mucous membranes inside the nose, resulting in the feeling of a runny or stuffy nose.[4] Other symptoms may include an itchy nose or eyes, watery eyes, or sneezing.[5][8][9] It can negatively affect quality of life.[7]
The most common causes are allergies and the common cold.[5] Other causes may include irritants like smoke or weather changes.[7] Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms.[5] It is divided into four main groups allergic, infectious, non-allergic, and anatomical.[6] Non-allergic includes vasomotor; irritant; drug-induced, including rhinitis medicamentosa; hormonal; atrophic; CSF leak; and nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES).[9][6]
Treatment of allergic disease includes avoiding triggers, antihistamines, nasal steroids, and immunotherapy.[7][5] Nasal steroids may also be used for non-allergic cases.[7] Nasal decongestant should not be used for more than 3 or 4 days.[5]
Rhinitis is very common.[7] In the United States allergic rhinitis is estimated to affect up to 58 million people while non-allergic rhinitis is estimated to affect up to 30 million people.[6] Vasomotor rhinitis is the most common non-allergic type.[6] About a third of cases may have a mix of nonallergic and allergic rhinitis.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ "Rhinitis". fpnotebook.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
- ^ "rhinitis | Definition, meaning & more | Collins Dictionary". www.collinsdictionary.com. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
- ^ "coryza | Definition, meaning & more | Collins Dictionary". www.collinsdictionary.com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
- ^ a b c Murr, Andrew H. (2020). "398. Approach to the patient with nose, sinus and ear disorders". In Goldman, Lee; Schafer, Andrew I. (eds.). Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Vol. 2 (26th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 2548–2556. ISBN 978-0-323-53266-2. Archived from the original on 2022-05-27. Retrieved 2022-05-27.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Rhinitis - Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders". Merck Manuals Consumer Version. Archived from the original on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f Kaliner, Michael A (2009-06-15). "Classification of Nonallergic Rhinitis Syndromes With a Focus on Vasomotor Rhinitis, Proposed to be Known henceforth as Nonallergic Rhinopathy". The World Allergy Organization Journal. 2 (6): 98–101. doi:10.1097/WOX.0b013e3181a9d55b. ISSN 1939-4551. PMC 3650985. PMID 24229372.
- ^ a b c d e f g Tran, NP; Vickery, J; Blaiss, MS (July 2011). "Management of rhinitis: allergic and non-allergic". Allergy, asthma & immunology research. 3 (3): 148–56. doi:10.4168/aair.2011.3.3.148. PMID 21738880.
- ^ White, Veronica; Ruperelia, Prina (2020). "28. Respiratory disease". In Feather, Adam; Randall, David; Waterhouse, Mona (eds.). Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine (10th ed.). Elsevier. p. 945. ISBN 978-0-7020-7870-5.
- ^ a b Quillen, DM; Feller, DB (1 May 2006). "Diagnosing rhinitis: allergic vs. nonallergic". American family physician. 73 (9): 1583–90. PMID 16719251.