User:Mr. Ibrahem/Viloxazine
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Qelbree, Vivalan,[1] Emovit, others |
| Other names | ICI-58834; SPN-812; SPN-809 |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| License data |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Antidepressant; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 76–82%[2] |
| Metabolism | Hydroxylation (CYP2D6), glucuronidation (UGT1A9, UGT2B15)[2] |
| Metabolites | 5-Hydroxyviloxazine glucuronide[2] |
| Elimination half-life | IR: 2–5 hours[3] ER: 7.02 ± 4.74 hours[2] |
| Excretion | Urine (~90%), feces (<1%)[2][4] |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C13H19NO3 |
| Molar mass | 237.299 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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Viloxazine, sold under the brand name Qelbree among others, is a medication which is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).[2] It is taken by mouth.[2] It was used for almost 30 years for depression before being discontinued due to commercial reasons.[6] The original formulation was immediate-release while that used for ADHD in extended-release.[6]
Side effects include trouble sleeping, headache, sleepiness, tiredness, nausea, dry mouth, constipation, irritability, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure.[2] Rarely, it may cause suicidal thoughts or behaviors or result in mania in people with bipolar.[2] There is a low risk of misuse.[6] It is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI).[2]
Viloxazine was patented in 1969 and approved for medical use in the United Kingdom in 1974.[6][7] It was not approved in the United States at this time.[8] It was repurposed and approved in the United States in 2021.[6][2] It is not a controlled substance.[9] In the United States it costs about 325 USD per month for a dose of 200 mg per day.[10]
References[edit]
- ^ Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (ed.). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1093–. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1. Archived from the original on 2022-05-03. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Qelbree- viloxazine hydrochloride capsule, extended release". DailyMed. Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ^ Pinder RM, Brogden RN, Speight TM, Avery GS (June 1977). "Viloxazine: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness". Drugs. 13 (6): 401–21. doi:10.2165/00003495-197713060-00001. PMID 324751. S2CID 44804763.
- ^ Case DE, Reeves PR (February 1975). "The disposition and metabolism of I.C.I. 58,834 (viloxazine) in humans". Xenobiotica. 5 (2): 113–29. doi:10.3109/00498257509056097. PMID 1154799.
- ^ "SID 180462-- PubChem Substance Summary". Archived from the original on 14 June 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2005.
- ^ a b c d e Findling RL, Candler SA, Nasser AF, Schwabe S, Yu C, Garcia-Olivares J, O'Neal W, Newcorn JH (June 2021). "Viloxazine in the Management of CNS Disorders: A Historical Overview and Current Status". CNS Drugs. 35 (6): 643–653. doi:10.1007/s40263-021-00825-w. PMC 8219567. PMID 34003459.
- ^ Sneader, Walter (31 October 2005). Drug Discovery: A History. John Wiley & Sons. p. 195. ISBN 978-0-470-01552-0. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
- ^ Stolerman, Ian (31 July 2010). Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 817. ISBN 978-3-540-68698-9. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
- ^ "Viloxazine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
- ^ "Qelbree". Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.