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Kanaker Hydro Power Plant
The Kanaker hydroelectric power plant along the Hrazdan river near Yerevan's Arabkir district
Country	Armenia
Location	Kanaker
Coordinates	40°13′21.42″N 44°30′47.80″E
Status	Active
Power generation
Nameplate capacity	102 MW (137,000 hp)

Kanaker HPP is situated on the Hrazdan River and uses irrigation waters of lake Sevan and Hrazdan river’s tributaries. It is next to the Rusal Armenia aluminum smelter in Kanaker and has an installed electric capacity of 102 megawatts (137,000 hp).

History

Kanaker HPP was built in 1936. It did not operate on its full capacity starting from the beginning. From 1995 the 5th energy unit was unable to operate. And starting from 2000, the 6th energy block was out of use as well. The Kanaker HPP started its full operation history from the January of 2003 when the 5th and 6th energy blocks were reset for full production.  

Structure

Kanaker HPP has 7 major structural components: headworks, diversions, daily pond and head pond, penstock, spillway, powerhouse, switchyard and control panel. Headworks are comprised of spillway dam, two pouring sluice and water inlet with two openings. The length of the canals is 8.5km. The volume of the daily pond is as big as 150 000 m3. The daily pond is directly connected witht he head pond. There are 4 penstocks that are originated from the general pressure chamber, and the first two are feeding 2 units accordingly, and the other 2 are feeding 2 units as well.

Power Capacity

Kanaker HPP is among the Sevan-Hrazdan HPP cascade, where 6 other HPPs are included: Sevan Hydro Power Plant, Hrazdan Hydro Power Plant, Argel Hydro Power Plant, Arzni Hydro Power Plant, Yerevan 1 Hydro Power Plant and Yerevan 3 Hydro Power Plant. The installed capacity of Kanaker HPP is 102 megawatts. The cumulative installed capacity of Sevan-Hrazdan HPP complex is 559.4 mw. Their projected annual output is 2.32 billion kWh.  

Taking into account the average production percent of electric power during the years 2004-2013, Kanaker Hydro Power Plant produced 22.78% of the total production, which is much more higher in comparison to Sevan, Hrazdan or Yerevan 1 Hydro Power Plants.  

Environmental impact

Kanaker Hydroelectric Power Plant does not pollute the air or the water. However, it has its impact on natural habitants of river and surrounding land.

Firstly, Kanaker Hydroelectric Power Plant is adjacent to Hrazdan River. It is known by its different fish species, including Sevan trout, coregonus, crucian carp, crayfish etc. Consisting of dam, Kanaker Hydroelectric Power Plant disturbs the migration and natural flow of these fishes and contributes the creation of unwilling circumstances for them. It also may increase the temperature of the water sometimes, contributing to the less levels of the dissolved oxygen level (less than 5%).

Secondly, it is using some land. Although, it mostly is operating on the water, however, it uses also some land nearby for stability and generation of electricity.

See also

• Hydroelectricity
• Lists of hydroelectric power stations
• List of largest power stations in the world

References

• Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources of Armenia (2012). "Hydro Energy". Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources of Armenia. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |acessdate= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

• IEC CJSC (2013). "Kanaker HPP". "RusHydro" International Energy CorporationSociety. Retrieved December 12, 2015. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)