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Deva
Deva
Town
	Deba
	Playa de Deva
	Deva
	Coordinates: 43°17′43″N 2°21′0″W / 43.29528°N 2.35000°W
Government
• Alcaldesa	Maider Zubicaray Beristáin (Alternatiba Eraikitzen, ALER)
Area
• Total	50.32 km2 (19.43 sq mi)
Elevation	10 m (30 ft)
Demonym(s)	devarés, sa
Website	www.deba.net

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Mutriku (Spanish Motrico) is a town located in the province of Gipuzkoa in the Autonomous Community of Basque Country in northern Spain. With a population of 4.973 inhabitants according to the data from 2008. It is the site of the world's first multi-turbine breakwater wave power station,^[2] inaugurated July 8, 2011. .

Etymology[edit]

There are two ways of writing the name of the town. Motrico is the traditional way and it has been the offical name since the XIII century until 1980. It's also considered as the formal way of calling the town in spanish. Although when we talk in Euskera the term Mutriku is used , witch got the officiality in 1980 the year it was adopted by the city hall. Nowadays it's considered as the official name of the town. Since 1989 Mutriku is the only oficial denomination taken by the BOE, therefor is the one used nowadays at official documents even in Spanish. At the Basque country is more often used the term Mutriku in order to refer to the town, even in spanish.

Abotu the origin of the etymology it has been agued a lot and with great passion. First of all we do not know if the name was created at the foundation of the town sirca 1209 or if it was older than that. Since in the offial document from XIII it appears the term Motriko, we can say that the name was there before it was founded.

Location and Access[edit]

At the NE limits of it's province, touching with Vizcaya, it lays upon rocky cliffs by the sea, where when the tie is low many bathing places and fishing spots apparead. The beaches are located at the river mouths of Deva and Artibay, the one ate Deva, as it's name says Ondarbeltz, has dark sand, while the one at Artibay river mouth has golden sands. At the center of the village we find a natural bay where the harbour lays, halfway between the two mouths. From this point the whole towns can be seen with its medieval style buildings.

Composition[edit]

Apart from the urban center where the 85% of the population lives, the village has 9 neighbourhoods: Astigarribia, Artzain Erreka, Galdona, ibiri, Laranga, Mijoa, Mizkia, Olabarrietaa and Olatz.

Hydrography and Terrain[edit]

Hydrography[edit]

The river Deva is the limit of the town to the east, some small rivulets born in the village come to him as the Olatzgoiko erreka, the Añoerreka, Jarrolatza erreka and Txokorrekua. On the western boundary so with the Artibai although in this case the river from city limit is the Mijoaerreka race that leads Saturraran beach in the bay at the mouth of Artibay. The Saturraran forms a small basin that collects water from Olatz and surrounding mountains with rivers: Errekabeltz, Armentxako erreka, Ziñoaetxeberriko erreka, Artzainerreka, Aldaberreka, Bidekoaerreka, Ondaberroerreka and Kurpitako erreka. Between these two watersheds, Deba and the Saturraran, another small basin that forms a small river that runs down from Kalbario and the valley which sits the town center and surrounding areas, these are: Errekaundi, Idurreko erreka, Leizarreko erreka , Maldomin erreka, Xoxuarterreka and Lasaoko erreka.

Terrain[edit]

The topography of Motrico is marked by the mount Arno (608 m) which rises above the town. It is a mass of limestone covered with oak and conifer native Cantabrian forest holdings. The terrain is very rugged with steep slopes on the narrow valleys. The coastline, cliffs, then the tidal platform of Guipuzcoa.

Economy[edit]

Mutriku's economy is tied to the sea. Fishing has been the main driver directly or indirectly, providing the raw material for canning factories. The primary sector, represented by clear fishing and suffering from the crisis. From inshore fishing fleet they only have a couple of boats left. Agriculture, which is developed in the rural districts, is for subsistence and surplus is sold in the markets of the region. Livestock is limited and insignificant. Logging focuses on insignis pine and other conifers.

The secondary sector, is still clearly developing. The canning industry, historically the main in the town, has given way to all kinds of metal processing workshops that connect with the major industry of the region. This has been possible for the adequacy of flat land in Saturraran river mouth, for the creation of industrial infrastructures. The main business of the municipality is currently a canning factory Yurrita e Hijos SA [1],Metec Motric SA . com, which manufactures medical instruments and sheltered workshopKatealegaia [2]

The service sector, with special relevance to tourism. The attractions of Mutriku are undeniable and has come to be a second home for many inhabitants from inner cityes. It has several camping facilities and a good supply of catering establishments. They share resources with neighboring Deva. The services are centralized in the region and trade is suitable for the needs of the residents.

History[edit]

The Jentilechea II and Iruroin Langacho caves testify by the findings made at them the occupation of these lands in prehistoric periods dating back to the Upper Paleolithic.

MUtriku was founded in 1209 by the Castilian king Alfonso VIII that granted the town letter and gave the right to build a wall to protect the city (there are still some remains of the wall).

The medieval town developed and built important palaces and tower houses belonging to aristocratic families and some others whose wealth came from commercial shipping and from the Navy carrers. In 1553 a fire destroyed much of the town just being saved some stone houses while all the woodden ones were lost.

At the end of the XIX century Evaristo de Churruca designs docks for the port. In the middle of XX they have beeen modified by Ramon Iribarren Cavanilles to correct wave problems within the dock. In the late twentieth century lack of development of the fishing sector raises an economic alternative, tourism. To solve the problems of port entry and the stability of the dock is designed and built a new seawall, but time outside the port. Using the works they started the installation of a sea wave electric plant, the first commercial center of this kind.

With the twenty-first century came a very important urban reform in order to improve its access. Building a direct access to the port for heavy traffic. As well as it improved the roads to Deva and Ondarroa.

Monuments[edit]

Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, a Neoclasical church with grat stairway for access, inside it has a Christ made by El Greco.
Palace Galdona, 'baroque façade with impressive coat of arms and a large overhang corner carving.
House Churruca, commissioned by the General Gaztañeta in 1731.
Zabiel Palace, Sixteenth century. Impressive eave and coat of arms.
Home of Churruca, XVIII century building with Churruca family coat of arms, here was born Cosme Damián Churruca.
Lonja Zaharra, eighteenth century building, former fish market. Today Navys social home.
Berriatúa Tower, Prior to 1553 with yellow sandstone. Impresive wood carving at doors and windows.
Montalivet Palace, Build by the arquitect Ignacio Ibero at the XVIII century.
House Olazarra-Mizquia, With stone façade from the XVII century, it has a great coat of arms
Church of San Andrés de Astigarribia, which has been considered one of the oldest in the province of Guipúzcoa for having pre romanic elements, like a horseshoe shape window arch. Subsequent studies have revealed that these elements are from the eleventh century.

Festivals[edit]

At Mutriku the following festivals are held:

Berdel Eguna (day of mackerel), usually the first Saturday of April.
' 'Berdel Eguna , usually the first Saturday in April.
' 'Malen Jaiak (Festival Mary Magdalene), 21-25 July.
' 'Kalbaixoko Jaiak (Festival of Kalbario), 14-16 September.
' 'Gaba Beltza (Black night), the closest Saturday to October 31, and sometimes, the same day. It is a local version of the Halloween.

Personajes Ilustres[edit]

Juan Gamboa (XV century): General.
Juan Antón de Astigarribia (XVI century): Trader.
Domingo de Irure (XVI century): admiral who fought Francis Drakeat the Estrecho de Magallanes.
Pascual de Iturriza (XVI century): architect.
Hernando de Lizaola (XVI century): General.
Pedro de Lizaola (XVI century): Bishop Trípoli.
Domingo de Dornutegui (XVII century): Admiral.
Rodrigo de Guilistegui (XVII century): Admiral.
Juan de Iturriza (XVII century): Admiral.
Miguel Vidazábal (XVII century): Admiral.
Antonio Gaztañeta, (1656-1728): Admiral and naval architect.
Cosme de Churruca|Cosme Damián de Churruca, (1761-1805): Cientist and brigadier of the Navy. Hero of trafalgar Batalla de Trafalgar.
Julián de Churruca: Lawer, philologist and hero of the spannish independence war.
Juan Bautista Acillona (1832-): Liberal politician.
José de Churruca (1791-1849): Judge and Politician.
Evaristo de Churruca (1841-1917): engineer. First count of Mutriku.
Juan Pesón, Juan de Landa (1894-1968): Actor.
José María Pagoaga (1952-1995): Handball player.
José Antonio Arcocha Martija (1911-1996): Vasque writer.
Sabino Andonegui (1931): Football player and coach.
Francisco Churruca (1936): Pelotari.
Dionisio Urreisti (1942): Football player.
Guillermo Andonegi (1949): sculptor.
Xiri Andonegi (1955- 2011): sculptor.
Imanol Andonegi (1958): sculptor.
Juan Carlos Pérez Gómez (1958): musician and member of Itoiz.
Luciano Iturrino (1963): Football player.
Peio Arreitunandia (1974): Professional ciclist.
Estitxu Arozena (1975): Bertsolari.
Asier Illarramendi(1990): Real Sociedad football player