1739 in science

The year 1739 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Earth sciences

 * Plinian eruption of Mount Tarumae volcano in Japan.

Exploration

 * January 1 – Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier in the South Atlantic Ocean.

Mathematics

 * Leonhard Euler solves the general homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients.
 * Euler invents the tonnetz (German for "tone-network"), a conceptual lattice diagram that shows a two-dimensional tonal pitch space created by the network of relationships between musical pitches in just intonation.

Physics

 * Émilie du Châtelet publishes Dissertation sur la nature et la propagation du feu.

Awards

 * Copley Medal: Stephen Hales

Societies

 * June 2 – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is founded in Stockholm by Linnaeus, Mårten Triewald and others.

Births

 * November 14 – William Hewson, English surgeon, anatomist and physiologist, "father of haematology" (died 1774)
 * December 14 – Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours, French industrialist (died 1817)
 * Israel Lyons, English mathematician and botanist (died 1775)

Deaths

 * April 19 – Nicholas Saunderson, English scientist and mathematician (born 1682)
 * April 27 – Nicolas Sarrabat, French scientist, astronomer and mathematician (born 1698)