1806 in Germany

Events from the year 1806 in Germany.

Incumbents
Holy Roman Empire
 * Francis II (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)

Kingdoms

 * Kingdom of Prussia
 * Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)
 * Kingdom of Bavaria
 * Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825)
 * Kingdom of Saxony
 * Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827)
 * Kingdom of Württemberg
 * Frederick I (22 December 1797 – 30 October 1816)

Grand Duchies

 * Grand Duke of Baden
 * Charles Frederick (25 July 1806 – 10 June 1811)
 * Grand Duke of Hesse
 * Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)
 * Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
 * Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)
 * Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
 * Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)
 * Grand Duke of Oldenburg
 * Wilhelm (6 July 1785 – 2 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
 * Peter I (2 July 1823 – 21 May 1829)
 * Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
 * Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

 * Schaumburg-Lippe
 * George William (13 February 1787 – 1860)
 * Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
 * Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 – 28 April 1807)
 * Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
 * Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 – 19 August 1835)
 * Principality of Lippe
 * Leopold II (5 November 1802 – 1 January 1851)
 * Principality of Reuss-Greiz
 * Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 – 29 January 1817)
 * Waldeck and Pyrmont
 * Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)

Duchies

 * Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
 * Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)
 * Duke of Brunswick
 * Frederick William (16 October 1806 – 16 June 1815)
 * Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
 * Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
 * Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
 * Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826)
 * Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
 * Bernhard II (24 December 1803 – 20 September 1866)
 * Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
 * Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)

Events

 * 1 January – The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
 * 12 July – Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine; Liechtenstein is given full sovereignty, leading to the collapse of the Empire after 844 years.
 * 6 August – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
 * 25 September – Prussia issues an ultimatum to Paris, threatening war if France does not halt marching its troops through Prussian territory to reach Austria; the message does not reach Napoleon Bonaparte until 7 October, and he responds by attacking Prussia.
 * 8 October – Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.
 * 9 October – Battle of Schleiz: French and Prussian forces fight for the first time since the war began. The Prussian army is easily defeated, by a more numerous French force.
 * 10 October – Battle of Saalfeld
 * 14 October – Battle of Jena–Auerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena, while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
 * 16 October – Capitulation of Erfurt
 * 17 October – Battle of Halle
 * 24 October – French forces enter Berlin.
 * 25 October – 8 November – Siege of Magdeburg
 * 28 October – Battle of Prenzlau
 * 29 October – Capitulation of Pasewalk
 * 30 October – Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
 * 1 November – Battle of Waren-Nossentin
 * 6 November – Battle of Lübeck
 * 7–22 November – Siege of Hamelin
 * 21 November – Berlin Decree

Births

 * 1 January – Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic-German chess player (died 1853)
 * 13 January – Eugen Napoleon Neureuther, German painter and illustrator (died 1882)
 * 18 February – Eduard Heis, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1877)
 * 6 April – Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (died 1876)
 * 12 June – John Augustus Roebling, German-American engineer (died 1869)
 * 22 July – Johann Kaspar Zeuss, German historian and philologist (died 1856)
 * 25 October – Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)
 * 23 November – Philipp Hoffmann, German architect and builder (died 1869)
 * 11 December – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (died 1886)

Deaths

 * 6 January – Jean Henri Riesener, German furniture designer (born 1734)
 * 3 March – Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet and editor (born 1744)
 * 23 August – Johann Eleazar Zeissig, German genre, portrait and porcelain painter, and engraver (born 1737)
 * 10 October – Therese Maron, German painter active in Rome (born 1725)
 * 10 October – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (born 1772)

Date unknown

 * Johann Gottfried Arnold, German cellist (born 1773)