Abu Muzahim Musa ibn Ubayd Allah al-Khaqani

Abū Muzaḥim Mūsā ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khāqān, also called al-Khāqānī (died AD 937 [AH 325]), was an Islamic scholar and muḥaddith (traditionist) in Baghdad. He belonged to the abnāʾ al-dawla and his family was of Iranian origin. His father was the Abbasid vizier ʿUbayd Allāh al-Khāqānī (died 877), while his brother Muḥammad also served as vizier. Sources for his life include al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī's Taʾrīkh Baghdād, Ibn al-Samʿānī's Ansāb and al-Dhahabī's Siyar.

Al-Khāqānī wrote the earliest work on tajwīd, the proper Arabic pronunciation for reciting the Qurʾān. Known as al-Qaṣida al-Khāqāniyya, it is in the form of a qaṣīda. As the word tajwīd was not yet in use, he refers to ḥusn al-adāʾ (pleasant pronunciation). In the 11th century, Abū ʿAmr al-Dānī wrote a commentary on it, the Sharḥ al-Qaṣīda al-Khāqāniyya.