Acanthuroidei

Acanthuroidei, is a group of ray finned fishes which is a suborder of the Acanthuriformes, although it was regarded as a suborder of the Perciformes, the largest order of fish, in older classifications. The suborder includes the surgeonfish and Moorish idol. Members of this suborder have a compressed body covered with small ctenoid scales. The name for the suborder comes from that of the surgeonfish (Acanthuridae) family within it, and is derived from the Greek words akantha and oura, which loosely translate to "thorn" and "tail", respectively, referring to the "scalpels" found on surgeonfishes' caudal peduncle.

Families
Acanthuroidei contains the following families:
 * Family Luvaridae Gill, 1885 (Luvar)
 * Family Zanclidae Bleeker, 1876 (Moorish angels)
 * †Family Massalongiidae Tyler & Bannikov, 2005
 * †Family Acanthonemidae Bannikov, 1991
 * Family Acanthuridae Bonaparte, 1835 (Surgeonfishes)
 * Subfamily Nasinae Fowler & Bean, 1929
 * Subfamily Acanthurinae Bonaparte, 1835
 * Tribe Prionurini J.L.B. Smith, 1966
 * Tribe Zebrasomini Winterbottom, 1993
 * Tribe Acanthurini Bonaparte, 1835