Artaxerxes

Artaxerxes may refer to:

The throne name of several Achaemenid rulers of the 1st Persian Empire:
 * Artaxerxes I of Persia (died 425 BC), Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 466–425 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I
 * Artaxerxes II of Persia (436 BC–358 BC), Artaxerxes II Mnemon, r. 404–358 BC, son and successor of Darius II
 * Artaxerxes III of Persia (425 BC–338 BC), Artaxerxes III Ochus, r. 358–338 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes II
 * Artaxerxes IV of Persia (died 336 BC), Artaxerxes IV Arses, r. 338–336 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes III
 * Artaxerxes V of Persia (died 329 BC), Artaxerxes V Bessus, r. 330–329 BC, nobleman who seized the throne from Darius III

Artaxerxes may also refer to:
 * Ardeshir (disambiguation), the Middle and Modern Persian name descended from Old Persian equivalent of Artaxerxes, Artaxšacā
 * Artaxerxes (opera), a 1762 opera by Thomas Arne
 * 7212 Artaxerxes, a main-belt asteroid
 * The wizard Artaxerxes, a character in J.R.R. Tolkien's novella "Roverandom"