Capitals of Persia

Iran (Persia) has had numerous capital cities and royal centers throughout its history.


 * Ahar; Pishkinid dynasty
 * Anshan; pre-Achaemenid era
 * Ardabil; early Safavid era, Sajid
 * Asaak; Parthian era royal center
 * Astara; Ispahbads of Gilan
 * Alamut Castle; Nizari Ismaili state
 * Amol; Ziyarid, Alavid, Marashis, Dabuyid, Bavandid, Chalavi, (Parthian Empire climate capital)
 * Babylon; Achaemenid era
 * Baghdad; caliphates, Jalayerid, Buyid
 * Balkh; in legend, the governmental center of the Kayanian dynasty
 * Bardsir; Banu Ilyas
 * Basra; Jalayerid
 * Bukhara; Samanid era
 * Ctesiphon; Parthian, Sassanid era
 * Damavand; Masmughans of Damavand
 * Dinavar; Hasanwayhids
 * Diyarbakır; Aq Qoyunlu
 * Fuman; Dabuyid
 * Farim (Perim); Bavandid
 * Firozkoh; Ghurid
 * Firuzkuh; Chalavi
 * Shahr-e Qumis (Hecatompylos); Parthian era
 * Ghazna; Ghurid, Khwarazmid, Ghaznavid
 * Gor (Firuzabad); Sassanid era
 * Gorgan (Astarabad); Ziyarid, Alavids
 * Herat; Ghurid, Kartids, Timurid Empire
 * Hulwan; Annazids
 * Ij (Ig); Shabankara
 * Isfahan; Ziyarid dynasty, Kakuyid Emirate, Injuid dynasty, Seljuk era, Safavid era
 * Istakhr; Sassanian era
 * Izeh (Idaj); Hazaraspids
 * Ecbatana (later Hamadan); Median Empire, Achaemenid era, Eldiguzids, Seljuks (Greater and Iraq Seljuks)
 * Kerman; Muzaffarid, Qutlugh-Khanids
 * Khorramabad; Khorshidi dynasty
 * Kunya Urgench; early Khwarezmid era
 * Lafur; Qarinvand dynasty
 * Lankaran; Talysh Khanate
 * Lahijan; Karkiya dynasty
 * Maragheh; Ilkhanid, Ahmadilis, Sajid
 * Mashhad; Afsharid
 * Merv; capital during al-Mamun's caliphate, and Taherid era, Seljuk Empire
 * Mosul; winter capital during Qara Qoyunlu
 * Nakhchivan; Eldiguzids
 * Nishapur; Ilkhanid, Seljuq, Taherid eras
 * Nisa, Turkmenistan; periodical capital of the Parthian era
 * Pasargadae; Achaemenid
 * Persepolis; Achaemenid grand capital
 * Rey (Rhagae); Median, Ziyarid, Buyid, Seljuk Empire
 * Rudbar; Justanids
 * Qazvin; early Safavid era
 * Sabzevar; Sarbadars
 * Samarkand; Samanid, Khwarazmid, Timurid era
 * Shiraz; Buyid dynasty, Injuid dynasty, Muzaffarid dynasty, Salghurid dynasty, Zand dynasty
 * Soltaniyeh; Ilkhanid
 * Susa; Achaemenid, Parthian era
 * Tabriz; Ilkhanid, Khwarezmid, Rawadid, Chupanid, Jalayerid, Eldiguzids, Kara Koyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, early Safavid era
 * Tarom; Sallarid
 * Sari; Qajar, Dabuyid, Alavid, Bavandid, Marashis
 * Yazd; Kakuyid, Atabegs of Yazd
 * Zaranj; Saffarid Empire, Mihrabanid, Nasrid
 * Tehran; Qajar Empire, Pahlavi dynasty, Islamic Republic of Iran 1796–present