Cercopidae

Cercopidae are the largest family of Cercopoidea, a xylem-feeding insect group, commonly called froghoppers or spittlebugs. They belong to the hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha. A 2023 phylogenetic study of the family suggested the elevation of subfamily Ischnorhininae to full family status as Ischnorhinidae, leaving a monophyletic Cercopinae.

Taxonomy
Based on a 2023 molecular phylogenetic analysis, the Cercopidae senso stricto was divided into two monophyletic subfamilies, Cercopinae and Cosmoscartinae, each with a number of tribes.


 * Subfamily Cercopinae

Tribe Bandusiini Tribe Callitetixini Tribe Cercopini Tribe Haematoscartini Tribe Hemiaufidini Tribe Locrisini Tribe Rhinaulacini Tribe incertae sedis
 * Bandisia Stål, 1866
 * Abidama Distant, 1908
 * Callitettix Stål, 1865
 * Caloscarta Breddin, 1903
 * Moultoniella Lallemand, 1923
 * Rhinastria Kirby, 1891
 * Tadascarta Matsumura, 1940
 * Cercopis Fabricius, 1775
 * Haematoloma Haupt, 1919
 * Triecphorella Nast, 1933
 * Clypeocarta Lallemand & Synave, 1955
 * Haematoscarta Breddin, 1903
 * Lieftinckana Lallemand & Synave, 1955
 * Straelenia Lallemand & Synave, 1955
 * Hemiaufidus Schmidt, 1920
 * Anyllis Kirkaldy, 1906
 * Dulitana Lallemand, 1939
 * Locris Stål, 1866
 * Nesaphrogeneia Kirkaldy, 1907
 * Paralocris Lallemand, 1949
 * Amberana Distant, 1908
 * Asiacercopis Liang, 1994
 * Aufidus Stål, 1863
 * Aufiterna Kirkaldy, 1906
 * Augustohahnia Schmidt, 1920
 * Baibarana Matsumura, 1940
 * Bourgoinrana Soulier-Perkins, 2012
 * Circulocercopis Liang & Webb, 2002
 * Colsa Walker, 1857
 * Eoscarta Breddin, 1902
 * Euryaulax Kirkaldy, 1906
 * Hemibandusia Schmidt, 1920
 * Hemicercopis Schmidt, 1920
 * Hemiliterna Lallemand, 1949
 * Heteroliterna Lallemand, 1949
 * Jacobsoniella Melichar, 1914
 * Jeanneliensa Lallemand, 1920
 * Kanozata Matsumura, 1940
 * Lehina Melichar, 1915
 * Leptoliterna Lallemand, 1949
 * Liorhinella Haglund, 1899
 * Literna Stål, 1866
 * Machadoa Lallemand & Synave, 1952
 * Mioscarta Breddin, 1901
 * Nesaulax Jacobi, 1917
 * Neocercopis Lallemand, 1932
 * Paracercopis Schmidt, 1925
 * Paracercopoides Liang, 1994
 * Paraliterna Lallemand, 1949
 * Paramioscarta Lallemand, 1949
 * Parapisidice Lallemand, 1949
 * Petyllis Kirkaldy, 1906
 * Poeciloterpa Stål, 1870
 * Rhinaulax Amyot & Serville, 1843
 * Sounama Distant, 1908
 * Synavea Lallemand, 1955
 * Telogmometopius Jacobi, 1921
 * Thoodzata Distant, 1908
 * Trigonoschema Crispolon & Soulier-Perkins, 2021
 * Villiersana Lallemand, 1942
 * Wawi Soulier-Perkins & Le Cesne, 2016
 * Alluaudensia Lallemand, 1920
 * Ambonga Melichar, 1915
 * Blötea Lallemand, 1957
 * Cercopicesa Koçak & Kemal, 2008
 * Euglobiceps Lallemand, 1923
 * Euryliterna Blöte, 1957
 * Janssensia Lallemand, 1954
 * Lamprochlamys Fennah, 1966
 * Leptynis Jacobi, 1921
 * Orthorhinella Schmidt, 1910
 * Paramonecphora Lallemand & Synave, 1954
 * Phlebarcys Schmidt, 1910
 * Pisianax Jacobi, 1921
 * Pogonorhinella Schmidt, 1910
 * Pseudocercopis Schmidt, 1920


 * Subfamily Cosmoscartinae

Tribe Considiini Tribe Cosmoscartini Tribe Phymatostethini Tribe Suracartini Tribe Trichoscartini Tribe incertae sedis
 * Considia Stål, 1865
 * Paphnutius Distant, 1916
 * Cosmoscarta Stål, 1869
 * Ectemnonotops Schmidt, 1910
 * Ectemnonotum Schmidt, 1909
 * Eubakeriella Lallemand, 1923
 * Gynopygocarta Lallemand, 1930
 * Gynopygolax Schmidt, 1909
 * Helioscarta Lallemand, 1956
 * Homalostethus Schmidt, 1910
 * Kanoscarta Matsumura, 1940
 * Kotozata Matsumura, 1940
 * Okiscarta Matsumura, 1940
 * Oxymegaspis Schmidt, 1911
 * Oxypeltarion Lallemand & Synave, 1961
 * Platynotoscarta Lallemand & Synave, 1961
 * Phymastostheta Stål, 1870
 * Anoplosnastus Schmidt, 1910
 * Ectemnocarta Lallemand, 1939
 * Leptataspis Schmidt, 1910
 * Megastethodon Schmidt, 1910
 * Opistharsostethus Schmidt, 1911
 * Serapita Schmidt, 1909
 * Simeliria Schmidt, 1909
 * Suracarta Schmidt, 1909
 * Hemitrichoscarta Lallemand & Synave, 1961
 * Neoporpacella Lallemand & Synave, 1961
 * Paratrichoscarta Lallemand & Synave, 1953
 * Pisidice Jacobi, 1912
 * Porpacella Schmidt, 1910
 * Trichoscarta Breddin, 1902
 * Radioscarta Lallemand, 1923

Invalid genera
Crispolon Jr et al. (2023) considered certain described genera as invalid without discussion and did not include them in the family as prescribed by their phylogeny.


 * Delassor Fennah, 1949
 * Funkhouseria Lallemand, 1938
 * Guarania Nast, 1950
 * Hemieoscarta Lallemand, 1949
 * Kuscarta Matsumura, 1940
 * Luederwaldtia Schmidt, 1922
 * Pachypterinella Lallemand, 1927
 * Pseudeoscarta Lallemand, 1933
 * Stenaulophrys Jacobi, 1921
 * Vigilantius Distant, 1916

Fossil genera



 * †Allocercopis Lin, 1997
 * †Berro Szwedo, 2019
 * †Cercopites Scudder, 1890
 * †Cicadellites Heer, 1853
 * †Dawsonites Scudder, 1895
 * †Eocercopidium Zeuner, 1944
 * †Lithecphora Scudder, 1890
 * †Locrites Scudder, 1890
 * †Megacercopis Cockerell, 1925
 * †Nangamostethos Xu & Szwedo, 2022
 * †Nisocercopis Lin, 1977
 * †Palecphora Scudder, 1890
 * †Parafitopteryx Martins-Neto, 1989
 * †Prinecphora Scudder, 1890
 * †Stenecphora Scudder, 1895
 * †Stenolocris Scudder, 1895

Taxa removed from Cercopidae
Crispolon Jr. et al.s 2023 molocular phylogenetic analysis recommended removing the following genera from Cercopidae and transferring them to Aphrophoridae:
 * Hemitriecphora Lallemand, 1949
 * Microsargane Fowler, 1897

Additionally they recommended the elevation of the subfamily Ischnorhininae, endemic to the Americas, to full family status as Ischnorhinidae. This was based on the closer phylogenetic ties to Machaerotidae then to subfamily Cercopinae found exclusively in Europe, Africa, and Asia, Australasia:
 * Family Ischnorhinidae

Tribe Ischnorhinini Tribe Neaenini Tribe Tomaspini
 * Baetkia Schmidt, 1920
 * Choconta Fennah, 1979
 * Homalogrypota Schmidt, 1920
 * Huaina Fennah, 1979
 * Iphirhina Fennah, 1968
 * Ischnorhina Stål, 1869
 * Laccogrypota Schmidt, 1920
 * Neolaccogrypota Lallemand, 1924
 * Neosphenorhina Distant, 1909
 * Schistogonia Stål, 1869
 * Sphenoclypeana Lallemand & Synave, 1952
 * Tiodus Nast, 1950
 * Typeschata Schmidt, 1920
 * Helioptera Hamilton, 2016
 * Hemitomaspis Lallemand, 1949
 * Marcion Fennah, 1951
 * Menytes Hamilton, 2016
 * Neaenus Fowler, 1897
 * Simorhina Jacobi, 1908
 * Tomaspisinella Lallemand, 1927
 * Zuata Fennah, 1968
 * Aeneolamia Fennah, 1949
 * Aracamunia Fennah, 1968
 * Bradypteroscarta Lallemand, 1949
 * Carachata Carvalho & Sakakibara, 1989
 * Carpentiera Lallemand, 1954
 * Catrimania Fennah, 1968
 * Chinana Lallemand, 1927
 * Deois Fennah, 1949
 * Deoisella Costa & Sakakibara, 2002
 * Ferorhinella Carvalho & Webb, 2004
 * Gervasiella Paladini & Cavichioli, 2015
 * Hemiplagiophleboptena Lallemand, 1949
 * Hyalotomaspis Lallemand, 1949
 * Hyboscarta Jacobi, 1908
 * Isozulia Fennah, 1953
 * Kanaima Distant, 1909
 * Korobona Distant, 1909
 * Lujana Lallemand, 1954
 * Mahanarva Distant, 1909
 * Makonaima Distant, 1909
 * Maxantonia Schmidt, 1922
 * Monecphora Amyot & Serville, 1843
 * Neomonecphora Distant, 1909
 * Notozulia Fennah, 1968
 * Ocoaxo Fennah, 1968
 * Olcotomaspis Lallemand, 1949
 * Orodamnis Fennah, 1953
 * Pachacanthocnemis Schmidt, 1910
 * Panabrus Fennah, 1953
 * Plagiophleboptena Schmidt, 1910
 * Prosapia Fennah, 1949
 * Sinopia Sakakibara, 1977
 * Sphenorhina Amyot & Serville, 1843
 * Tapaiuna Fennah, 1968
 * Tomaspis Amyot & Serville, 1843
 * Tomaspisina Distant, 1909
 * Tropidorhinella Schmidt, 1910
 * Tunaima Fennah, 1968
 * Urubaxia Fennah, 1968
 * Vorago Fennah, 1949
 * Zulia Fennah, 1949