Elative case

In grammar, the elative case (abbreviated ; from efferre "to bring or carry out") is a locative grammatical case signifying that something comes from something, somewhere or someone.

Uralic languages
In Finnish, the elative is typically formed by adding, in Estonian by adding to the genitive stem, -õst in Livonian and -sto in Erzya. In Hungarian, the suffix expresses the elative:


 * talosta - "out of the house, from the house" (Finnish talo = "house") taloista - "out of the houses, from the houses" (Finnish talot = "houses")
 * majast - "out of the house, from the house" (Estonian maja = "house")
 * Erzya: kudosto - "out of the house, from the house" (Erzya kudo = "house")
 * házból - "out of the house" (Hungarian ház = "house")

In some dialects of Finnish it is common to drop the final vowel of the elative ending, which then becomes identical to the elative morpheme of Estonian; for example: talost. This pronunciation is common in southern Finland, appearing in the southwestern dialects and in some Tavastian dialects. Most other dialects use the standard form -sta.

Russian
In some rare cases the elative still exists in contemporary Russian, though it was used more widely in 17-18th cc. texts: и́з лесу (out of the forest), кровь и́з носу (blood from the nose), из Яросла́влю (from Yaroslavl).