Fag Rag

Fag Rag was an American gay men's newspaper, published from 1971 until circa 1987, with issue #44 being the last known edition. The publishers were the Boston-based Fag Rag Collective, which consisted of radical writers, artists and activists. Notable members were Larry Martin, Charley Shively, Michael Bronski, Thom Nickels, and John Mitzel. In its early years the subscription list was between 400 and 500, with an additional 4,500 copies sold on newsstands and bookstores or given away.

During its run, Fag Rag published interviews with, and writing by, prominent gay and bisexual authors including William S. Burroughs, Allen Ginsberg, John Giorno, Christopher Isherwood, John Wieners, Arthur Evans, Allen Young, Maurice Kenny, Gerard Malanga, John Rechy, Ned Rorem, and Gore Vidal.

History and background
The newspaper originally started out as Lavender Vision, a coed organization with both gay men and lesbians, with half of the periodical devoted to men, and the other half to women. After a few issues though, the lesbians left to start their own publication. After they left, the men debated titles for their new publication, such as: Surrender Dorothy and Kumquat Times, before settling on Fag Rag, which Mitzel said was "to the point".

Shively described Fag Rag as offering up a collection of "sexual liberation, anarchism, hippie love, drugs, peace, maoism, marxism, rock and roll, folk song, cultural separatist, feminist, effeminist, tofu/brown rice, communal living, urban junkie, rural purist, nudist, leather, high camp drag, gender fuck drag, poetry, essays and pictures". They reported on multiple LGBT topics, including: gay Vietnam servicemen, the Cuban gay scene, gay senior citizens, the gay community with special needs, sex workers, and interracial LGBT relationships. They also had the standard fare for a gay newspaper; local news, editorials, poems, artwork, short stories and cartoons. The first issue argued for gay men not to be embarrassed or ashamed when called "cocksucker", but to wear the moniker proudly.

The periodical refused advertisements, claiming ads were “bribery and ugly", so they relied on being funded by donations, sales and the intermittent government grant. The volunteer staff would gather in the basement of a local book store, where editorial judgements were made as a group. They made a conscious decision not to showcase writings that demonstrated approval towards, "God, family, state or other oppressive institutions". Bronski, who started in 1972, described their gatherings as “fun and gossipy". They also had problems getting the newspaper published. As Shively tells it, one press shop informed him it couldn’t print Fag Rag on the same printing press they used to print Bibles.

In 1972, they started the Good Gay Poets Press, which was a pun on Walt Whitman’s label as the 'Good Gray Poet'. Shively saw the 'Poets' as a pathway for authors to have freedom to write "whatever and however" they wanted to. Maurice Kenny, the first known LGBT Native author to publish openly queer writings in the United States, contributed poems to the newspaper. They started out publishing with the intentions of a regular quarterly basis, but as the years passed it became sporadic, with issues 30 through 39 being one special 12th anniversary special. The publication ceased operations in 1987.

In his Fag Rag interview, Gore Vidal famously called Truman Capote "a Republican housewife from Kansas with all the prejudices," and described Norman Mailer as "a VFW commander in Schenectady."

Arson
The Fag Rag collective shared offices with the Gay Community News. On July 7, 1982, the building shared by them was set on fire by a group of firemen, policemen and security guards, who had set a number of fires in the city. The fire destroyed all back issues of GCN and Fag Rag. According to testimony from two of the arsonists, Gregg Bemis and Robert Groblewski, the arson ring set over 200 fires in 1982 and 1983, mostly in Boston. They claimed their motive was to scare Boston voters into repealing Proposition 21, a state tax-limiting measure which would lay off or freeze hiring of firefighters. The ringleader of the group, Donald Stackpole, was sentenced to 40 years in federal prison. The group of arsonists were ultimately held responsible for the destruction of more than $50 million worth of property, and at the time, the arson case was considered to be the largest in state or federal history.

In October 1982, The Body Politic reported that a right-wing paramilitary group identifying themselves as the 'Werewolves' had put up flyers in the Boston region alleging they were responsible for the fire. In addition, they threatened to "follow up" by killing lesbians and gays.

Analysis and critique
Jonah Raskin opined that Fag Rag had a "proselytizing air" about it. He suggested they wanted to convert heterosexuals to the LGBT world, so they could "develop a sense of gay pride". He argues that the name of the publication itself was designed to be objectionable to the "straight world of heterosexuals", and that the name celebrates faggots, "as the writers define themselves".

Raymond Jean-Frontain wrote that Fag Rag often included provocative photographs of men bending over or spreading their legs wide open "in an invitation to participate in ass fucking as an act of revolution". He states the newspaper refused to "keep hidden what society was determined to control" through censorship, and that the men in these photos illustrated the "world quite literally turned upside down".

Jim Downs opined that Shively "wrote himself into history, becoming part of the historical record and embedding his perspective in the public memory that would dictate the course of gay history for the next few decades".

New Hampshire governor Meldrim Thomson described the newspaper, after seeing a copy of it, as "the most loathsome publication in the English language". Thompson had been attending a play by Jonathan Ned Katz at the University of New Hampshire, and Shively was selling the newspaper there, which prompted his visceral reaction.