Foster Memorial AME Zion Church

The Foster Memorial AME Zion Church is located on Wildey Street in Tarrytown, New York, United States. Formed in 1860, it is the oldest black church in Westchester County and possibly one of the oldest in the state. During the Civil War it was a stop on the Underground Railroad. One of the church's founders was herself an escaped slave, as were many parishioners. They helped slaves either continue to Canada or settle in Tarrytown if they wished. The church has played a major role in Tarrytown's African-American community ever since.

The church's brick building, designed by local architect James Bird, was opened in 1865. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Building
The church is a three-by-four-bay building two storeys high. The red brick of its surface is only visible on the facade and is elsewhere covered by an artificial stone veneer. The gable roof is likewise of imitation slate. Pilasters on the front flanks support triangular granite capstones. A cinder block addition is on the rear.

Inside, the first floor is devoted to offices, a kitchen and large meeting room. The sanctuary is on the second floor, entered from the north with the altar and podium to the south. On either side are marble tablets commemorating founders Henry Foster and Henry Brown.

History
The first AME Zion congregation in Westchester was established in New Rochelle in 1837, with a White Plains group following six years later. In 1860, four members of the latter congregation from Tarrytown decided to organize locally. They were Henry Foster, a barber, his wife Amanda, their friend Hiram Jimerson and The Rev. Jacob Thomas.

At first the four founders and three more local members met in whatever space they could borrow. They began in the room over Amanda Taylor's popular local confectionery. As the congregation began to grow, they moved to another store and then a shoe factory. Finally, with the assistance of white members of the local Dutch Reformed and Methodist congregations, the new church formed a committee to find and purchase land for a church of its own.

Local builder and architect James Bird contributed the design, and the cornerstone was laid in October 1864. Henry Foster died the next year, urging his wife to continue the church's development as he expected a large-scale migration of freed slaves from the South after the end of the war. While that did not happen initially, Amanda Foster would continue to play a major role in the church's development and is today revered as the "Mother of the Church".

After a construction expenditure of $9,120.85 (~$ in ), the church opened in 1865. As was typical of the time, the cost was partly defrayed by charging for the pews, in this case an annual rent of $3. In lean economic times, the congregants practiced "pounding" their pastor, each member bringing him and his family a pound of food when the church could not afford to pay him. The church grew slowly, including some whites, numbering 40 members by 1886.

Amanda Foster died in 1904 at the age of 98. The wave of southern blacks that her husband had anticipated finally materialized in the years afterwards, and during the Great Migration the church served as a community center for new arrivals in the Tarrytown area, helping them acclimate to an urban lifestyle.

The 20th century saw the first physical alterations to the church building, as its limited finances in turn limited what could be done to stave off deterioration. In the 1930s the original roof was replaced. The Meadowstone coating was applied to the sides and rear in the 1950s. The following decade the rear wing was added, expanding the available space in both the sanctuary and meeting room, and the original minister's apartment was converted into an auditorium. Pastor Madison McRae continued the church's activist traditions, leading protests against housing discrimination and persuading the Tarrytown Fire Department to hire more African-Americans.

Legacy
This significant site was added to the African American Heritage Trail of Westchester County in 2004 as part of a mission to “preserve and interpret the legacy and contributions that people of African descent have made to the development of our unique American identity.” It is one of only 14 such sites.