Francisco Maniago

Francisco Maniago was a Filipino revolutionary leader who lived in the 17th century, during the Spanish colonization period in the Philippines. He led a revolt in Pampanga in 1660 against the bandala system, where the locals were forced to sell their agricultural products at low prices, and the polo y servicio system, a form of forced labor where the locals worked on any government project without payment.

Revolt
Under polo y servicio, men in Pampanga worked as timber cutters for eight months, which led to low agricultural harvests. To show their opposition against the forced labor system, the men set their campsite on fire, and chose Francisco Maniago, the chief from Mexico, Pampanga, as their leader.

Under Maniago, the revolting group closed the mouths of the rivers with stakes to disrupt commerce. They also sent letters to chiefs in provinces outside of Pampanga, asking to join the revolt against Spain.

Maniago's revolt was however short-lived. He made peace with the Spanish governor-general Sabiniano Manrique de Lara, and was never heard from again. According to one account, he and his brother were killed.