Gråbrødretorv 15

Gråbrødretorv 15 is a historic building situated on the south side of Gråbrødretorv in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. Constructed with two storeys in the first half of the 18th century, as part of the rebuilding of the city following the Copenhagen Fire of 1728, it was adapted into a four-storey, three-winged building in the 1850s. The building was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945. The scope of the heritage listing was expanded in 1982. The property belonged to the painter Peter Brünniche from the 1770s to at least 1806. Other notable former residents include the master carpenter and politician Harald Kayser, painter Julius Exner and jurist Carl Georg von Holck.

Early
The property was listed in Copenhagen's first cadastre from 1689 as No. 131 in Frimand's Quarter, owned by university book printer Johan Philip Bockenhofer, Bockenhofer's property continued all the way to Store Helliggeiststræde (now part of Balkendorfsgade) on the other side of the block. His workshop was located in a building in the courtyard, with windows facing the courtyard of Gråbrødretorv 13 (then No. 132, Frimand's Quarter). In 1691, Bockenhofer also bought Gråbrødretorv 13. His acquisition of the property was not motivated in a wish to expand his old property, nor in a wish to replace it with the new one, but merely in a wish to ensure that future development would not compromise the access to natural daylight in his workshop. Some ten days after buying the property, after having registered the necessary easementss, he thus sold the property to skipper Niels Lauritzen Kock.

Bockenhofer's former property was destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1728, together with most of the other buildings in the area. A new building, seven bays long and two storeys tall, with a facade crowned by a five-bay-long gabled wall dormer, was subsequently constructed on the site. It is unclear exactly when the new building was completed.

The property was listed in the new cadastre of 1756 as No. 121 in Frimand's Quarter, owned by one Roggenkamp, Giærtner's widow.

Peter Brünniche, 1770s–1810s
The property was later acquired by the painter Peter Brünniche (1739-1814). He was the son of the more wellknown painter Andreas Brünniche. He returned to Denmark after spending seven years abroad in 1773. He became a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in 1776. His artistic output was rather limited. He supplemented his artistic career with a successful business as a building painter, something that brought him into conflict with the Building Painters Guild.

Brünniche's property was home to 19 residents in three households at the 1787 census. Brünniche resided in the building with his wife Inger Karoline Brünniche /née Egerod), his 11-year-old sister-in-law Ane Frederiche Egerod, painter (employee) Jes Bonsen, painter's apprentice Nels Wansted, a female cook and two maids. Hulricha Eleanora Strøm (née Langehøren), a widow with means, resided in the building with four children by her second husband (aged 19 to 23) and one maid. Sivert Stern, a beer seller (øltapper), resided in the building with his wife Berentine Degn, their two children (aged two and 11) and one maid.

Brünniche's property was home to 24 residents in four households at the 1801 census. The owner resided in the building with his wife Inger Caroline Egeroed, their 10-year-old daughter Johanne Margrethe Brynnicke, his seven-year-old niece Johanne Elise Egeroed,	his apprentice Friderich Weng, three maids and two male servants. Sara Cathrine Reutzer, a widow, resided in the building with two maids. Jens Jyde, a wholesale merchant (grosserer), resided in the building with his wife Dorothea Krag, a three-year-old boy in their care (Bendt Christian), office clerk Søren Rønne (employee) and two maids. Mads Pedersen, a watchman, resided in the building with his wife Karen Hendrichsenm their two children (aged seven and 12) and one lodger (soldier).

The property was listed in the new cadastre of 1806 as No. 104 in Frimand's Quarter. It was at that time still owned by Peter Brünniche.

Peter Brünniche's son Boas Brünnich(e) became court bookprinter. He purchased the property a few houses down the square at Gråbrødretorv 3. His daughter Johanne Margrethe Brünniche (1792–1860) married the civil servant (1802–1868). They nearby corner building at Skindergade 19 was constructed for them in 1825.

Nicolai Hammer
The property was later acquired by master plumber Nicolai Hammer	(1780-). He was licensed as a master plumber in Copenhagen on 30 December 1812. He had married his first wife on Maren Sørensdatter Schloth (1778-1808). On 4 May 1808, he married secondly to Anna Dorothea Kjølsen. The couple lived in Badstuestræde in 1817.

Nicolai Hammer's property was home to 18 residents at at the 1740 census. Nicolai and Anne Dorothea Hammer resided on the ground floor with their daughters Emilie (aged 33) and Jacobine (aged 31), their sons Oluf (aged 27) and Nicolai (aged 23), two plumbers (employees), two plumber's apprentices and one maid. Simon Wesseltoft Søeborg (1787-1857), a grocer (urtekræmmer) and chocolate manufacturer, resided on the first floor with his wife Kirstine Petrine Søeborg (née Bidstrup, 1792–1855), their 23-year-old daughter Rebeka Petrine Søeborg and one maid. Carl Thomas Broch, a sailing master (sjibsfører), resided in the garret with his wife Christina Johanne (née Hammer) and two-year-old son Adolph Julius Broch.

The number of residents had dropped to 15 by 1845. Nicolai and Anne Dorothea Hammer resided on the ground floor with the daughter Emilie, two plumbers, two apprentices, one maid and one lodger. The lodger was the engineer Harald Kajser, who was later the same year licensed as a master carpenter. Carl Ferdinand Wessel Brown (1810-1879), a teacher in mathematics and physics, resided on the second floor with his wife Mette Charlotte (née Skeel, 1812–1883) and one maid. Thomas Carl and Christine Julie Broch (née Hammer) still resided on the second floor with their now six-year-old son Adolph Julius Broch. Thomas Carl Broch was now employed with administrative work in the Skippers' Huild House.

851–1862
ng was heightened with two storeys in 1752–53. The property was listed as Gråbrødretorv 15 when house numbering was introduced in 1859 as a supplement to the old cadastral numbers by quarter.

The expanded property was home to a total of 40 residents at the 1860 census. Andreas Frederik Flor, a barkeeper, resided in the basement with his wife Hohanne, their son Frederik Flor (aged 13), the relative Christian Flor /courier for Skifteretten) and one maid. Jacob Bendix Salomon, a master wallpaper maker, resided on the first floor with his wife Henriette, their five children (aged four to 11), two maids and the covoæ servant and university teacher Carl Georg von Holck. Julie Fanny Emilie Rydiger, a seemstress (syer modepynt), resided on the second floor with one maid. Elisabet Sinding, a widow with a pension, resided on the second floor with her 21-year-old daughter Johanne Agathe Josepha Sinding. Adof (Abraham) Hertz Bendix (1818-1886), a beer merchant (ølhandler) and at some point also a glovemaker, resided on the third floor with his wife Sara Rosa (née Abrahamson, 1827–1907), their sons Siegfried (1751-1901, later paper merchant) and Arthur Martin (1747-1931), two male servants and one maid. Marie Margrethe Louise Krebs (née Lorentzen, 1806–1878), wife of 	Johan Henrik Klingberg Krebs (1803-1883), resided on the third floor with her son Axel Klingberg Krebs (1749-1813) and daughter Johanne Alvilda Krebs /1742-1932). Carl Dominus Nehamme, a pianoforte manufacturer, resided on the third floor with his wife Thora Henriette and one maid. Jens Peter Jensen, a workman, resided on the fourth floor with his wifeAne Marie and their six children (aged two to 12).

Police Station 1
The Copenhagen Police Force was reorganized in the early 1860s. The city was divided divided into six police districts. Gråbrødretorv 15 was the location of Station1. The five other stations were located at Pilestræde 32 (Station 2), Store Kongensgade 92 (Station 3), Christianshavns Torc]Børnehustorvet 2 (Station 4), Gasveien 11 (Station 5) and Fælledvej 18 (Station 6). On 2 January 1889, Stations 1 was moved from Gråbrødretorv 15 to Nørregade 21.

20th century
The property was home to 29 residents at the 1906 census. Caroline Moyel, a widow, resided on the first floor with her son Thyra Moyel and the lodger Ole Andersen (manager). Sofie Magdalene Hansen, another widow, resided on the first floor with her four children (aged 10 to 29). Nicolai Vilhelm Carlsen, a waiter, resided on the fourth floor with his wife Susanne Kirstine Carlsen, their 17-year-old daughter Nicolai Johan Niels Larsen	 and one lodger (waiter). Niels Thomsen, a mailman, resided in the building with his wife Marie Thomsen and their two children (aged 18 and 25). Mogens Ljunggreen 81841-), a krigsassessor, resided in the building with his wife Adelheid Theresie Ljunggreen.	 Pauline Cohn, a married woman (no mention of her husband), resided in the building with her four children (aged 	 Jens Harald Svendsen, a wallpaperer, resided in the building with his wife Ida Fuskrikke Svendsen and three children (aged 20 to 23).

The building was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945. The scope of the heritage listing was expanded in 1982.

Architecture
The building was originally a two-storey building. The seven-bat-wide facade was crowned by a five-bay gabled wall dormer. A four bays long side wing extended from the rear side of the building along the east side of the courtyard. This building was heightened with two storeys in 1851–52. The eastern side wign was also heightened with two storeys. A newfour bays long and four storeys tall side wing was also constructed along the other (western) side of the courtyard. The facade is finished with a cornice band above the ground floor, sill courses below the first- and second-floor windows and polaster-like ornamentation between the windows of the fourth floor. The main entrance is located in the fifth bay from the left (east). The building is topped by a Mansard roof clad in red tiles. The large windows in the left-hand side of the roof (as seen from the square) may date from Julius Exner's studio. The yard-side of the building is painted yellow.

Todau
The building is divided into condominiums. It is jointly owned by the owners via E/F Matr Nr 104 Frimands Kvarter. It contains a restaurant on the ground floor and in the basement and residential apartments on the upper floors.