Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia

Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia (Великий князь Никола́й Миха́йлович; 26 April [ O.S. 14 April] 1859 – 28 January 1919) was the eldest son of Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia and a first cousin of Alexander III.

On 29 January 1919, Nicholas was moved to Peter and Paul Fortress in Petrograd, and in the early hours of the following day he was shot there by a firing squad, along with his brother, Grand Duke George Mikhailovich, and his cousins Grand Dukes Paul Alexandrovich and Dmitri Constantinovich.

According to historians Edvard Radzinsky, their executions had been ordered by Vladimir Lenin as retaliation for the recent summary executions of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg in Berlin, by Freikorps forces loyal to the Weimar Republic.

Honours and awards

 * Baden: Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1876
 * Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown, 1876
 * Kingdom of Prussia: Pour le Mérite (military), 19 November 1878
 * Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 10 March 1886
 * undefined: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, December 1894
 * 🇩🇰 Denmark: Knight of the Order of the Elephant, 18 November 1897
 * Austria-Hungary: Decoration of Honour for Arts and Sciences, 1908
 * 🇸🇪 Sweden: Knight of the Order of the Seraphim, 12 May 1908