Greater Manchester Built-up Area

The Greater Manchester Built-up Area is an area of land defined by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), consisting of the large conurbation that encompasses the urban element of the city of Manchester and the metropolitan area that forms much of Greater Manchester in North West England. According to the United Kingdom Census 2011, the Greater Manchester Built-up Area has a population of 2,553,379 making it the second most populous conurbation in the United Kingdom after the Greater London Built-up Area. This was an increase of 14% from the population recorded at the United Kingdom Census 2001 of 2,240,230, when it was known as the Greater Manchester Urban Area.

The Greater Manchester Built-up Area is not conterminous with Greater Manchester, a metropolitan county of the same name (and, until 1974, part of the county of Lancashire) for it excludes settlements such as Wigan and Marple from Greater Manchester, but includes hinterland settlements which lie outside its statutory boundaries, such as Wilmslow in Cheshire, Glossop in Derbyshire, Whitworth in Lancashire and Newton-le-Willows in Merseyside.

Constituent parts
The largest settlements (in descending order of population) within the Greater Manchester Built-up Area are Manchester, Bolton, Stockport, Oldham, Rochdale, Salford, and Bury. These settlements are not coterminous with the Metropolitan Boroughs of the same name, and the ONS takes some of its settlement boundaries within the conurbation from the contiguous urban core of pre-Local Government Act 1972 local government districts. This means that the GMUA bears a much closer resemblance to the earlier "SELNEC" area than to the Greater Manchester Metropolitan County. Unlike most urban areas which expanded outwards around a central core of employment the Greater Manchester Urban Area was formed from the inward expansion of several large manufacturing towns towards a centralised marketplace for the trading of goods and raw materials.

Wigan is separate from the Greater Manchester Built-up Area, although eastern parts of the wider Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, such as Leigh, Tyldesley and Atherton are included. Wigan and Ince-in-Makerfield are included in a separate Wigan Urban Area, which includes places outside Greater Manchester. The gap is formed between Ince-in-Makerfield (of Wigan Urban Area) and Hindley (Greater Manchester Urban Area).

Other built-up areas, including New Mills and the rest of High Peak are narrowly avoided as is Ashton-in-Makerfield (which is included in the Liverpool Urban Area) and much of the parish of Saddleworth.

Settlements


According to the ONS definitions the Greater Manchester Built-up Area consists of the following settlements:

Notes:
 * Wilmslow and Alderley Edge have combined data in 2001 census, but are separate within 1981 and 1991 data
 * Brinnington is not recognised as a settlement in 1981 and 1991 censuses
 * Prestwich forms part of the Manchester subdivision in the 2011 census.
 * Pendlebury forms part of the Salford subdivision in the 2011 census.
 * Leigh forms part of the Atherton subdivision in the 2011 census.
 * In the 2011 census the Sale subdivision includes large areas that were formerly part of the Manchester subdivision.
 * Buckton Vale and Mossley were recognised as settlements within the Greater Manchester Urban Area in 1991 census, but were considered to be outside the Greater Manchester Urban Area in 2001. In the 2001 Census, they are considered to be part of a separate Mossley/Buckton Vale urban area, which had a population of 13,344, made up of sub-divisions of Mossley (9,713) and Buckton Vale (3,631). However they were considered to be inside the Greater Manchester Urban Area in 2011.
 * Irlam is not considered to be part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area in 1981
 * Golborne, Uppermill, Blackrod, Newton-le-Willows and Glossop were all considered separate urban areas until the 2011 census.