Halliwell F.C.

Halliwell F.C. was an English association football club based in Halliwell, in north-west Bolton.

History
The club was an early member of the Lancashire Football Association and took part in the first Lancashire Senior Cup in 1879.

The club first took part in the FA Cup in 1882-83, winning 3–2 at Great Lever in the first round in front of over 4,000 spectators, in something of a shock result, as the Leverites had brought in Alf Jones and Evans from Walsall Swifts to boost their squad.

Professionalism
For the 1883–84 season, the club sought players "from all over Lancashire", and had invested nearly £300 into making the ground "one of the best in Lancashire". These suggest that the club had turned professional, along with many other clubs from the county, backed by the local factories; Halliwell had patronage from a blue manufacturer, W. Edge & Sons. This caused problems for the club in competitions, because it was effectively barred from fielding its best players, as professionals were banned from them until 1885 and after then residency requirements sometimes stopped them from taking part.

The club changed almost its entire playing roster for 1884–85, only four players being carried over, and importing 5 players from Kilmarnock 1884-85, plus two from Eagley. This enabled the club to field a first-class eleven in friendlies, but many of the players were ineligible for Cup competitions. Halliwell lost in the first round of the FA Cup, in a considerable surprise, to Lower Darwen F.C.; amongst Halliwell's earlier results that season was a 20–0 win at Southport, on the same day as Lower Darwen were losing 5–0 to Preston Zingari. However the lack of Halliwell's star players reduced the attendance to a mere 50.

By 1885, the club was employing seven Scottish players - more than anyone in England other than Preston North End and Burnley. The club also had a deal in principle to sign Frank Sugg, but Burnley gazumped Halliwell for his signature, with Sugg being paid to be club secretary. In the 1885-86 FA Cup, the club was drawn against Fishwick Ramblers of Preston in the first round, and was initially suspended from the competition for fielding an Astley Bridge player in a friendly match without permission. However, on appeal, the FA lifted the suspension, and Halliwell won the tie 2–1, despite the FA's rules on professional eligibility requiring Halliwell to field mostly a reserve team. The same eligibility rules seemed to have cost the club in the second round, its reserves losing 3–1 at Hurst, but Halliwell's protest against the size of the Hurst pitch was upheld and a replay ordered. Rather than attend the replay, Hurst scratched, but it was a stay of execution for the Halliwellians, as a side which "consisted almost entirely of second eleven youngsters" lost 6–1 to South Shore F.C., in front of a "mere handful" of spectators.

In the 1886-87 FA Cup the club was drawn away to Cup holders Blackburn Rovers in the first round; the Rovers had adopted professionalism before any of the other Lancashire clubs (other than Darwen F.C.) and had a considerable advantage from both the head-start and their players being grandfathered into the residency requirements. Halliwell, forced to drop six of their best players because of the regulations, scratched from the tie, and played the match as a friendly instead. The ability of the Halliwell full-strength side was shown by the Halliwellians managing a 3–3 draw against the Rovers.

1887-88 FA Cup
Halliwell's FA Cup run in 1887-88 involved two protests, one against the club, and one which did not involve the club at all, but could have affected it.

Halliwell beat Liverpool Stanley in the first round, going in at half-time 1–0 down, but a tactical switch for the second half - left-winger Weir swapping places with centre-forward Mullin, which forced Stanley to withdraw midfielder Goodall to cover him - saw Halliwell rattle in five without reply. In the second round, the club easily beat Astley Bridge. The Bridgeites protested that Halliwell's Hewitson was not qualified to play for Halliwell. Halliwell attended the hearing with Hewitson's birth certificate, the FA dismissed the protest, and ordered Astley Bridge to pay 2 guineas and Halliwell's expenses.

In the third round, the club was drawn to play Preston North End. Preston had beaten Everton in the second round. However, Bolton Wanderers, who had lost to Everton in the first round, had protested about Everton's players. The FA permitted Everton to play in the second round despite the protest. Preston duly beat Halliwell in the third round, but the Bolton protest was then upheld, retrospectively disqualifying Everton from the first round and making Preston's second round win over Everton null and void. Technically, this meant that the Preston-Halliwell tie was also a nullity, and the FA sent a telegram to Deepdale before the match stating that the game should be a friendly, but Sudell of Preston arranged with the FA that the match should still stand as a Cup tie, with Preston willing to play Bolton Wanderers should the Bolton protest be upheld. Given Halliwell had lost 10–1 to Preston in a friendly shortly before the tie, there was no protest from Halliwell as to this arrangement.

The search for a league
The club was not one of those invited to join the initial Football League, given that Bolton Wanderers had been invited to represent the town, even though Wanderers secretary John Bentley suggested that Halliwell be invited. Halliwell therefore became one of the members of The Combination, although that attempt at a league struggled, with confusion over the fixtures, and the season fizzled out uncompleted. At the time the competition was abandoned, Halliwell had a mid-table record of 6 wins, 2 draws, and 5 defeats.

In the aftermath of this competition, a number of clubs decided to form a more regular competition, the Football Alliance, for the 1889–90 season. Halliwell applied for membership but was one of three clubs which lost out in the vote. The club did not apply for membership of the Alliance again and instead was one of the 11 clubs which founded the Midland Football League, with representation on the committee. However, the club reconsidered its stance, and in May decided not to take part.

Without a league, the club was struggled, with the leagues taking away lucrative friendlies for the club; in April 1890 the club was even suspended for two weeks for playing a Crewe Alexandra player without permission.

The club's final appearance in the FA Cup proper, in 1890-91, proved disastrous. After being drawn at home to The Wednesday, the club decided to forgo home advantage in return for "a considerable pecuniary consideration" from the Yorkshire side. The decision was a mistake on two grounds. Firstly, on the same day, Sheffield United was playing Notts County at Bramall Lane, which attracted a crowd of 10,000, with only 1,000 turning up to Owlerton; secondly, with home advantage, The Wednesday ran riot, scoring twice in the first ten minutes, five in the first half, and twelve by the end of the match.

With league football proving to be a success around the country, the club was a founder member of the Lancashire Combination in 1891. The degradation of Halliwell's status, and the change the Football League had wrought, was shown by the Combination being primarily for the benefit of the reserve sides of the clubs Halliwell had been playing as equals a few years before. Even this level was far too strong for the club, and in April 1892, having lost every match played (the last being a 4–0 loss at Royton on 2 April), the club announced that it could no longer fulfil its fixtures; the League therefore expelled the club and expunged its results.

End of the club
By 1892, Halliwell's financial state was such that other clubs played friendly matches to raise money for the club. The club's last FA Cup campaign was in 1892–93, beating West Manchester F.C. in the preliminary qualifying round, helped considerably by West having a Lancashire League match on the same day, which took priority, and Halliwell squeezed past West's reserves 4–3. The club went to Stockport County for the first qualifying round, losing 4–0, but successfully protested about the state of the Stockport pitch. However the club lost the replayed tie 4-2 and no more is heard of the club; a junior club, Halliwell Rovers, eventually stepped up to represent the borough at senior level.

Colours
The club's original colours were navy blue jerseys, white knickers, and blue & white hose. By 1882–83, the club was wearing white jerseys, and at the start of the 1884–85 season, the club's "new dress" was black and gold stripes, described as "waspish". The club donned a new set of yellow and black jerseys in January 1887, which gave the side the appearance of "bilious spiders".

In 1888 the club changed to "jerseys of pure white", originally with "dark" knickers, but from 1889 white knickers. The old "spider" shirts were retained as a change kit.

Ground
The club's ground was The Bennetts, one and a half miles from Bolton Station, or from Oaks Station. The ground was better known outside Lancashire as the Halliwell Cricket Ground.

Records

 * Best FA Cup performance: 3rd Round, 1885–86, 1887–88