Henry A. Lyons

Henry Augustus Lyons (October 5, 1809 – July 27, 1872) was the second Chief Justice of California, appointed to the court by the California State Legislature at the formation of the state. He was the first Jewish justice on the court.

Background
Lyons was one of five sons and a daughter born to Solomon and Sarah (also known as Rebecca) Lyons in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Around 1834, Lyons's older brother Zaligman Selwin became an attorney and moved to Jackson, Louisiana. Lyons then followed and settled in St. Francisville. In May 1846, Governor Isaac Johnson appointed Lyons as an aide-de-camp to the commander-in-chief of the Louisiana militia during the Mexican–American War. In April 1849, Lyons lost a lawsuit over a promissory note for $2,200 he signed in April 1843 in West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana.

Lyons married Eliza Pirrie in 1840. Pirrie was already twice a widow and had a boy, Robert Hillard Jr, from her first husband Robert Hillard, and two children (Isabelle and James Pirrie Bowman) with her second husband William Robert Bowman. Together with Lyons, they had three daughters and a son: Lucy Pirrie, Cora August and Eliza (who died in childhood in 1853), and Henry A. Lyons, Jr. In 1851, Lyons's wife died aged 46. On February 27, 1891, his daughter, Cora, died in San Rafael, California, at the age of 46, the same age as her mother.

Career in California
Lyons left his family to travel to California during the Gold Rush, ultimately settling in the Sonora area. In 1849, he ran for State Senate. In 1849, he sought a seat on the newly formed state Supreme Court. An experienced attorney, he came in second for the votes by the state Senate for the California Supreme Court (behind Justice Serranus Clinton Hastings). Hastings had a two-year term ending in 1852, and Lyons then took over as chief justice. Lyons resigned as Chief on March 31, 1852, after serving only three months. Lyons wrote a total of eleven opinions during his term on the Court: nine as an associate justice and two as Chief.

After his term, Lyons remained active in politics but did not return to practicing law. Instead, he focused on his business interests in San Francisco and mining ventures. In June 1852, Lyons served as a delegate from California to the Democratic National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland.

Lyons died on July 27, 1872, in San Francisco.