Italian submarine Ettore Fieramosca

Ettore Fieramosca was an Italian submarine which served with the Regia Marina in World War II. She was named after Ettore Fieramosca, an Italian condottiero of the 16th century.

Design
Ettore Fieramosca was designed by the firm Bernardis and was intended to be a cruiser submarine which carried a seaplane in a waterproof hangar and a 203 mm gun; such a design was inspired by the similar (although bigger) FRENCH SUBMARINE Surcouf, then under construction in France. Several prototype seaplanes were designed but not deployed and the hangar was removed in 1931. The deck gun was initially a 120 mm 27-calibre OTO model of 1924, but this was later replaced by a 120 mm 45-calibre OTO model of 1931.

However Ettore Fieramosca proved to be rather over-dimensioned for her armament, slower than intended—the intended speed of 20 kn while surfaced was never achieved—with poor maneuverability, both surfaced and underwater, and rather poor endurance. Due to her huge cost and these shortcomings, plans to build more boats to the same designs were shelved.

Career
Ettore Fieramosca was built by Cantieri navali Tosi di Taranto. She was laid down in 1926, launched on 15 April 1929 and completed in 1930. During the Spanish Civil War, she unsuccessfully attacked the Republican light cruiser SPANISH CRUISER Méndez Núñez and the destroyers SPANISH DESTROYER Sánchez Barcáiztegui and SPANISH DESTROYER Gravina with three torpedoes on a patrol from 21 December 1936 to 5 January 1937. During a second patrol in February, the boat bombarded Barcelona with a total of 45 shells on the nights of 8/9 and 9/10 February, slightly damaging the tanker SS Zorrosa on the second night.

Plagued with incidents and mechanical trouble for her entire career, she was deployed on only a few operational patrols in 1940, but did not achieve any successes against enemy targets.

She suffered a battery explosion late in 1940 and was decommissioned in April 1941; eventually she was stricken and scrapped.