Kalapahar

Kalapahada (in Odia language) or '''Kala Pahar'was an afgan mercenary Muslim General of the Bengal Sultanate under the reigning Karrani Dynasty.

Military Campaigns
Sultan Sulaiman sent his army into Odisha to expand his Sultanate under the command of his son "Bayazid and general Kalapahar alias Raju". They defeated and killed the king Mukund-Dev. The general Kalapahar led a contingent deep into the kingdom to subjugate it.

He also successfully fought the Cooch Behar army after the Koch king had attacked the Sultanate; Sukladhwaja was imprisoned and the capital seized. However, fearing an attack from the Mughal armies, Sultan Sulaiman ordered Kalapahad to withdraw and restored status-quo. In 1575, the Sultan's son Bayazid was treacherously murdered. Kalapahar rallied around Daud Karrani who ascended to the throne of the Bengal Sultanate but were defeated at Battle of Rajmahal in July 1576.

Legacy
The term Kalapahad (or Black Mountain in English) has come to mean iconoclast among the Hindu population in Bengal, Orissa and Northeast India. It has also been used derogatorily against Bengali Muslims and other Muslims of the eastern part of the subcontinent. In March 2021, the Indian Minister of Home Affairs Amit Shah referred to AIUDF leader Badruddin Ajmal as Kalapahad and as an infiltrator.