List of Austrian scientists

This is a list of Austrian scientists and scientists from the Austria of Austria-Hungary.

Economists

 * Siegfried Becher, economist and government minister
 * Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk
 * Ernst Fehr
 * Simon Gächter
 * Friedrich Hayek, economist and social scientist, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974
 * Rudolf Hilferding (1877-1941), Marxist and politician (murdered by the Gestapo in Paris)
 * Leopold Kohr, economist
 * Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian School of economics
 * Ludwig von Mises, free-market economist
 * Oskar Morgenstern, co-founder of game theory
 * Martin Nowak
 * Joseph Schumpeter, economist (neoclassical), born in Triech, Austria-Hungary
 * Othmar Spann, economist and philosopher
 * Friedrich von Wieser, economist (regarded as follower of the Austrian School of economics)

Engineers, inventors

 * Carlo Abarth, motorcycle racer and car designer
 * Igo Etrich (1879-1967), aviation pioneer and pilot
 * Anselm Franz, pioneer in jet engine engineering
 * Gaston Glock, inventor, founder of GLOCK GmbH
 * Claire Gmachl, quantum cascade laser and mid-IR technologies pioneer
 * Eduard Haas, inventor of Pez candy
 * Ingeborg Hochmair, electrical engineer who developed the modern cochlear implant
 * Viktor Kaplan, inventor of turbines for river power plants
 * Wilhelm Kress, aviation pioneer, inventor of the stick control for airplanes
 * Hedy Lamarr, known for research in frequencies, needed for mobile phones
 * Siegfried Marcus, automobile pioneer (vehicles of 1870 and 1889), lived most of his life in Austria
 * Alois Negrelli, engineer and railroad pioneer (created the plans for the Suez Canal)
 * Ferdinand Porsche, automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), born in Austria-Hungary
 * Johann Puch, engineer and entrepreneur
 * Josef Ressel, inventor of the marine screw propeller
 * Edmund Rumpler, engineer, aviation pioneer
 * Alois Senefelder, inventor of the printing technique of Lithography
 * Nikola Tesla, inventor, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer (prior to moving to Paris in 1882)
 * Max Valier, rocketry pioneer
 * Auer von Welsbach, inventor of gaslight

Philosophers

 * Nathan Birnbaum, philosopher (created the word "Zionism")
 * Franz Brentano, philosopher and psychologist
 * Martin Buber (1878-1965), philosopher, born in Vienna
 * Christian von Ehrenfels, philosopher
 * Herbert Feigl, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle)
 * Paul Feyerabend (died 1994), philosopher
 * Philipp Frank, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle)
 * Heinrich Gomperz (1873-1942), philosopher, born in Vienna
 * Edmund Husserl, philosopher (born in Prossnitz, Austria-Hungary)
 * Victor Kraft, philosopher
 * Nachman Krochmal, philosopher, historian and theologian
 * Alexius Meinong (1853-1920), philosopher (theory of objects)
 * Otto Neurath, socialist, economist and philosopher
 * Karl Popper, philosopher (born in Austria, became British)
 * Moritz Schlick, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle)
 * Othmar Spann, philosopher and economist
 * Rudolf Steiner, mystic and philosopher
 * Friedrich Waismann, mathematician, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle)
 * Otto Weininger, philosopher
 * Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher, born 1889 in Vienna

Physicians

 * Alfred Adler, psychiatrist, father of Individual Psychology
 * Hans Asperger, pediatrician (most known for work on autism, Asperger syndrome named for him)
 * Leopold Auenbrugger (1722-1809), physician (method of percussion)
 * Robert Bárány, physician, 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
 * Georg Joseph Beer, physician (forerunner in ophthalmology)
 * Lorenz Böhler, physician
 * Josef Breuer, psychiatrist (forerunner in psychoanalysis)
 * Carl Cori, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947
 * Ernst, Baron von Feuchtersleben, physician and poet
 * Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, physician and physiologist (studies of nerves and the brain)
 * Viktor Frankl, psychiatrist, father of logotherapy
 * Sigmund Freud, psychiatrist, father of psychoanalysis
 * Karl von Frisch, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
 * Otto Gross, physician and revolutionist
 * Josef Hyrtl, anatomist
 * Nicolaus Joseph Jacquin, physician and botanist
 * Eric Kandel, neuropsychiatrist (born Vienna, emigrated to the US)
 * Leo Kanner, child psychiatrist
 * Fritz Köberle, physician (emigrated to Brazil)
 * Karl Landsteiner (1886-1943), physician, serologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
 * Franz Mesmer (1734-1815), physician, developed an early form of hypnotism
 * Ernst Moro, physician and pediatrician
 * Paracelsus (real name: Theophrast von Hohenheim), alchemist and physician
 * Clemens von Pirquet, pediatrician and scientist in bacteriology and immunology
 * Karl Pribram, physician, neuroscientist, originator of Holonomic brain theory
 * Carl Rabl, anatomist
 * Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), psychiatrist
 * Erwin Ringel (1921-1994), Austrian psychiatrist (presuicidal syndrome)
 * Hans Selye, physician (emigrated to Canada)
 * Ignaz Semmelweis, physician (born in Hungary, Austria-Hungary)
 * Hans Steiner, child and adolescent psychiatrist
 * Julius Wagner-Jauregg, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927
 * Rudolf Wlassak, physiologist and neurologist 1865-1930

Physicists, mathematicians and chemists

 * Emil Artin, mathematician (Artin's conjecture)
 * Norbert Bischofberger, chemist
 * Wilhelm Blaschke, mathematician
 * Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906), physicist, born in Vienna
 * Fritjof Capra, physicist
 * Christian Andreas Doppler, physicist, 1803-1853, born in Salzburg (See Doppler effect)
 * Paul Ehrenfest, physicist and mathematician
 * Heinz Falk, chemist
 * Kurt Gödel, mathematician (born in Austria-Hungary, became a naturalized US citizen)
 * Thomas Gold, astrophysicist, geophysicist, controversial for 'steady state' view of cosmos and abiogenic petroleum origin theory
 * Wolfgang Gröbner, mathematician (best known for Gröbner basis)
 * Hans Hahn, mathematician (member of the Vienna Circle)
 * Wilhelm Karl, Ritter von Haidinger, physicist, geologist and mineralogist of the 19th century
 * Friedrich Hasenöhrl, physicist
 * Victor Franz Hess, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics
 * Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, chemist
 * Walter Kohn, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1998
 * Karl Kordesch, chemist and inventor
 * Anton Schrötter von Kristelli, chemist and mineralogist (red phosphor)
 * Richard Kuhn, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1938
 * Johann Josef Loschmidt, physicist and chemist
 * Ernst Mach, physicist and philosopher (Mach number)
 * Lise Meitner, physicist
 * Karl Menger, mathematician (Menger's theorem, Menger sponge); son of Carl Menger)
 * Ronald Micura, chemist
 * Richard von Mises, physicist (younger brother of Ludwig von Mises)
 * Otto E. Neugebauer, mathematician and astronomer
 * Wolfgang Pauli, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1945
 * Max Ferdinand Perutz, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962
 * Josef Maximilian Petzval, physicist and mathematician
 * Fritz Pregl, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923
 * Johann Radon, mathematician
 * Otto Redlich, physical chemist
 * Leopold Ružička (born in Croatia, Austria-Hungary in 1887), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944
 * Karl Schlögl, chemist
 * Erwin Schrödinger, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics
 * Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze, mathematician
 * Leopold Vietoris (1891-2002), mathematician
 * Victor Frederick Weisskopf, physicist (worked on the Manhattan Project)
 * Carl Auer von Welsbach, chemist
 * Anton Zeilinger, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 2022
 * Gernot Zippe, physicist (developed Zippe-type centrifuge to extract Uranium-235 for nuclear weapons)
 * Mario Zippermayr, physicist, inventor of the thermobaric weapon
 * Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1925

Psychologists

 * Bruno Bettelheim, psychologist
 * Anna Freud, child psychologist
 * Sigmund Freud, founding father of psychoanalysis
 * Fritz Heider, psychologist
 * Melanie Klein (1882-1960), child psychotherapist (emigrated to England in 1926)
 * Walter Mischel (1930-2018), psychologist
 * Otto Rank, pioneer psychologist
 * Paul Watzlawick (1921-2007), family therapist and psychologist

Other scientists

 * Ludwig von Bertalanffy, biologist, systems theory
 * Othenio Abel, paleontologist
 * Max Adler (1873-1937), jurist and Marxist author
 * Christopher Alexander, architectural theorist
 * Wilhelm Alzinger, archeologist
 * Oscar Baumann, philosopher, explorer, ethnologist and geographer
 * Heinz von Foerster, physicist and philosopher (working in the field of cybernetics)
 * Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, orientalist
 * Julius Hann, meteorologist
 * Hans Hass, biologist
 * Wolf-Dieter Heiss, neuroscientist
 * Thomas Henzinger, computer scientist, founding president of the IST Austria
 * Hans Kelsen, jurist; father of the Austrian constitution
 * Paul Felix Lazarsfeld, social scientist
 * Otto Loewi, pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born in Germany, but spent 40 years in Austria, from age 25-65)
 * Konrad Lorenz, zoologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
 * Gregor Mendel, pioneer of genetics
 * August Emanuel von Reuss, paleontologist
 * Rupert Riedl, zoologist
 * Joseph Rock, explorer, geographer, botanist and linguist