List of Hikayat

Hikayat (Jawi: حكاية; ਹਿਕਾਇਤਾ) is an Arabic word that literally translates to "stories" and is a form of Malay and Sikh literature. This article presents a list of hikayat from various time periods.

Malay
Malay hikayats relate the adventures of heroes from kingdoms across the Malay archipelago (spanning modern Indonesia and Malaysia, especially in Sumatra) or chronicles of their royalty. The stories they contain, though based on history, are heavily romanticized. Poetical format is not required in Malay and Arabic Hikayat while the Acehnese Hikayat requires it.

Sikh
Hikayats also appear in Sikh literature of the Indian subcontinent, of which 11 or 12 are associated with Guru Gobind Singh.

14th century

 * Hikayat Bayan Budiman Bayan 1371  (MS 1852)
 * Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai Pasai ±1390  (MS 1815)

15th century

 * Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah  MH ±1450   (MSS <1624, <1682)
 * Hikayat Amir Hamzah

16th century

 * Hikayet Deva Mandu
 * Hikayat Seri Rama   Rama unknown   (MS <1633) (A Ramayana translation into Malay  )
 * Hikayat Inderaputera   Ind <1600   (MS 1600) (Hikayat Indraputra)
 * Hikayat Iskandar Zulkarnain   Isk <1600   (MS ±1830)
 * Qasidah al-Burdah   QB unknown   (MS <1604)
 * `Aqâ´id al-Nasafî   AN 1590   (MS ditto)
 * Syair Hamzah Fansuri   HF late 16th century   (MSS early 17th century - 1853)

17th century

 * Spraek en Woord-Boek   SWB 1603
 * Taj al-Salatin (Dewan)   TS.D 1603   (MS ±1775)
 * Taj al-Salatin (Roorda)   TS.R 1603
 * Hikayat Aceh   Aceh ±1625   (MS ±1675)
 * Cerita Kutai   Kutai 1625   (MS 1849)
 * Bustan al-Salatin   BS 1640   (MS >1807)
 * Hujjat al-Siddîq   HS 1641-1644   (MS 1772)
 * Hikayat Tanah Hitu   Hitu 1650   (MS <1662)
 * Hikayat Ibrahim ibn Adham   IbrA ±1650   (MS 1775)
 * Hikayat Pelanduk Jenaka   Pel unknown   (MS ±1650)
 * Sejarah Melayu SM ±1650  (MS 1808)
 * Hikayat Banjar dan Kota Waringin   Banj 1663   (MS 1810)
 * Tarjumân al-Mustafîd   TM 1642-1693   (MS ±1675)
 * Bab Takzir   BT ±1680   (MS <1753)
 * Hikayat Ibrahim ibn Adham (short)   IbrA.s 1689   (MS 1817)
 * Raja Babi (1775)

18th century

 * Asal Bangsa Jin & Dewa-Dewa   ABJD ±1700   (MS 1855)
 * Hikayat Hang Tuah   Tuah 1700   (MS 1849)
 * Hikayat Patani   Pat 1730   (MS 1839)
 * Surat al-Anbiya'   Anb ±1750
 * Syair Bidasari   Bid ±1750   (MS 1825)
 * Risalah Shihabuddin   RS 1750s   (MS 1823)
 * Risalah fi 'l-Tawhid   RT 1760s   (MS 1783)
 * Misa Melayu   Misa ±1780   (MS 1836)
 * Hikayat Nakhoda Muda   Nakh 1788   (MS <1791)
 * Hikaaitaan - Hikayats by Guru Gobind Singh (1704)

19th century

 * Hikayat Perintah Negeri Benggala   PNB 1811   (MS 1811)
 * Syair Sultan Maulana   Maul ±1815   (MS 1825)
 * Syair Sinyor Kosta   Kosta 1820
 * Syair Raja Tedung dengan Raja Katak   T&K unknown   (MS ±1865)
 * Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa   MW ±1821   (MS 1898)
 * Surat Keterangan Syeikh Jalaluddin   SJal >1821   (MS <1829)
 * Silsilah Perak   Perak ±1826
 * Syair Kerajaan Bima   Bima ±1830   (MS 1857)
 * Syair Dagang Berjual-Beli   DBB 1831
 * Syair Potong Gaji   PG 1831
 * Syair Tengku Perbu   Perb 1835
 * Hikayat Panca Tanderan 1835
 * Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Kelantan 1838
 * Civil War in Kelantan   Kel 1839
 * Hikayat Marakarma (Si Miskin)   Misk unknown   (MS 1855)
 * Ceretera2 karangan Abdullah   Abd.C 1843,1851
 * Hikayat Abdullah 1843
 * Syair2 karangan Abdullah   Abd.S 1828-1848
 * Syair Engku Puteri   EPut 1844
 * Hikayat Maharaja Marakarma   Mar 1844 or 1848
 * Syair Perang Johor   PJ 1844
 * Hikayat Iblis   Iblis 1846
 * Syair Kunjungan Tengku Selangor   KTS <1860
 * Warnasarie   Ws 1852
 * Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah 1854
 * Mukhtasar Tawarikh al-Wustha   TW 1854
 * Hikayat Siak   Siak 1855   (MS 1893)
 * Syair Kumbang Mengindera   Kumb <1859
 * Surat kepada Von de Wall   VdW 1856-1872
 * Syair Bayan Budiman   BayB ±1860
 * Syair Kumbang dan Melati   K&M <1866
 * Syair Bunga Air Mawar   Mwr <1866
 * Syair Nuri dengan Simbangan   Nuri ±1860
 * Syair Nyamuk dan Lalat   Nymk ±1860
 * Syair Saudagar Bodoh   SBod 1861
 * Hikayat Raja Damsyik   Dmsy.H 1863
 * Syair Raja Damsyik   Dmsy.S 1864
 * Syair Kiamat   Kmt unknown   (MS 1865)
 * Salasilah Melayu dan Bugis   M&B 1865
 * Tuhfat al-Nafis   TN 1866   (MS 1890)
 * Syair Awai   Awai 1868
 * Syair Bunga-Bungaan   Bunga ±1870
 * Syair Burung Pungguk   Pung ±1870
 * Syair Unggas Soal Jawab   Ungg 1871
 * Syair Sang Kupu-Kupu   Kupu ? 1870s
 * Kitab Suci   KS 1879 (PL), 1935 (PB)
 * Raja Inggeris Jubili   RIJ 1887
 * Ucapan Kwin Jubili   UKJ 1887 (edition 1891) PB 1889-1938
 * Muhimmat al-Nafa´is   MN 1892
 * Syair Perjalanan Sultan Lingga   PSL 1894
 * Al-Imam   Imam 1906-1908
 * Syair Raksi   Raksi unknown   (MS 1915)
 * Majalah Guru   MG 1930-1935
 * Saudara   S 1930-1935
 * Warta Malaya   WM 1931-1935
 * Majlis   M 1932-1935

Miscellaneous

 * Hikayat Mara Karma
 * Hikayat Gul Bakawali
 * Hikayat Perang Sabil (Hikayat Prang Sabi)
 * Hikayat Raja Baday
 * Hikayat Éseutamu

The original Jawi script Acehnese language work Hikayat Perang Sabil (Hikayat Prang Sabi) has been transliterated into the Latin alphabet and annotated by Ibrahim Alfian (Teuku.) published in Jakarta. Perang sabi was the Acehnese word for jihad, a holy war and Acehnese language literary works on perang sabi were distributed by Islamic clerics ('ulama) such as Teungku di Tiro to help the resistance against the Dutch in the Aceh War. The recompense awarded by in paradise detailed in Islamic Arabic texts and Dutch atrocities were expounded on in the Hikayat Perang Sabil which was communally read by small cabals of Ulama and Acehnese who swore an oath before going to achieve the desired status of "martyr" by launching suicide attacks on the Dutch. Perang sabil was the Malay equivalent to other terms like Jihad, Ghazawat for "Holy war", the text was also spelled "Hikayat perang sabi". Fiction novels like Sayf Muhammad Isa's Sabil: Prahara di Bumi Rencong on the war by Aceh against the Dutch include references ro Hikayat Perang Sabil. Mualimbunsu Syam Muhammad wrote the work called "Motives for Perang Sabil in Nusantara", Motivasi perang sabil di Nusantara: kajian kitab Ramalan Joyoboyo, Dalailul-Khairat, dan Hikayat Perang Sabil on Indonesia's history of Islamic holy war (Jihad). Children and women were inspired to do suicide attacks by the Hikayat Perang Sabil against the Dutch. Hikayat Perang Sabil is also known as "Hikayat Prang Sabi". Hikayat Perang Sabil is considered as part of 19th century Malay literature. In Dutch occupied Aceh, Hikayat Perang Sabil was confiscated from Sabi's house during a Police raid on September 27, 1917.