List of Indo-Scythian dynasties and rulers

The Indo-Scythians or Indo-Sakas were the branch of Saka empire in South Asia. Indo-Scythians were a group of nomadic Iranian peoples of Scythian origin who migrated from Central Asia southward into the northwestern Indian subcontinent. They started expansion in South Asia from 200 to 100 BCE and established rule between 100 and 80 BCE, their rule in Indian Subcontinent was lasted until 415s CE.



The first Saka king of India was Maues/Moga (1st century BCE) who established Saka power in Gandhara. The Indo-Scythians extended their supremacy over north-western subcontinent, conquering the Indo-Greeks and other local kingdoms. The Indo-Scythians were apparently subjugated by the Kushan Empire, by either Kujula Kadphises or Kanishka. Yet the Saka continued to govern as satrapies, forming the Northern Satraps and Western Satraps. The power of the Saka rulers started to decline in the 2nd century CE after the Indo-Scythians were defeated by the Satavahana emperor Gautamiputra Satakarni. Indo-Scythian rule in the northwestern subcontinent ceased when the last Western Satrap Rudrasimha IIII was defeated by the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II in 395 CE. Later Western Saka rulers (c. 396 to 415 CE) were conquered by Imperial Gupta Empire and it brings to end of Saka rule in Indian Subcontinent.

Satraps dynasty of Gandhara (c. 85 BCE – 50 CE)
This branch of Indo-Scythian ruled over regions of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Eastern Afghanistan and Gandhara region.


 * List of rulers–
 * Maues, (c. 85–60 BCE)
 * Vonones, (c. 75–65 BCE)
 * Spalahores, (c. 75–65 BCE), brother of King Vonones and probably the later King Spalirises
 * Spalagadames, (c. 60–57 BCE), son of Spalahores
 * Spalirises (c. 57–47 BCE), brother of King Vonones
 * Azes I (c. 47–25 BCE), descended from Maues
 * Azilises, (c. 25–20 BCE)
 * Zeionises, (c. 10 BCE–10 CE)
 * Kharahostes, (c. 10 BCE–10 CE)
 * Hajatria (c. until 40/50 CE)

Northern Satraps dynasty (c. 60 BCE – 130 CE)



 * List of rulers–

Apracha dynasty (c. 15 BCE – 50 CE)



 * Family tree–


 * List of rulers–

Western Satraps dynasty (c. 50 BCE – 415 CE)



 * Family tree–

Kshaharata dynasty (c. 1st century BCE to 1st century CE)
This branch of Indo-Scythian ruled over regions of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and beyond.


 * List of rulers–
 * Liaka Kusuluka, satrap of Chuksa
 * Kusulaka Patika, satrap of Chuksa and son of Liaka Kusulaka
 * Yapirajaya
 * Hospises
 * Higaraka
 * Abhiraka (Aubhirakes)

Kardamaka (Bhadramukhas) dynasty
(main founder of the Western Satraps)
 * List of rulers–
 * Abhiraka (Aubhirakes)
 * Bhumaka Coin of Bhumaka.jpg
 * Nahapana (c. r. between 24 and 78 CE) Silver coin of Nahapana British Museum.jpg
 * Viceroy Ushavadata


 * Chastana (78–130) ChastanaCoin.jpg, son of Ysāmotika
 * Jayadaman, Jayadaman.jpg son of Chastana
 * Rudradaman I (130–150) Coin of Rudradaman.jpg, son of Jayadaman
 * Damajadasri I (170–175) Damajadasri.jpg
 * Jivadaman (178-181, d. 199) Jivadaman Saka Era 100 coin.jpg
 * Rudrasimha I (180–188, d. 197) Western Satrap Coin of Rudrasimha I .jpg
 * Rudrasimha I (restored) (191–197) Western Satrap Coin of Rudrasimha I .jpg
 * Satyadaman (197-198) Satyadaman.jpg
 * Jivadaman (restored) (197–199) Coin of Jivadaman 119 Shaka Era 197 CE.jpg
 * Rudrasena I (200–222) Coin of Rudrasena.jpg
 * Prthivisena (222) Prthivisena.jpg
 * Samghadaman (222–223) Samghadaman.jpg
 * Damasena (223–232) Western Satrap Damasena.jpg
 * Damajadasri II (232–239) Western Satrap Damajadasri II.jpg with
 * Viradaman (234–238) Western Satrap Viradaman.jpg
 * Isvaradatta (236–239) Western Satrap Isvaradatta.jpg
 * Yasodaman I (239) Western Satrap Yasodaman I.jpg
 * Vijayasena (239–250) I85 drachme Vijayasena MACW270203 1ar (8507423804).jpg
 * Damajadasri III (251–255) Western Satrap Damajadasri III.jpg
 * Rudrasena II (255–277) Rudrasena II Circa 256-278 CE.jpg
 * Visvasimha (277–282) Western Satrap Visvasimha.jpg
 * Bhartrdaman (282–295) Silver coin of Bhartrdaman.jpg
 * Visvasena (293–304) Western Satrap Visvasena.jpg

Rudrasimha II dynasty (c. 304 – 415 CE)

 * List of rulers–
 * Rudrasimha II (304–348) Rudrasimha II coin.jpg, son of Lord (Svami) Jivadaman, with
 * Yasodaman II (317–332) Yasodaman II.jpg
 * Rudradaman II (332–348) No coins known


 * (Sridharavarman (339-368) Sridharavarman_pillar_(horserider_detail).jpg No coins known
 * Rudrasena III (348–380) Rudrasena III.jpg
 * Simhasena (380–384/5) Simhasena.jpg
 * Rudrasena IV (382–388) Rudrasena IV.jpg
 * Rudrasimha III (388–415)Coin of Rudrasimha III.jpg

Minor local rulers

 * Bhadayasa
 * Mamvadi
 * Arsakes