List of conflicts in Europe

This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.

There are various definitions of Europe and in particular, there is a significant dispute about the eastern and southeastern boundaries, specifically about how to define the countries of the former Soviet Union. This list is based on a wide definition that includes much of the interface between Europe and Western Asia.

Pre-500 BCE

 * c. 5000 BCE Talheim Death Pit
 * c. 1300 BCE Tollense valley battlefield
 * c. 1104–900 BCE Dorian invasion
 * c. 753–351 BCE Roman–Etruscan Wars
 * c. 753–494 BCE Roman–Sabine wars
 * 743–724 BCE First Messenian War
 * 710–650 BCE Lelantine War
 * circa 700–601 BCE Alban war with Rome
 * 685–668 BCE Second Messenian War
 * 669–668 BCE Sparta–Argos War
 * 600–265 BCE Greek–Punic Wars
 * 595–585 BCE First Sacred War
 * 560 BCE Second Arcadian War
 * 540 BCE Battle of Alalia
 * 538–522 BCE Polycrates wars

500–200 BCE

 * 509–396 BCE Early Italian campaigns
 * 500–499 BCE Persian invasion of Naxos'
 * 499–493 BCE Ionian Revolt
 * 492–490 BCE First Persian invasion of Greece
 * 482–479 BCE Second Persian invasion of Greece
 * 480–307 BCE Sicilian Wars
 * 460–445 BCE First Peloponnesian War
 * 449–448 BCE Second Sacred War
 * 440–439 BCE Samian War
 * 431–404 BCE Second Peloponnesian War
 * 404–403 BCE Phyle Campaign
 * 395–387 BCE Corinthian War
 * 390–387 BCE Celtic invasion of Italia
 * 378–371 BCE Boeotian War
 * 378–362 BCE Theban-Spartan War
 * 357–355 BCE Social War
 * 356–346 BCE Third Sacred War
 * 346-344 BCE Foreign War
 * 335 BCE Alexander's Balkan campaign
 * 323–322 BCE Lamian War
 * 280–275 BCE Pyrrhic War
 * 272 BCE Pyrrhus' invasion of the Peloponnese
 * 267–261 BCE Chremonidean War
 * 264–241 BCE First Punic War
 * 229– 222 BCE Cleomenean War
 * 229–228 BCE First Illyrian War
 * 220–216 BCE Lyttian War
 * 220–217 BCE Social War
 * 220–219 BCE Second Illyrian War
 * 218–201 BCE Second Punic War
 * 214–205 BCE First Macedonian War

200 BCE onwards

 * 200–197 BCE Second Macedonian War
 * 195 BCE Laconian War
 * 191–189 BCE Aetolian War
 * 171–168 BCE Third Macedonian War
 * 146 BCE Achaean War
 * 135–132 BCE First Servile War
 * 113–101 BCE Cimbrian War
 * 113 BCE – 476 CE Germanic Wars
 * 104–100 BCE Second Servile War
 * 91–87 BCE Social War
 * 87 BCE Bellum Octavianum
 * 85 BCE Colchis uprising against Pontus
 * 80–72 BCE Sertorian War
 * 82–81 BCE Sulla's civil war
 * 77 BCE Marcus Aemilius Lepidus
 * 73–71 BCE Third Servile War
 * 73–63 BCE Roman Expansion in Syria & Judea
 * 65–63 BCE Pompey's campaign in Caucasus
 * 63–62 BCE Second Catilinarian conspiracy
 * 55–54 BCE Caesar's invasions of Britain
 * 58–51 BCE Gallic Wars
 * 49–45 BCE Caesar's Civil War
 * 42–36 BCE Bellum Siculum
 * 43 BCE Battle of Mutina
 * 43–42 BCE Liberators' civil war
 * 41–40 BCE Perusine War
 * 32–30 BCE Final War of the Roman Republic
 * 29–19 BCE Cantabrian Wars
 * 12 BCE - 16 CE Early Germanic campaigns

1st–10th century CE

 * 6–9 Bellum Batonianum
 * 21 Revolt of Sacrovir
 * 49–96 Roman conquest of Britain
 * 51 Armenian–Iberian war
 * 60–61 Boudica's uprising
 * 69 Year of the Four Emperors
 * 69–70 Revolt of the Batavi
 * 86–88 Domitian's Dacian War
 * 101–106 Trajan's Dacian Wars
 * 166–180 Marcomannic Wars
 * 193 Year of the Five Emperors
 * 208–210 Roman invasion of Caledonia
 * 235–284 Crisis of the Third Century
 * 238 Year of the Six Emperors
 * 267–269 Gothic War (267–269)
 * 274 Battle of Châlons
 * 284–285 Roman civil war
 * 306–324 Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
 * 350–353 Roman civil war
 * 356–378 Roman-Alamanni War
 * 360–361 Roman civil war
 * 367–368 Great Conspiracy
 * 367–369 Gothic War (367–369)
 * 376–382 Gothic War (376–382)
 * 387–388 Roman civil war
 * 394 Roman civil war (394)
 * 395-398 Revolt of Alaric I
 * 398 Stilicho's Pictish War
 * 401–403 Gothic War (401–403)
 * 405–406 War of Radagaisus
 * 406–413 Roman civil war (Constantine III)
 * 409–411 Gerontian Revolt
 * 411–413 Revolt of Jovinus
 * 412-413 War of Heraclianus
 * 409–418 Gothic War (409–418)
 * 409–417: Bagaudae Revolt, uprising in the Loire valley and Brittany
 * 416–418 Gothic War in Spain (416-418)
 * 420 Battle of the Nervasos Mountains
 * 422 Battle of Tarraco
 * 424–425 Roman civil war (Joannes vs Galla Placidia)
 * 425–426: Gothic revolt of Theodoric I
 * 428: Frankish War (428)
 * 430-431 Aetius campaign in the Alps
 * 432 Roman civil war of 432
 * 435-436: Burgundian Revolt of Gunther - Flavius Aetius defects the Burgundians.
 * 435–437: Bagaudae uprising under Tibatto in Gaul suppressed by Flavius Aetius.
 * 436-439: Gothic War (436-439)
 * 436–437 Hunnic-Burgundian War
 * 439-443 Vandal War
 * 441-453 Attila's invasion of the Roman Empire
 * 455 Vandalic Sack of Rome
 * 456 Gothic War in Spain (456)
 * 457-458 Gothic War
 * 461-468 Vandal War
 * 461–476 Gothic War (461–476)
 * 486 Battle of Soissons
 * 492-508 Franco-Visigothic Wars
 * 526–532 Iberian War
 * 533-534 Vandalic War
 * 535–554 Gothic War (535–554)
 * 542–562 Lazic War
 * 582–602 Maurice's Balkan campaigns
 * c. 600–793 Frisian–Frankish wars
 * 650–799 Arab–Khazar wars
 * 680–1355 “Byzantine”–Bulgarian wars
 * 680 Battle of Ongal
 * 695–717 Twenty Years' Anarchy
 * 708 Byzantine–Bulgarian battle of Anchialus
 * 711–718 Umayyad conquest of Hispania
 * 715–718 Frankish Civil War (715–718)
 * 717–718 Second Siege of Constantinople
 * 722–1492 Reconquista
 * 719–759 Umayyad invasion of Gaul
 * 735–737 Marwan ibn Muhammad's invasion of Georgia
 * 759 “Byzantine”-Bulgarian battle of the Rishki Pass
 * 772–804 Saxon Wars
 * 792 ”Byzantine”-Bulgarian battle of Marcellae
 * c. 800/862–973 Hungarian invasions of Europe
 * 809 Siege of Serdica (Sofia)
 * 811 “Byzantine”-Bulgarian battle of Vărbitsa Pass (Battle of Pliska)
 * 813 “Byzantine”-Bulgarian battle of Versinikia
 * 830s Paphlagonian expedition of the Rus'
 * 839–1330 Bulgarian–Serb Wars (medieval)
 * 839–842 Bulgarian–Serb War (839–842)
 * 853 Bulgarian–Serb War (853)
 * 917–924 Bulgarian–Serb wars of 917–924
 * 854–1000 Croatian–Bulgarian wars
 * 854 Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 854
 * 926 Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 926
 * 998 Siege of Zadar
 * 860 Rus'–Byzantine War (860)
 * 865–878 Invasion of the Great Heathen Army
 * 880–1380 Bulgarian–Hungarian wars
 * 896 Battle of Southern Buh
 * 894–896 Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896
 * 907 Rus'–Byzantine War (907)
 * 913–927 Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 913–927
 * 917 Battle of Achelous
 * 914 Arab-Georgian War
 * 939 Battle of Andernach
 * 941 Rus'–Byzantine War (941)
 * 955 Battle of Recknitz
 * 967/968–971 Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
 * 980 Battle of Tara
 * 982 Battle of Stilo
 * 983 Great Slav Rising
 * 986 Battle of the Gates of Trajan

11th century

 * 1002–1018 German–Polish War
 * 1014–1208 Byzantine–Georgian wars
 * 1014 Battle of Clontarf
 * 1014 Battle of Kleidion
 * 1015–1016 Pisan–Genoese expeditions to Sardinia
 * 1015–1016 Cnut's invasion of England
 * 1018 Battle of Vlaardingen
 * 1018 Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria
 * 1024 Battle of Listven
 * 1024 Rus'–Byzantine War
 * 1040-1041 Bulgarian Uprising of Peter Delyan
 * 1043 Rus'–Byzantine War
 * 1044 Battle of Ménfő
 * 1046 Vata pagan uprising
 * 1048–1064 Invasion of Denmark
 * 1050–1185 Byzantine–Norman wars
 * 1051-1052 German-Hungarian War
 * 1057 Battle of Petroe
 * 1060 Battle of the Theben Pass
 * 1063 German invasion of Hungary
 * 1065–1067 War of the Three Sanchos
 * 1066 Norwegian invasion of England
 * 1066–1088 Norman conquest of England
 * 1067–1194 Norman invasion of Wales
 * 1067 Battle on the Nemiga River
 * 1068 Pecheneg invasion of Hungary
 * 1068 Battle of the Alta River
 * 1072 Bulgarian Uprising of Georgi Voyteh
 * 1073–1075 Saxon Rebellion
 * 1074 Hungarian Civil War
 * 1075 Revolt of the Earls
 * 1077–1088 Great Saxon Revolt
 * 1078 Battle of Kalavrye
 * 1088 Rebellion of 1088
 * 1091 Hungarian occupation of Croatia
 * 1093 Battle of Schmilau
 * 1093 Battle of the Stugna River
 * 1097 Battle of Gvozd Mountain
 * 1099–1204 Georgian–Seljuk wars

12th century

 * 1109 Battle of Głogów
 * 1115 Battle of Welfesholz
 * 1121 Battle of Didgori
 * 1126 Battle of Chlumec
 * 1125–1186 Guelphs and Ghibellines
 * 1127–1129 Byzantine-Hungarian War
 * 1130–1240 Civil war era in Norway
 * 1135–1153 The Anarchy
 * 1142–1445 Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
 * 1144–1162 Baussenque Wars
 * 1146 Battle of the Fischa
 * 1159–1345 Wars of the Guelphs and Ghibellines
 * 1164 Battle of Verchen
 * 1167 Battle of Sirmium
 * 1169–1175 Norman invasion of Ireland
 * 1173–1174 Revolt of 1173–74
 * 1185–1204 Uprising of Asen and Peter
 * 1198 Battle of Gisors
 * 1198–1290 Livonian Crusade
 * 1198–1215 German throne dispute

13th century

 * 1201 Battle of Stellau
 * 1202 Siege of Zadar
 * 1202–1214 Anglo-French War
 * 1204–1261 Nicaean–Latin wars
 * 1205 Battle of Serres (1205)
 * 1205 Battle of Zawichost
 * 1205 Battle of Adrianople (1205)
 * 1206 Battle of Rodosto
 * 1206 Battle of Rusion
 * 1207 Battle of Messinopolis
 * 1208 Battle of Beroia (1208)
 * 1208 Battle of Philippopolis (1208)
 * 1208–1227 Conquest of Estonia
 * 1209–1229 Albigensian Crusade
 * 1211 Welsh uprising of 1211
 * 1215–1217 First Barons' War
 * 1216–1392 Guelphs and Ghibellines
 * 1216–1222 War of Succession of Champagne
 * 1220–1264 Age of the Sturlungs
 * 1223–1241 Mongol invasion of Europe
 * 1223–1480 Tatar raids against Rus'
 * 1224 Siege of La Rochelle
 * 1227 Battle of Bornhöved
 * 1228–1230 War of the Keys
 * 1230 Battle of Klokotnitsa
 * 1231–1233 Friso-Drentic War
 * 1234–1238 Georgian-Mongol War
 * 1235 Siege of Constantinople (1235)
 * 1239–1245 Teltow War
 * 1241–1242 First Mongol invasion of Hungary
 * 1242–1243 Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia
 * 1242 Saintonge War
 * 1242–1249 Prussian uprisings
 * 1246–1282 War of the Babenberg Succession
 * 1256–1258 War of the Euboeote Succession
 * 1256–1381 Venetian–Genoese Wars
 * 1256–1422 Friso-Hollandic Wars
 * 1260 Battle of Kressenbrunn
 * 1260–1274 Prussian uprisings
 * 1262–1266 Scottish–Norwegian War
 * 1264–1267 Second Barons' War
 * 1264–1265 Hungarian Civil War
 * 1275–1276 The war against Valdemar Birgersson
 * 1276–1278 6000-mark war
 * 1276 War of Navarra
 * 1277–1280 Uprising of Ivaylo
 * 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld
 * 1282 Cumanic uprising in Hungary
 * 1282–1302 War of the Sicilian Vespers
 * 1283–1289 War of the Limburg Succession
 * 1284–1285 Aragonese Crusade
 * 1285–1286 Second Mongol invasion of Hungary
 * 1288–1295 War of the Outlaws
 * 1296–1357 Wars of Scottish Independence
 * 1297–1305 Franco-Flemish War
 * 1298 Battle of Göllheim

14th century

 * 1301–1308 Hungarian Interregnum
 * 1302 Battle of the Golden Spurs
 * 1304 Battle of Skafida
 * 1304–1310 The Swedish brother's feud
 * 1307 Battle of Lucka
 * 1310 – 1313 Henry VII's Italian campaign
 * 1311 Battle of Halmyros
 * 1311–1312 Rebellion of mayor Albert
 * 1312 Battle of Rozgony
 * 1313 Battle of Gammelsdorf
 * 1321–1322 Despenser War
 * 1321–1328 Byzantine civil war of 1321–28
 * 1322 Battle of Bliska
 * 1322 Battle of Mühldorf
 * 1323–1328 Peasant revolt in Flanders
 * 1324 War of Saint-Sardos
 * 1326–1332 Polish–Teutonic War
 * 1330 Hungarian-Wallachian War
 * 1332 Battle of Rusokastro
 * 1333–1338 Burke Civil War
 * 1337–1453 Hundred Years' War
 * 1340–1392 Galicia–Volhynia Wars
 * 1341–1347 Byzantine civil war of 1341–47
 * 1342–1350 Zealot's Rebellion
 * 1343–1345 St. George's Night Uprising
 * 1345–1396 Bulgarian–Ottoman wars
 * 1345 Battle of Peritheorion
 * 1355 Battle of Ihtiman
 * 1382/1385 Siege of Sofia
 * 1396 Battle of Nicopolis
 * 1347–1352 Neapolitan campaigns of Louis the Great
 * 1350–1498 Wars of the Vetkopers and Schieringers
 * 1350–1490 Hook and Cod wars
 * 1356–1358 Jacquerie
 * 1356–1375 War of the Two Peters
 * 1362 Battle of Helsingborg
 * 1362–1457 War of the Bands
 * 1366–1367 Savoyard crusade
 * 1366–1369 Castilian Civil War
 * 1366–1526 Hungarian-Ottoman Wars
 * 1366–1367 Savoyard crusade
 * 1369–1370 First Fernandine War
 * 1371–1413 Serbian–Ottoman wars
 * 1371 Battle of Maritsa
 * 1385/1387 Battle of Pločnik
 * 1371 Battle of Baesweiler
 * 1371–1379 War of the Guelderian Succession
 * 1371–1381 War of Chioggia
 * 1372–1373 Second Fernandine War
 * 1373–1379 Byzantine civil war of 1373–79
 * 1375 Gugler War
 * 1375–1378 War of the Eight Saints
 * 1381 Peasants' Revolt
 * 1381–1382 Third Fernandine War
 * 1381–1384 Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84)
 * 1382 Harelle and Maillotins Revolt
 * 1381–1404 Second Georgian–Mongol War
 * 1383–1385 Invasion of Portugal by Castille – Battle of Aljubarrota, 14 August 1385
 * 1387 Battle of Margate
 * 1389 Battle of Kosovo
 * 1389–1392 Lithuanian Civil War (1389–92)
 * 1395 Battle of Rovine
 * 1396 Battle of Nicopolis

15th century

 * 1400–1415 Glyndŵr Rising
 * 1401–1429 Appenzell Wars
 * 1407–1468 Georgian-Turkoman War
 * 1409–1411 Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War
 * 1410–1435 War of Slesvig
 * 1414 Hunger War
 * 1419–1434 Hussite Wars
 * 1422 Gollub War
 * 1422 Battle of Arbedo
 * 1425–1454 Wars in Lombardy
 * 1431–1435 Polish–Teutonic War
 * 1434–1436 Engelbrekt rebellion
 * 1437 Budai Nagy Antal revolt
 * 1438–1556 Russo-Kazan Wars
 * 1440–1446 Old Zürich War
 * 1441 Battle of Samobor
 * 1443–1444 Long campaign
 * 1444 Battle of Varna
 * 1445 First Battle of Olmedo
 * 1447–1448 Albanian–Venetian War
 * 1449–1450 First Margrave War
 * 1449 Battle of Castione
 * 1449–1453 Revolt of Ghent
 * 1450 Jack Cade's Rebellion
 * 1451–1455 Navarrese Civil War
 * 1453 Fall of Constantinople
 * 1453–1454 Morea revolt
 * 1454–1466 Thirteen Years' War
 * 1455–1485 Wars of the Roses
 * 1462 Night attack at Târgoviște
 * 1462–1485 Rebellion of the Remences
 * 1462–1472 Catalan Civil War
 * 1463–1479 Venetian-Ottoman War
 * 1465 Battle of Montlhéry
 * 1465–1468 Wars of Liège
 * 1466–1469 Irmandiño Wars
 * 1467 Second Battle of Olmedo
 * 1467 Hungarian - Moldavian war
 * 1467–1479 War of the Priests
 * 1468 Waldshut War
 * 1468–1478 Bohemian War
 * 1470–1471 Dano-Swedish War
 * 1470–1474 Anglo-Hanseatic War
 * 1474–1477 Burgundian Wars
 * 1475 Battle of Vaslui
 * 1475–1479 War of the Castilian Succession
 * 1476 Battle of Valea Alba
 * 1477–1488 Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–88)
 * 1478 Carinthian Peasant Revolt
 * 1478 Battle of Giornico
 * 1479 Battle of Guinegate
 * 1482–1484 War of Ferrara
 * 1484 Battle of Lochmaben Fair
 * 1485–1488 Mad War
 * 1487 Battle of Crevola
 * 1487 War of Rovereto
 * 1488 Battle of Sauchieburn
 * 1490-91 War of the Hungarian Succession
 * 1492–1583 Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars
 * 1493 Battle of Krbava Field
 * 1493–1593 Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
 * 1494–1498 Italian War of 1494–98
 * 1495–1497 Russo-Swedish War
 * 1497 Cornish Rebellion of 1497
 * 1497 Battle of Rotebro
 * 1499 Swabian War
 * 1499–1504 Italian War of 1499–1504 – 20,000 killed in action

16th century



 * c. 1500–1854 Lekianoba
 * 1501–1512 Dano-Swedish War (1501–1512)
 * 1502–1543 Guelders Wars
 * 1503–1505 War of the Succession of Landshut
 * 1508–1516 War of the League of Cambrai – 31,000 killed in action
 * 1509–1510 Polish–Moldavian War
 * 1514 Poor Conrad's Rebellion
 * 1514 Dózsa rebellion
 * 1514–1517 Saxon feud
 * 1515 Slovene Peasant Revolt
 * 1515–1523 Frisian peasant rebellion
 * 1519–1521 Polish–Teutonic War
 * 1520–1521 Revolt of the Comuneros
 * 1521–1523 Revolt of the Brotherhoods
 * 1521–1523 Swedish War of Liberation
 * 1521–1526 Italian War of 1521–1526 – 30,000 killed in action
 * 1521–1791 Habsburg-Ottoman Wars
 * 1522–1523 Knights' War
 * 1524–1525 German Peasants' War
 * 1526 Battle of Mohács
 * 1526 Revolt of Espadán
 * 1526–1530 War of the League of Cognac – 18,000 killed in action
 * 1526–1538 Hungarian Civil War
 * 1526–1527 Jovan Nenad uprising
 * 1529 First War of Kappel
 * 1531 Second War of Kappel
 * 1531–1532 War of Two Kings
 * 1534 Silken Thomas Rebellion
 * 1534–1535 Münster Rebellion
 * 1534–1536 Count's Feud
 * 1536–1537 Reformation in Norway
 * 1536–1537 Pilgrimage of Grace
 * 1540 Salt War
 * 1542–1546 Italian War of 1542–1546 – 47,000 killed in action
 * 1542–1543 Dacke War
 * 1543 Siege of Esztergom
 * 1543–1550 Rough Wooing
 * 1546–1547 Schmalkaldic War
 * 1549 Kett's Rebellion
 * 1549 Prayer Book Rebellion
 * 1550 Battle of Sauðafell
 * 1551–1559 Italian War of 1551–1559 – 75,000 killed in action
 * 1552–1555 Second Margrave War
 * 1554 Wyatt's rebellion
 * 1554–1557 Russo-Swedish War
 * 1558–1583 Livonian War
 * 1559–1564 Spanish-Ottoman War – 24,000 killed in action
 * 1560 Siege of Leith
 * 1562–1598 French Wars of Religion
 * 1563–1570 Northern Seven Years' War
 * 1565 Great Siege of Malta
 * 1566 Siege of Szigetvár
 * 1568–1570 Morisco Revolt
 * 1568–1648 Eighty Years' War
 * 1569–1580 Spanish-Ottoman War – 48,000 killed in action
 * 1569–1570 Rising of the North
 * 1569–1573 First Desmond Rebellion
 * 1573 Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt
 * 1578 Georgian-Ottoman War
 * 1579–1583 Second Desmond Rebellion
 * 1580–1583 War of the Portuguese Succession
 * 1583–1588 Cologne War
 * 1585–1604 English-Spanish War – 48,000 killed in action
 * 1588–1654 Dutch–Portuguese War
 * 1587–1588 War of the Polish Succession
 * 1590–1595 Russo-Swedish War
 * 1593 Battle of Sisak
 * 1593–1606 Thirteen Years' War
 * 1593–1617 Moldavian Magnate Wars
 * 1594–1603 Nine Years' War (Ireland)
 * 1595–1621 Moldavian Magnate Wars
 * 1595 Battle of Călugăreni
 * 1596–1597 Cudgel War
 * 1598 First Tarnovo uprising
 * 1598–1599 War against Sigismund
 * 1599 Battle of Șelimbăr

17th century

 * 1600–1629 Polish–Swedish War
 * 1601 Battle of Guruslău
 * 1602 Savoyard escalade of Geneva
 * 1604–1606 Bocskai Uprising
 * 1605–1618 Polish–Muscovite War
 * 1606–1607 Bolotnikov Rebellion
 * 1606–1608 Zebrzydowski Rebellion
 * 1610–1614 Spanish-Ottoman War – 15,000 killed in action
 * 1610–1617 Ingrian War
 * 1611–1613 Kalmar War
 * 1615–1618 Uskok War
 * 1615–1617 Spanish-Savoian War – 2,000 killed in action
 * 1617–1621 Spanish-Venetian War – 5,000 killed in action
 * 1618–1619 Spanish-Ottoman War – 6,000 killed in action
 * 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War
 * 1624–1625 Siege of Breda – Spain vs. Holland, England
 * 1635 Siege of Leuven – Spain vs. Holland, France
 * 1637 Battle off Lizard Point – Spain vs. Holland
 * 1638 Battle of Getaria – France vs. Spain
 * 1639 Battle of the Downs – Spain vs. Holland
 * 1643 Battle of Rocroi – France vs. Spain
 * 1648 Battle of Lens – France vs. Spain
 * 1618–1639 Bündner Wirren
 * 1620–1621 Polish–Ottoman War
 * 1625 Zhmaylo Uprising
 * 1627–1629 Anglo-French War
 * 1628–1631 War of the Mantuan Succession
 * 1630 Fedorovych Uprising
 * 1632–1634 Smolensk War
 * 1637 Pavlyuk Uprising
 * 1638 Ostryanyn Uprising
 * 1639–1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms
 * 1639–1640 Bishops' Wars
 * 1641–1653 Irish Confederate Wars
 * 1642–1651 English Civil War
 * 1642–1646 First English Civil War
 * 1648–1649 Second English Civil War
 * 1649–1651 Third English Civil War
 * 1649–1653 Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
 * 1640–1668 Spanish-Portuguese War – 80,000 killed in action
 * 1648–1659 Franco-Spanish War – 108,000 killed in action
 * 1648–1657 Khmelnytsky Uprising
 * 1651 Kostka-Napierski Uprising
 * 1651–1986 Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War
 * 1652–1674 Anglo-Dutch Wars
 * 1653 Swiss peasant war of 1653
 * 1654 First Bremian War
 * 1654–1667 Russo-Polish War
 * 1654–1660 English-Spanish War – 15,000 killed in action
 * 1655–1660 Second Northern War
 * 1656 War of Villmergen
 * 1666 Second Bremian War
 * 1666–1671 Polish–Cossack–Tatar War
 * 1667–1668 War of Devolution – 4,000 killed in action
 * 1670–1671 Razin's Rebellion
 * 1672 First Kuruc Uprising
 * 1672-1676 Polish-Ottoman War (1672-1676)
 * 1672–1678 Franco-Dutch War – 342,000 killed in action
 * 1672–1673 Second Genoese–Savoyard War
 * 1675–1679 Scanian War
 * 1676–1681 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1678–1685 Thököly Uprising
 * 1679 Covenanter Rebellion
 * 1683–1684 War of the Reunions – 5,000 killed in action
 * 1683–1699 War of the Holy League – 384,000 killed in action
 * 1685 Monmouth Rebellion
 * 1686 Second Tarnovo uprising
 * 1688 Chiprovtsi uprising
 * 1688–1697 Nine Years' War – 680,000 killed in action
 * 1688 Glorious Revolution
 * 1689 Karposh's rebellion
 * 1689–1692 First Jacobite Rising
 * 1700 Lithuanian Civil War

18th century

 * 1700–1721 Great Northern War – 30,000 Russians killed in action
 * 1701–1714 War of the Spanish Succession – 1,251,000 killed in action
 * 1703–1711 Rákóczi's War of Independence
 * 1707–1708 Bulavin Rebellion
 * 1712 Toggenburg War
 * 1714–1718 Venetian-Ottoman War
 * 1715–1716 Jacobite rising of 1715
 * 1718–1720 War of the Quadruple Alliance – 25,000 killed in action
 * 1722–1723 Russo-Persian War
 * 1727–1729 British-Spanish War – 15,000 killed in action
 * 1733–1738 War of the Polish Succession – 88,000 killed in action
 * 1735–1739 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1740–1748 War of the Austrian Succession – 359,000 killed in action
 * 1740–1763 Silesian Wars
 * 1741–1743 Russo-Swedish War
 * 1745–1746 Jacobite rising of 1745
 * 1756–1763 Seven Years' War – 992,000 killed in action
 * 1757 Battle of Khresili
 * 1763–1864 Russo-Circassian War
 * 1768–1772 War of the Bar Confederation
 * 1768–1774 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1770 Battle of Aspindza
 * 1770 Orlov Revolt
 * 1774–1775 Pugachev's Rebellion
 * 1775–1783 American Revolutionary War
 * 1778–1779 War of the Bavarian Succession
 * 1784 Kettle War
 * 1784–1785 Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan
 * 1785 Battle of the Sunja
 * 1787 Dutch Patriot Revolt
 * 1787–1792 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1788–1790 Russo-Swedish War
 * 1789–1802 French Revolutionary Wars – 663,000 killed in action
 * 1790 Saxon Peasants' Revolt
 * 1792 Polish–Russian War of 1792
 * 1794 Kościuszko Uprising
 * 1795 Battle of Krtsanisi
 * 1798 Irish Rebellion of 1798
 * 1798 Peasants' War

19th century

 * 1803 Irish Rebellion of 1803
 * 1803 Souliote War
 * 1803–1815 Napoleonic Wars
 * 1804–1813 First Serbian Uprising
 * 1804–1813 Russo-Persian War
 * 1806–1812 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1808–1809 Finnish War
 * 1809 Polish–Austrian War
 * 1815–1817 Second Serbian Uprising
 * 1817–1864 Russian conquest of the Caucasus
 * 1821–1829 Greek War of Independence
 * 1821 Wallachian uprising
 * 1823 French invasion of Spain
 * 1826–1828 Russo-Persian War
 * 1827 War of the Malcontents
 * 1828–1829 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1828–1834 Liberal Wars
 * 1830 July Revolution
 * 1830 Belgian Revolution
 * 1831 Ten Days' Campaign
 * 1830–1831 November Uprising
 * 1831 Canut revolts
 * 1831–1832 Bosnian Uprising
 * 1831–1836 Tithe War
 * 1832 War in the Vendée and Chouannerie of 1832
 * 1832 June Rebellion
 * 1832 Siege of Antwerp
 * 1833–1839 First Carlist War
 * 1833–1839 Albanian Revolts of 1833–39
 * 1843–1844 Albanian Revolt of 1843–44
 * 1846 Galician slaughter
 * 1846 Revolution of Maria da Fonte
 * 1846 Solís Uprising
 * 1846–1849 Second Carlist War
 * 1846–1847 Patuleia
 * 1847 Albanian Revolt of 1847
 * 1847 Sonderbund War
 * 1848–1849 Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence
 * 1848–1851 First Schleswig War
 * 1848–1849 First Italian War of Independence
 * 1852-1853 Montenegrin–Ottoman War
 * 1853–1856 Crimean War
 * 1854 Epirus Revolt of 1854
 * 1858 Mahtra War
 * 1859 Second Italian War of Independence
 * 1861–1862 Montenegrin–Ottoman War
 * 1863–1864 January Uprising
 * 1864 Second Schleswig War
 * 1866 Austro-Prussian War
 * 1866–1869 Cretan Revolt
 * 1866 Third Italian War of Independence
 * 1867 Fenian Rising
 * 1869 Krivošije uprising
 * 1870–1871 Franco-Prussian War
 * 1872–1876 Third Carlist War
 * 1873–1874 Cantonal Revolution
 * 1875–1877 Herzegovina uprising
 * 1876–1878 Serbian–Ottoman War
 * 1876 Bulgarian April Uprising
 * 1876 Razlovtsi insurrection
 * 1876–1878 Montenegrin–Ottoman War
 * 1877–1878 Russo-Ottoman War
 * 1878–1879 Kresna–Razlog uprising
 * 1878 Epirus Revolt of 1878
 * 1885 Bulgarian unification
 * 1885 Serbo-Bulgarian War
 * 1897 Thirty Days' War

20th century

 * 1903 Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising
 * 1904–1908 Macedonian Struggle
 * 1904–1905 Russo-Japanese War
 * 1905 Łódź insurrection
 * 1905 Revolution of 1905
 * 1906–1908 Theriso revolt
 * 1907 1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt
 * 1910 Albanian Revolt of 1910
 * 1910 5 October 1910 revolution
 * 1911 Albanian Revolt of 1911
 * 1911–1912 Italo-Turkish War
 * 1912 Albanian Revolt of 1912
 * 1912 Royalist attack on Chaves
 * 1912–1913 Balkan Wars
 * 1912–1913 First Balkan War
 * 1913 Tikveš Uprising
 * 1913 Second Balkan War
 * 1913 Ohrid–Debar Uprising
 * 1914 Peasant Revolt in Albania
 * 1914–1918 World War I - 19,174,335 deaths
 * 1914 Caucasus Campaign
 * 1916 Noemvriana
 * 1917 Toplica Uprising
 * 1918 Judenburg mutiny
 * 1918 Cattaro Mutiny
 * 1918 Aster Revolution
 * 1918 Radomir Rebellion
 * 1918 Finnish Civil War
 * 1916 Easter Rising
 * 1917 Russian Revolution
 * 1917 February Revolution
 * 1917 July Days
 * 1917 Polubotkivtsi uprising
 * 1917 Kornilov affair
 * 1917 October Revolution
 * 1917 Junker mutiny
 * 1917 Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
 * 1917–1921 Russian Civil War
 * 1917–1918 Red Army invasion of Georgia
 * 1917–1921 Ukrainian War of Independence
 * 1917–1921 Ukrainian–Soviet War
 * 1918–1919 Polish–Ukrainian War
 * 1918–1924 Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks
 * 1918 Left SR uprising
 * 1921 Kronstadt rebellion
 * 1918–1922 Heimosodat
 * 1918 Viena expedition
 * 1918 Aunus expedition
 * 1918–1920 Petsamo expeditions
 * 1918–1920 National revolt of Ingrian Finns
 * 1921–1922 East Karelian Uprising
 * 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence
 * 1918–1925 Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
 * 1918–1920 North Russia Intervention
 * 1918–1922 Siberian Intervention
 * 1918 Georgian–Armenian War
 * 1918–1920 Georgian–Ossetian conflict (1918–20)
 * 1918–1919 Georgian-Russian conflict over Sochi
 * 1918–1920 Armenian–Azerbaijani War
 * 1918–1920 Latvian War of Independence
 * 1918–1920 Lithuanian Wars of Independence
 * 1918–1919 Lithuanian–Soviet War
 * 1919 Lithuanian War of Independence (War against the Bermontians)
 * 1920 Polish–Lithuanian War
 * 1919–1921 Polish–Soviet War
 * 1921 Georgian–Russian War
 * 1924 Georgian Uprising against Soviet Union
 * 1919–1920 Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–20)
 * 1918–1919 Hungarian–Romanian War
 * 1918–1919 Hungarian–Czechoslovak War
 * 1918 Yugoslav occupation of Međimurje
 * 1919 Hutsul Uprising
 * 1919 Monarchy of the North uprising
 * 1919 Sejny Uprising
 * 1919 Khotyn Uprising
 * 1918–1919 Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia
 * 1918–1958 Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts
 * 1919 Polish-Czech war for Teschen Silesia
 * 1918–1919 German Revolution
 * 1918–1919 Greater Poland Uprising
 * 1919–1922 Greco-Turkish War
 * 1918–1921 Franco-Turkish War
 * 1920 Armenian-Turkish War
 * 1919 Christmas Uprising
 * 1919–1920 Unrest in Split
 * 1919–1921 Silesian Uprisings
 * 1919 First Silesian Uprising
 * 1920 Second Silesian Uprising
 * 1921 Third Silesian Uprising
 * 1919–1922 Irish War of Independence
 * 1920 Husino rebellion
 * 1920 Vlora War
 * 1920 Kapp Putsch
 * 1920 Ruhr Uprising
 * 1920 Slutsk Defence Action
 * 1920–1924 Biennio Rosso
 * 1921 Uprising in West Hungary
 * 1921 February Uprising
 * 1921 Charles IV of Hungary's attempts to retake the throne
 * 1922–1923 Irish Civil War
 * 1923 Corfu incident
 * 1923 September Uprising
 * 1923 Klaipėda Revolt
 * 1923 Leonardopoulos–Gargalidis coup d'état attempt
 * 1924 1924 Estonian coup d'état attempt
 * 1924 August Uprising
 * 1925 Incident at Petrich
 * 1932 Mäntsälä rebellion
 * 1933 Casas Viejas incident
 * 1933 Anarchist uprising in Spain (1933)
 * 1934 Asturian miners' strike of 1934
 * 1934 Austrian Civil War
 * 1935 1935 Greek coup d'état attempt
 * 1936–1939 Spanish Civil War
 * 1938 1938 Greek coup d'état attempt
 * 1939 German occupation of Czechoslovakia
 * 1939 Hungarian invasion of Carpatho-Ukraine
 * 1939 Italian invasion of Albania
 * 1939–1965 Spanish Maquis
 * 1939–1940 S-Plan
 * 1939–1945 World War II
 * 1939 Nazi German invasion of Poland
 * 1939 Soviet invasion of Poland
 * 1939–1940 Winter War(Soviet invasion of Finland)
 * 1940 Phoney War
 * 1940 Operation Weserübung
 * 1940 Norwegian campaign
 * 1940 Occupation of Iceland
 * 1940 Invasion of Luxembourg
 * 1940 Battle of the Netherlands
 * 1940 Battle of Belgium
 * 1940 Battle of France
 * 1940 Italian invasion of France
 * 1940 Soviet invasion of the Baltic States
 * 1940 Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
 * 1940 Battle of Britain
 * 1940–1941 Greco-Italian War
 * 1941–1945 Soviet–German War
 * 1941–1945 Yugoslav anti-fascist resistance movement
 * 1941–1944 Continuation War
 * 1941 Uprising in Montenegro
 * 1942 Case Blue
 * 1942–1944 Northern Campaign
 * 1942–1956 Ukrainian Insurgent Army
 * 1943 Italian Campaign
 * 1944 Operation Market Garden
 * 1944 Warsaw Uprising
 * 1944 Western Allied invasion of Germany
 * 1944–1945 Lapland War
 * 1944–1945 Slovak National Uprising
 * 1944–1945 Liberation of France
 * 1944–1945 Battle of the Bulge
 * 1945 Second Battle of the Alps
 * 1945 Battle of Berlin
 * 1944–1956 Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
 * 1945–1949 Greek Civil War
 * 1946–1948 Corfu Channel incident
 * 1947–1962 Romanian anti-communist resistance movement
 * 1953 Uprising in East Germany
 * 1955–1959 Cyprus Emergency
 * 1956 Uprising in Poznań
 * 1956 Hungarian Revolution
 * 1956–1962 Operation Harvest
 * 1958 First Cod War
 * 1959–2011 Basque conflict
 * 1961 Vlora incident
 * 1967 Greek coup d'état
 * 1968 Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
 * 1968–1998 The Troubles
 * 1968–1988 Unrest in Italy
 * 1972–1973 Second Cod War
 * 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus
 * 1974 Carnation Revolution
 * 1975 Coup of 25 November 1975
 * 1975 Aleria standoff
 * 1975–1976 Third Cod War
 * 1976–2016 Corsican conflict
 * 1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt
 * 1986 Evros River incident
 * 1988–1994 First Nagorno-Karabakh War
 * 1989–1995 Gagauzia conflict
 * 1989 Romanian Revolution
 * 1990 Log Revolution
 * 1990–1991 Soviet attacks on Lithuanian border posts
 * 1990–present Transnistria conflict
 * 1990–1992 Transnistria War
 * 1991 January Events
 * 1991 The Barricades
 * 1991–2001 Yugoslav Wars
 * 1991 Ten-Day War
 * 1991–1995 Croatian War of Independence
 * 1992–1995 Bosnian War
 * 1992–1994 Croat–Bosniak War
 * 1995–1998 Insurgency in Kosovo
 * 1998–1999 Kosovo War
 * 1999–2001 Insurgency in the Preševo Valley
 * 2001 2001 insurgency in Macedonia
 * 1991–1992 Georgian war against Russo-Ossetian alliance
 * 1991–1993 Georgian Civil War
 * 1991–2017 Chechen–Russian conflict
 * 1994 Battle of Grozny (November 1994)
 * 1994–1996 First Chechen War
 * 1999–2009 Second Chechen War
 * 2009–2017 Insurgency in the North Caucasus
 * 1992 East Prigorodny Conflict
 * 1992–1993 War in Abkhazia
 * 1993 1993 Cherbourg incident
 * 1993 1993 Russian constitutional crisis
 * 1995–1996 Imia/Kardak military crisis
 * 1997–1998 Cyprus Missile Crisis
 * 1997 Albanian civil unrest
 * 1997–present Dissident Irish Republican campaign
 * 1998 Six-Day War of Abkhazia

21st century

 * 2001 Georgia, Kodori crisis
 * 2001 2001 insurgency in Macedonia
 * 2004–2013 Unrest in Kosovo
 * 2004 2004 unrest in Kosovo
 * 2008 2008 unrest in Kosovo
 * 2011–2013 North Kosovo crisis
 * 2022–2024 North Kosovo crisis
 * 2004 Georgia, Adjara crisis
 * 2004 Georgia, South Ossetia clashes
 * 2006 Georgia, Kodori crisis
 * 2008 Russo-Georgian war
 * 2014–present Russo-Ukrainian War (outline)
 * 2014 Pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
 * 2014–present Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
 * 2014–2022 War in Donbass
 * 2021–2022 Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine
 * 2022–present Russian invasion of Ukraine
 * 2022–present Belarusian and Russian partisan movement
 * 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh war
 * 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh