List of rulers of Assam

The History of Assam is the history of a confluence of people from the east, west, south and the north; the confluence of the Austroasiatic, Tibeto-Burman (Sino-Tibetan), Tai and Indo-Aryan cultures. Although invaded over the centuries, it was never a vassal or a colony to an external power until the third Burmese invasion in 1821 and subsequently the British ingress into Assam in 1824 during the First Anglo-Burmese War.

Later documented rulers, and dynasties who are deemed to have ruled a portion of Assam are included in this list.

Sonitpura (Asura) Kingdom
The kingdom was contemporary of Pragjyotisha Kingdom of Kamarupa.

Danava dynasty
First legendary line of rulers in Pragjyotisha. The Danava dynasty consisted of Kirata chiefs; the last of whom, Ghatakasura, was killed and replaced by Naraka.

Known Danava rulers of Pragjyotisha are:
 * Mahiranga
 * Hatakasura
 * Sambarasura
 * Ratnasura
 * Ghatakasura

Bhauma (Naraka) dynasty
Second legendary dynasty of Pragjyotisha. Known Bhauma rulers of Pragjyotisha are:
 * Naraka
 * Bhagadatta
 * Pushpadatta
 * Vajradatta

Davaka Kingdom (c. 100 – 500 CE)
less information is available about this kingdom

Varman dynasty (350 – 650 CE)
The dynastic line as given in the Dubi copperplate inscription and Nidhanpur copperplate inscription are as-

The grants of Ratnapala give the list of 21 kings from Salastambha to his line.

Mlechchha dynasty (650 – 900 CE)

 * Salastamba (650–670 CE)
 * Vijaya alias Vigrahastambha
 * Palaka
 * Kumara
 * Vajradeva
 * Harshadeva alias Harshavarman (725–745 CE)
 * Balavarman II
 * Jivaraja
 * Digleswaravarman
 * Salambha
 * Harjjaravarman (815–832 CE)
 * Vanamalavarmadeva (832–855 CE)
 * Jayamala alias Virabahu (855–860 CE)
 * Balavarman III (860–880 CE)
 * Tyagasimha (890–900 CE)

Pala dynasty (Kamarupa) (900 – 1100 CE)

 * Brahma Pala (900–920 CE)
 * Ratna Pala (920–960 CE)
 * Indra Pala (960–990 CE)
 * Go Pala also Gopalavarman (990–1015 CE)
 * Harsha Pala (1015–1035 CE)
 * Dharma Pala (1035–1060 CE)
 * Jaya Pala (1075–1100 CE)

Ahom dynasty (1228 – 1838 CE)
In the nearly 600-years 39-Swargadeo dynastic history, there are three progenitor kings (all subsequent kings are descendants of these kings). They are Sukaphaa, who established the kingdom; Suhungmung, who made the greatest territorial and political expansion of the kingdom; and Supaatphaa, who established the House of Tungkhugia kings that reigned the kingdom during its political and cultural zenith, as well as the period of decay and end (except for Jogeswar Singha, who was a descendant of Supaatphaa's father Gobar, and who was installed as a puppet king by the Burmese).



The dynastic history and dates that are accepted today are the result of a re-examination of Ahom and other documents by a team of Nora astronomers and experts who were commissioned to do so by Gaurinath Singha (1780–1795).

Kamata dynasty (1228/1257 – 1365 CE)

 * Sandhya (1228/1257–1260)
 * Sindhu Rai (1260–1285)
 * Rup Narayan (1285–1300)
 * Singhadhwaj (1300–1305)
 * Pratapdhvaj (1305–1325)
 * Dharma Narayan (1325–1330)
 * Durlabh Narayan (1330–1350)
 * Indra Narayan (1350–1365)

Chutia (Sadiya) dynasty (1350 – 1523 CE)
Known rulers of the Chutia kingdom are:


 * Nandisvara (late 14th century)
 * Satyanarayana (late 14th century)
 * Lakshminarayana (early 15th century)
 * Dharmanarayana (early 15th century)
 * Durlabhnarayana (early 15th century)
 * Muktadharmanarayana (mid 15th century)
 * Pratyakshanarayana (mid 15th century)
 * Yasanarayana (mid 15th century)
 * Purandarnarayana (late 15th century)
 * Dhirnarayana (unknown – 1524)

Baro-Bhuyan rulers of Assam (1365 – 1440 CE)

 * Sasanka or rimatta (1365–1385)
 * Gajanka (1385–1400)
 * Sukranka (1400–1415)
 * Mriganka (1415–1440)

Khen dynasty (1440 – 1498 CE)

 * Niladhwaj (1440–1460)
 * Chakradhwaj (1460–1480)
 * Nilambar (1480–1498)

Rulers of undivided Koch kingdom (1515 – 1586)

 * Biswa Singha (1515–1540)
 * Nara Narayan (1540–1586)

Rulers of Koch Bihar (1586 – 1949)

 * Lakshmi Narayan
 * Bir Narayan
 * Pran Narayan
 * Basudev Narayan
 * Mahindra Narayan
 * Roop Narayan
 * Upendra Narayan
 * Devendra Narayan
 * Dhairjendra Narayan
 * Rajendra Narayan
 * Dharendra Narayan
 * Harendra Narayan
 * Shivendra Narayan
 * Narendra Narayan
 * Nripendra Narayan
 * Rajendra Narayan II
 * Jitendra Narayan (father of Gayatri Devi)
 * Jagaddipendra Narayan (ruled till 1949)

Rulers of Koch Hajo (1581 – 1616 CE)

 * Raghudev (son of Chilarai, nephew of Nara Narayan)
 * Parikshit Narayan

Rulers of Darrang

 * Balinarayan (brother of Parikshit Narayan)
 * Mahendra Narayan
 * Chandra Narayan
 * Surya Narayan

Rulers of Beltola

 * Gaj Narayan Dev (brother of Parikshit Narayan, ruler of Koch Hajo, brother of Balinarayan, first Koch ruler of Darrang).
 * Shivendra Narayan Dev (Son of Gaj Narayan)
 * Gandharva Narayan Dev (Son of Shivendra Narayan)
 * Uttam Narayan Dev (Son of Gandharva Narayan Dev)
 * Dhwaja Narayan Dev (Son of Uttam Narayan Dev)
 * Jay Narayan Dev (Son of Dhwaja Narayan Dev)
 * Lambodar Narayan Dev (Son of Jay Narayan Dev)
 * Lokpal Narayan Dev (Son of Lambodar Narayan Dev)
 * Amrit Narayan Dev (Son of Lokpal Narayan Dev)
 * Chandra Narayan Dev (Son of Lokpal Narayan Dev) (died 1910 CE)
 * Rajendra Narayan Dev (Son of Chandra Narayan Dev) (died 1937 CE)
 * Lakshmipriya Devi (wife of Rajendra Narayan Dev) (reign:1937–1947 CE died: 1991 CE)

Rulers of Bijni
The Bijni rulers reigned between the Sankosh and the Manas rivers, the region immediately to the east of Koch Bihar.


 * Chandra Narayan (son of Parikshit Narayan)
 * Joy Narayan
 * Shiv Narayan
 * Bijoy Narayan
 * Mukunda Narayan
 * Haridev Narayan
 * Balit Narayan
 * Indra Narayan
 * Amrit Narayan
 * Kumud Narayan
 * Jogendra Narayan
 * Bhairabendra Narayan

Rulers of Khaspur
The independent rule of the Khaspur rulers ended in 1745 when it merged with the Kachari kingdom. The rulers of the Koch kingdom at Khaspur are:
 * Kamal Narayan (Gohain Kamal, son of Biswa Singha, governor of Khaspur)
 * Udita Narayan (declared independence of Khaspur in 1590)
 * Vijay Narayana
 * Dhir Narayana
 * Mahendra Narayana
 * Ranjit
 * Nara Singha
 * Bhim Singha (his only issue, daughter Kanchani, married a prince of Kachari kingdom, and Khaspur merged with the Kachari kingdom)

British Colonial Assam (1826 – 1947 CE)
Chronology of British Colonial regin on Assam:
 * 1) Bengal Presidency (1826–1873 CE)
 * 2) Chief Commissioner's Province (1874–1905 CE)
 * 3) Eastern Bengal and Assam under Lt. Governor (1906–1912 CE)
 * 4) Assam Legislative Council (1912–1920 CE)
 * 5) Dyarchy (1921 – 1937 CE)
 * 6) Assam Legislative Assembly (1937–1947 CE)

Republic of India

 * List of governors of Assam


 * List of chief ministers of Assam