Main Directorate for Traffic Safety

The State Automobile Inspectorate (Государственная Aвтомобильная инспекция, formerly known as the Main Directorate for Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Главное управление по обеспечению безопасности дорожного движения МВД России, ГУ ОБДД, GUOBDD, or Государственная инспекция безопасности дорожного движения, ГИБДД, GIBDD) is a federal law enforcement agency of Russia specializing in traffic policing. They are responsible for the regulation of traffic, investigating traffic accidents, and operating stop lights.

The Administration is part of the Public Security Service of the MVD. The Administration has patrol jurisdiction over all Russian highways and roads.

History
The GAI (ГАИ), short for State Automobile Inspectorate (Государственная Автомобильная Инспекция), was formed on July 3, 1936. The GAI was part of the NKVD and actively starts executing tasks: fighting accidents, developing technical standards of operation of vehicles, supervises the preparation and education of drivers. And also keep records of accidents, analyze their causes, accident attracts offenders to justice, manages the issuance of license plates, data sheets, search cars, hiding from the accident scene.

In 1961 it was merged with the Road Traffic Control Department.

During the guerilla phase of the Second Chechen War, as well as during the Insurgency in the North Caucasus, traffic safety officers were regularly targeted by Pro-Ichkerian, and later Jihadist insurgents. They made up a large portion of the law enforcement and Russian government casualties, in addition to FSB, MVD, and GUOOOP members who were assassinated or otherwise killed in action.

After the dissolution of USSR, GAI was renamed GIBDD - General Administration for Traffic Safety. There were rumors from March 2017 that the GIBDD was about to be dissolved until December 2018, as part of Russian police reform and would be merged into the patrol service of the police. The Minister of Internal Affairs denied those rumors.

On May 28, 2024 GIBDD was renamed back to GAI.

Structure and organisation
Roads Patrol Service (Дорожно-патрульная служба)
 * Roads Inspection and Traffic organisation Service (Служба дорожной инспекции и организации движения)
 * Inspection and registration (Служба технического осмотра и регистрации)
 * Investigation Division vehicles (Подразделения розыска автотранспорта)

Other names

 * Department for Ensuring Road Traffic Safety of MVD of Russia (Департамент обеспечения безопасности дорожного движения МВД России, ДОБДД) abbreviated as DOBDD, since 1994
 * State Inspectorate for Road Traffic Safety (Государственная Инспекция по безопасности дорожного движения, ГИбДД) abbreviated as GIBDD, since 2002
 * GAI (ГАИ), short for State Automobile Inspectorate (Государственная Автомобильная Инспекция), until 2011
 * DPS (ДПС), short for Road Patrol Service (Дорожно-патрульная служба) - a part of the GAI/GIBDD directly responsible for patrolling the streets

Heads of Administration

 * Vladimir Feodorov (1992–2002)
 * Viktor Kiryanov (2003–2011)
 * Vladimir Shvetsov (2011)
 * Viktor Nilov (2011–2017)
 * Mikhail Chernikov (2017–)