National Institute of Economic and Social Research

The National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR), established in 1938, is Britain's oldest independent economic research institute. The institute is a London-based independent UK registered charity that carries out academic research of relevance to business and policy makers, both nationally and internationally.

The institute receives no core funding from government or other sources. The bulk of funding comes from research projects awarded or commissioned by a variety of sources, including government, all acknowledged in full in their published materials. The terms of their grants prohibit any involvement from funding bodies in determining or influencing content. Funders include government departments and agencies, the research councils (particularly the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)), charitable foundations, the European Commission, and the private sector.

The institute is a partner with the ESRC's Centre for Macroeconomics and The Productivity Institute, and is responsible for the Productivity Commission. It also has close ties with both Cardiff and Glasgow universities.

History
The NIESR was established in 1938 with funding from the Rockefeller Foundation, the Pilgrim Trust, the Leverhulme Trust and the Halley Stewart Trust. The vision of its founders was to carry out research to improve understanding of the economic and social forces that affect people's lives, and the ways in which policy can bring about change.

Directors, presidents and council members
Professor Noel Hall was the first director of the institute, before its official existence in 1938, from 1937 until 1940. Geoffrey Crowther then became "acting" director from 1940 but was called upon for war service in June of that year. From June 1940 to 1949, Sir Henry Clay carried out the duties of director and chair of council.

Directors post 1952

 * Bryan Hopkin, 1952–1957
 * Christopher Saunders, 1957–1965
 * David Worswick, 1965–1982
 * Andrew Britton, 1982–1995
 * Martin Weale, 1995–2011
 * Jonathan Portes, 2011–2015
 * Dame Frances Cairncross, (acting director) 2015–2016
 * Professor Jagjit S Chadha, 2016–present

Chairs of council
There have been chairs of council since the institute was created. The first was Lord Stamp, from 1937 to 1942. He was succeeded by Sir Henry Clay, who held the position from 1942 until 1949. Subsequent chairs included Humphrey Mynors, Sir Austin Robinson, Sir John Woods, Sir Robert Hall, Sir Hugh Week, Sir Donald MacDougall, and Sir Kenneth Berrill. Diane Coyle became the first woman to hold the position in the history of the institute, taking over the position from Sir Tim Besley. Since November 2018, Professor Nicholas Crafts CBE has held the position.

Presidents
Lord Burns was president from 2003 to 2010, followed by Sir Nicholas Monck from 2011 to 2013, and subsequently Sir Charles Bean. The current president is Sir Paul Tucker.

Governors
The Institute has nearly 150 Governors, who have a role in the accountability and governance of NIESR as a registered charity. They are drawn from academia, business, government and media, and include Ed Conway, Baron Terence Higgins, Rachel Lomax, Jesse Norman, Frances O'Grady, and Baroness Shriti Vadera. Governors also give monthly talks at the Institute, which are open to the public.

Organisation
Research areas covered by the National Institute include Destitution, Exclusion, and Strategies for Well-Being; Education and Skills; Labour, Employment and Wages; Macro-Economic Modelling and Forecasting; Macro-Economics of Climate Change; Monetary Theory and Policy; Political Economy; and Productivity, Trade, and Regional Economies.

National Institute Economic Review
Since 1959, the NIESR has published the National Institute Economic Review. Principal topics covered by the Review include economic modelling and analysis, education and training, productivity and competitiveness, and workings of the international economy. Each edition Includes detailed forecasts of both UK and World Economies, a commentary, and special articles by Institute researchers and external authors. Since 2021, the UK and Global Economic Outlook have been published in-house.

UK and Global Economic Outlook
Since 2021, the Institute has published its outlooks for the UK and Global economy online, with a limited print run in-house. Each is published quarterly following a Spring/Summer/Autumn/Winter pattern. The UK Outlook is free to view and download, whereas the Global publication requires a subscription.

Trackers on the UK economy
Each month NIESR tracks a series of key economic indicators, including Consumer Price Inflation (CPI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Wages, and uses this data to forecast the future of the UK economy. In addition, each quarter they publish a Term Premium Tracker and have, from February 2021 until February 2022, tracked UK Covid-19 infection rates.

Events
Each year NIESR hold a regular series of events, including annual lectures to celebrate the work of Sig Prais, Christopher Dow, Phyllis Deane, and Richard Stone. In partnership with The Anglo-German Foundation, NIESR hosts a biennial lecture on public policy. A quarterly Business Conditions Forum brings together business leaders under Chatham House rules to discuss the latest topics driving the economy.

NiGEM
An important output of NIESR has been a macroeconomic model called NiGEM (National Institute's Global Econometric Model) which is used to produce quarterly forecasts for the UK and global economy (published in the National Institute Economic Review). Forecasts are also published for various other OECD countries. The model is used by the UK Treasury, IMF, Bank of England, the OECD and European Central Bank.

NiREMS and LINDA
NIESR also produces a regional economic model, called NiREMS (National Institute Regional Economic Modelling System ), which combines data from NiGEM and LINDA to create economic projections for the 12 Government Regions of the UK. LINDA (Lifetime Income Distributional Analysis ) is a microsimulation model, which simulates individual level data over periods of time, accounting for diverse socio-economic parameters.