Nova Mutum

Nova Mutum is a municipality in the state of Mato Grosso in the Central-West Region of Brazil. It belongs to the microregion of Alto Teles Pires and mesoregion Norte Mato-Grossense, and it's a distance of 242 km north of Cuiabá, the state capital. Its population was estimated in 2022 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics as 55,832 people.

The city has the 3rd best Human Development Index (HDI) of the state, and the 8th largest economy of the state, with a GDP of R$2167526.000000, 332nd of Brazil. Much of its economy is focused on agriculture; the municipality is the second-largest state grain producer and one of the largest in Brazil, with an area of 410,000 ha of planted soybeans, the 3rd-largest exporter in Mato Grosso and 41st of Brazil.

History
Before being colonized, the region was known as "Irmandade" ("Brotherhood") and belonged to Jorge Rachid Jaudy. In 1966 a group of businessmen from São Paulo, headed by José Aparecido Ribeiro, acquired an extensive land area of approximately 169,000 ha in Diamantino, constituting the Mutum Agricultural S/A. They obtained approval from SUDAM for the livestock project in an area of 120 thousand hectares. The project was finally implemented in 1981.

As the area was too big, experiments with rice, corn and soybeans were undertaken in 1974, trying to create opportunities for new pioneers.

The company then planned 100,000 ha for colonization: it was the beginning of the rush to tame the Central-West region, the last agricultural frontier of the country The colony was established as 10 houses and the matrix of colony an open village provisionally open by tracto. Then came a school and a community center, a health centre, a shelter to house the buyers of land, and a hydroelectric plant for the initial energy. 551 ha were reserved for the urban center. Those who acquired a rural batch received two urban lots as a bonus. As the building infrastructure did not work on its own, people were hired to manage this basic infrastructure.

Thus came the first doctor, Dr. Kazan and the first nurse, Doroti Chagas. Primitivo Cury placed the first market, later sold to Mr. Francisco Saito, in the same place as the current Saito Supermarket. The first bus station operated out of the community center was rented by Reinaldo Baldissera, and the first grocery store was owned by Roberto Faccio. Not all batch buyers occupied them immediately. They arrived as they could after the sale of their possessions in the south of the country. All of the first inhabitants of the region came from Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. Almost all of them were smallholders in the western part of these states.

Until early 2000, the city was culturally a southern brazilian city, but with the wonder of monocultures people from various regions of the country migrated to the city, especially after the arrival of multinational companies.

Economy
The main sources of the economy are agriculture, with a focus on soy, corn and cotton production, as well as refrigerators and industries, such as soybean crushing, biodiesel and corn processing. Despite having an essentially primary economy, there are also investments in the transformation of raw materials into products. Nova Mutum is the second-largest state grain producer and one of the largest in Brazil, with an area of 410,000 ha of soybeans planted. In terms of production, Nova Mutum is the 5th-largest of Mato Grosso and 9th in Brazil, with R$1.394 billion (+2.8%).

Nova Mutum is cut by the BR-163 highway, the main route for the flow of crops in Mato Grosso.

In industry, the city has Bunge Alimentos S/a (largest soybean crusher in Latin America), refrigerators as Perdigão Brazil Foods – BRF (which will be covered with a turnover of more investments to R$100 million reais) that generates around 2,500 jobs, Excelência carne suína (pig slaughtering and industrialization of derived products, high quality, with 21,250 m2 of constructed area, currently generating around 3,000 direct and indirect jobs. Its installed capacity to slaughter 3000 animals/day, about 350 animals/h. the industrial sector with the capacity to produce 100 tons/day, is divided into fresh pork, cooked and seasoned products. Melina Juices Melina grape juice is the first "100% natural grape juice" produced in Mato Grosso and the third in Brazil; in 2011 won the label "Carrefour Guarantee of Origin". The factory for each crop produces between 400 and 600 l (thousands) of juice.

In 2013, the gross domestic product of the municipality was R$2,167,526 thousand reais; the municipality is the third-largest exporter in the state and has as its main market overseas Asian countries, plus the European continent and part of the Middle East.

Nova Mutum is part of the 10 municipalities that are responsible for 48.06% of everything that is exported by the state, with $559.1 million.

Infrastructure
Nova Mutum is considered a model in terms of infrastructure; the city has a master plan project that will keep the development organized for the next 30 years to grow in an orderly and projected way. With the donation of approximately 300 ha by pioneers, the plan outlines the implementation of the Nova Mutum technology park, and highlights some areas of possible implementation, among them: implementation of new technical courses in several areas, implementation of a new teaching institution, public/private partnerships, feasibility of a technology fair, with space for large businesses and presentation of technological innovation in the field of agribusiness, construction of a theater as an incentive to local culture, among other projects.

The municipality has 16 km of bike paths, another 14 km are expected in the next years, with the aim of providing a better quality of life, through the practice of sports activities such as running, cycling and walking.

The city is served by Brig. Eduardo Gomes Airport.

Education
Nova Mutum is a regional industrial qualification center; the municipality has a unit from Senai(a private industrial education provider) that offers more than four thousand places in professional education courses in the areas of Food and Beverage, Construction, Management, Health, Safety at Work, Information Technology and Automotive.

Besides Nova Mutum, the following municipalities are also serviced: Alto Paraguay, Arenápolis, Diamantino, Nortelândia, Nova Maryland, Nova Maringa, Santa Rita do Trivelato, St. Alphonsus and Sao Jose do Rio Claro. The unit is the most modern and sustainable in the State, being a reference point in architecture, design and sustainability, with a total area of 4,824.63 m2 that includes computer labs, microcomputer maintenance, cutting and sewing, baking, electrical and automation, maintenance, mechanical and machine shop. It has 20 classrooms, a library, an environment for mobile activities, an auditorium, a canteen and a cafeteria.

The city has a campus of the State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), which provides management courses, accounting and agronomy. Nova Mutum is a reference base in education with state and municipal schools of high standard, with a swimming pool, swimming lessons, ballet, judo and food planned by nutritionists.

Population
The population of Nova Mutum increased by 113.47% over a period of 10 years, and was the city that had the highest population increase of Mato Grosso (in the period 2000–2010). The information is based on the results of the 2010 Demographic Census, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). In 2010, there were 31,649 inhabitants, and in 2000, the municipality had 14,818 inhabitants. According to an estimate by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Nova Mutum for 2016 had a population of 41,178, and is controversial due to the increase of more than 11.36% per year. Currently, Nova Mutum must have a population of 50,000.

The population explosion of Nova Mutum occurred when the municipality managed to reconcile agricultural production with industrialization, a fact that motivated the installation of hundreds of companies. The base of economy is based on the crops of soy, corn and cotton.

Currently, the city also has the 3rd Human Development Index and the second state of the interior, by rank. Nova Mutum reached 0758 in the category development, the sequence appears IDHM income as 0773, IDHM Longevity 0837, and Education 0673.

Geography
Geographical boundaries: North: Nova Maringá, Tapurah and Lucas do Rio Verde; East: Sorriso and Santa Rita do Trivelato; South: Rosário Oeste, Nobres and Diamantino; West: São José do Rio Claro and Diamantino.

Distances: To the state capital (Cuiabá): 242 km. By the port of Santos: 2,107 km. By the port of Paranaguá: 2,180 km to Santarém / PA: 1,530 km by BR163, to Alto Taquari / MT – railroad station (Ferronorte): 750 km

Predominant Climate: Equatorial – Hot Tropical and sub-humid, with two well-defined seasons: Drought May–September; Rains: October–April Annual average temperature: 24 °C – with an average maximum of 34 °C, and average minimum of 4 °C.

Altitudes: municipal office: 450 m; Production area: 480 to 550 meters.

Annual rainfall: The average annual rainfall is 2,200 mm, ranging from 1,850 to 2,400 mm, and the relative humidity is 80% in the rainy season and 35% in the dry season.

Typography: The relief of Nova Mutum is characterized by being flat, with slope not greater than 3% and constitutes part of the Chapada dos Parecis.

Training Geological: Archaeology unfolded the Phanerozoic. Quaternary Basin of the Xingu and Mesozoic Basin of the Parecis.

Soil: The soil is predominantly latosol (80%) and quartz sand (20%).

Vegetation: The vegetation of the municipality is constituted by 70% and 30% of cerrado forest.

Water Resources: The municipality of Nova Mutum is located in the Amazon Basin. The main rivers are: Rio Verde, Rio Arinos, Rio Ranchão, Rio Novo, Rio Beija-Flor, Rio dos Patos, Rio Moderno and Rio Piuvão.

Territory of the municipality: 9,572.69 km2, equivalent to 1.12% of the total area of the state of Mato Grosso.

Climate
Nova Mutum has a typical Mato Grosso tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw). It has two seasons: a wet season from October to April and a dry season from May to September, whilst afternoon temperatures are consistently very warm to hot, and morning temperatures mild to warm. Especially during the wet season, high humidity can make it feel much hotter than suggested by the air temperature.