Palghar district

Palghar District (Marathi pronunciation: [paːlɡʱəɾ]) is a district in the state of Maharashtra in Konkan Division. The headquarters of the district is the town of Palghar. Other major cities in the district are Vasai-Virar, Talasari, Jawhar and Dahanu.

On 1 Aug 2014, the State government of Maharashtra announced the formation of the 36th district of Maharashtra Palghar, it was partitioned out of the Thane district. Palghar District starts from Dahanu at the north and ends at Naigaon. It comprises the talukas of Palghar, Vada, Vikramgad, Jawhar, Mokhada, Dahanu, Talasari and Vasai. At the 2011 Census, the talukas now comprising the district had a population of 2,990,116.

Palghar has an urban population of 1,435,210, that is 48% of total population is living in Urbanized Area. Palghar has all the three categories of the lifestyles, Urban (Nagari), Coastal (Sagari) and Mountains-Hilly Region (Dongari). Palghar District is blessed by beautiful beaches as it is the part of konkan such as "Shirgaon Beach", "Kelve Beach", "Vadrai Beach", "Dahanu Beach", "Bordi Beach", "Chinchani Beach", "Arnala Beach", "Rajodi Beach", "Suruchi Beach" etc. The district is bounded by Thane and Nashik districts in the east and northeast, and by the Valsad district of Gujarat state and the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district of the Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu union territory in the north. The Arabian Sea forms the western boundary, while the whole district falls under the fastest developing northern part of Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Basically people of Palghar District population are belongs to Tribal-Konkni, Warli, koli, Agri..

Members of Parliament
Hemant Savara (BJP) (Palghar)

History
Until 1 August 2014, the talukas now comprising Palghar District formed a part of Thane District. After a struggle and demand for almost 25 years, for bifurcation, the creation of the new district was approved by the Cabinet of Maharashtra on 13 June 2014 and the new district of Palghar came into existence on 1 August.

Geography
The district is the northernmost part of the Konkan lowlands of Maharashtra. It comprises the wide amphitheater like Ulhas basin on the south and hilly Vaitarna valley on the north together with plateaus and the slopes of Sahyadri. From the steep slopes of the Sahyadri in the east, the land falls through a succession of plateaus in the north and centre of the district to the Ulhas valley in the south. The distance from the parts of different palaces to headquarters Palghar by road is as follows: Khodala 138 km, Mokhada 112 km, Jawhar 75 km, Vikramgad 60 km.

Palghar can be separated into three geographical regions. The Eastern part of the Western Ghats, or Sahyadri mountains, is called jangalapatti. This mainly encompasses the Jawhar, Mokhada, and Vikramgad talukas. The western part of the mountains district is called bandarpatti which includes Vasai, Palghar, Dahanu. The third section is characterized by broad and flat land, including the Wada taluka.

The main river flowing through the district is the Vaitarna. The river has many tributaries; the most important of them are Barvi and Bhatsa, Pinjal, Surya, Daherja and Tansa. Vaitarna, the largest of Konkan Rivers rises in the Trimbakeshwar hills in Nashik district, opposite to the source of Godavari. The river flows across Shahapur, Vada and Palghar talukas and enter the Arabian Sea through a wide estuary off Arnala. Vaitarna River is 154 km long and has a drainage area that practically covers the entire northern part of the district. In Palghar many students come for studying from outer areas. Ulhas river which flows to Arabian sea is Vasai creek, district's southern border. Arnala Island is located in Vasai taluka, at the entrance to the Vaitarna estuary.

The Palghar district gets some of the most rainfall in all of Maharashtra, an average 3000 mm (118 in) every year. Given its proximity to Mumbai, Palghar serves as a water catchment area to Mumbai. There are many dams, such as the Tansa Dam, which collect water and deliver to Mumbai through pipelines. There are various debates on if this is damaging to Palghar. Some scholars argue believe this is necessary to meet the water demands of a large-scale city, but others argue that this is depriving Palghar residents of water, many of whom are farmers and have high water needs for agriculture.

Divisions
Palghar has an urban population of 1,435,210, that is 48% of total population is living in Urbanized Area. Palghar District comprises 8 talukas. The talukas, with their populations at the 2001 and 2011 Censuses are as follows:

Sub-Divisions and Talukas
♦ Vasai⇒Vasai

♦Palghar⇒ Palghar

♦Dahanu⇒ Dahanu, Talasari

♦Vada⇒ Vada, Vikramgad

♦Jawhar⇒ Jawhar, Mokhada

Municipal Corporations in Palghar District

 * Vasai-Virar

Municipal Councils in Palghar District

 * Palghar
 * Dahanu
 * Jawhar

Nagar Panchyats in Palghar District

 * Talasari
 * Vikramgad
 * Vada
 * Mokhada

Proposed Municipal Councils in Palghar District

 * Boisar (Proposed Boisar Municipal Council includes towns of Boisar, Dandi, Khaira, Saravali, Katkar, Pasthal and Salwad)

Proposed Nagar Panchyats in Palghar District

 * Charoti (merging Charoti, Bharad, and Kasa Khurd)
 * Chinchani
 * Tarapur
 * Manor
 * Saphale (merging Saphale and Umbarpada Nandade)
 * Shirsad
 * Sarsun

Constituencies
There are six Vidhan Sabha constituencies in Palghar district, grouped into one Lok Sabha constituency; Dahanu (ST), Vikramgad (ST), Palghar (ST), Boisar (ST), Nalasopara and Vasai constituencies are part of Palghar Lok Sabha constituency. Rajendra Dhedya Gavit from Shiv Sena is the member for Palghar of the 17th Lok Sabha.

Demographics
At the time of the 2011 census, Palghar district had a population of 2,990,116, of which 1,561,438 (52.22%) lived in urban areas. Palghar had a sex ratio of 934 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 2.91% and 37.39% of the population respectively.

Languages
According to the 2011 census, 61.96% of the population spoke Marathi, 15.33% Hindi, 6.12% Varli, 5.61% Gujarati, 1.76% Urdu, 1.75% Bhojpuri and 1.01% Marwari as their first language.

Transportation
The Western Railway network passes through Vasai, Palghar and Dahanu talukas of the district. The Western Express Highway (NH48) has passed through manor and chilhar for enter in Palghar district.

Economy
In the mountainous regions of the Palghar district, such as in Jawhar and Mokhada, agriculture is the primary business. These areas mainly cultivate rice, millet, and black gram, as well as a variety of fruits and vegetables. Due to Palghar district's proximity to Mumbai, the region is primary source of produce and grains to the Mumbai Metropolitan Area. The dependency on the district has led the Government of Maharashtra to encourage organic farming in Palghar in order to ensure agricultural output and work towards sustainable options. The western 'bandarpatti' region's economy relies on in agricultural and fishing businesses. Dahanu is known for their chickoo production, which is distributed throughout all of India. A special Chickoo festival is held every year at Bordi beach in Dahanu. Satpati, also in 'bandarpatti, is Maharashtra's largest fishing port. Dahanu, Arnala, Vasai and Datiware are also major fishing ports in the region.

Palghar has India's first atomic power plant located at Tarapur. The industrial town of Boisar is also home to one of Maharashtra's largest industrial areas at Tarapur MIDC. MSEDCL supplies electricity to all urban and rural areas across the district. Gujarat Gas has been authorized in April 2015 to supply compressed natural gas and piped natural gas to all urban and rural areas across the district.

Tourist Places
The Vasai Taluka of Palghar district is a melting pot of Multi Cultural & Multi religious populace. The Portuguese footprints has left its cultural mix in this area. This taluka has about 9 big Churches built during 1564 AD. which are a great tourist attraction. The Buddha Stupa near NallaSopara West is also a great historic place. The Nirmal Lake is a sacred place in Vasai, which dates back to Shri Parshuram time. There are hill stations and beaches in the district which are the major tourist attractions. Some of the major tourist attractions are
 * 1) Tansa Wildlife Sanctuary
 * 2) Mahalakshmi Temple at Kasa(Dahanu)
 * 3) Dahanu Beach
 * 4) Bordi Beach
 * 5) Vasai Fort
 * 6) Tandulwadi Fort
 * 7) Jawhar Hill station
 * 8) Suryamal Hill Plateau
 * 9) Deobandh kendra
 * 10) Dabhosa Water fall(Jawhar)
 * 11) Arnala Fort
 * 12) Kelwa Beach
 * 13) Bhavangad Fort
 * 14) Mahim Beach
 * 15) Mahim Fort
 * 16) Vajreshwari Hot water springs
 * 17) Ganeshpuri Temple
 * 18) Jiwdani temple (Virar)
 * 19) Kohoj Fort
 * 20) kelwa dam