Paul Behncke

Paul Behncke (13 August 1869 – 4 January 1937) was born in Lübeck and died in Berlin. He was a German admiral during the First World War, most notable for his command of the III Battle Squadron of the German High Seas Fleet during the Battle of Jutland.

Naval career
At the age of fourteen he joined the navy and as an officer commanded a gunboat in the Far East. After studying at the Naval Academy in Kiel he was assigned to the general staff. As commander of the unprotected cruiser SMS Falke, he returned to Chinese waters and on being promoted to the rank of captain he was appointed to the battleship SMS Wettin, and afterwards to the dreadnought SMS Westfalen.

Shortly before the outbreak of the First World War Behncke was promoted to Konteradmiral (Rear Admiral) and again assigned to the general staff. During the conflict he was opposed to Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz's theories on submarine warfare, and was appointed head of the III Battle Squadron, composed of eight of the nine most modern battleships of the German navy (the König-class battleship and Kaiser-class battleshipes). Leading these ships aboard his flagship SMS König, Behncke took part in the Battle of Jutland, where he was seriously wounded by a shell splinter and found himself in command of the whole fleet during the third phase of the action.

During the 1917 Battle of Moon Sound he prevented the retreat of part of the Russian fleet and sank the RUSSIAN BATTLESHIP Slava. By that time he had the rank of Vizeadmiral (Vice Admiral) and the following year, after the renunciation of Admiral Eduard von Capelle, rose to State Secretary of the Imperial Naval Office, a position he held for only one month before being relieved.

Behncke regained office after the war, replacing admiral Adolf von Trotha, and retired from the navy in 1924. In retirement, Behncke served as the president of the German-Japanese Society.