Pennsylvania Department of Corrections

The Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (PADOC) is the Pennsylvania state agency that is responsible for the confinement, care, and rehabilitation of approximately 37,000 inmates at state correctional facilities funded by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The agency is headquartered in Hampden Township, Cumberland County in Greater Harrisburg, near Mechanicsburg.

In October 2017, then Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf signed a "memorandum of understanding" that allows the PADOC and the Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole to share like resources and eliminate duplicative efforts. All parole supervision now falls under the jurisdiction of the PADOC; while parole release decisions remain under the jurisdiction of the PA Board of Probation and Parole. The two agencies remain separate. Following passage of the 2021-2022 Pennsylvania budget, the merger was official and permanent.

There are currently 23 state correctional institutions, one motivational boot camp, one central training academy, 14 community corrections centers, and the DOC contracts with approximately 40 contractors across the Commonwealth that provide transitional services. The DOC employs more than 16,000 individuals, and PADOC's population report is available on its website at www.cor.pa.gov.

History
Pennsylvania's history closely intertwines with penology. William Penn initially abolished capital punishment for all crimes except murder, and established other rehabilitation reforms which were considered radical at the time. The commonwealth was the birthplace of the penitentiary concept, also known as the "Pennsylvania" (or "Separate System"). Eastern State Penitentiary opened in 1829 on what was then a cherry orchard outside of Philadelphia. It was considered at the time to be "the world's greatest penitentiary." Known to historians as "the first true penitentiary," Eastern State operated until 1970.

The Bureau of Correction was created by an act of Legislature in September 1953. The foundation was based on a report by Retired Army Major General Jacob L. Devers, and his special committee to investigate prison problems. The committee was convened shortly after riots at Pittsburgh and Rockview in early 1953. It was the committee's mission to recommend ways to improve the correctional system and reduce unrest. Up to this point the state's prisons fell under the Department of Welfare. Here they were governed by their own boards of trustees. The Devers Committee suggested the establishment of one agency, whose sole purpose was to manage the state prison system. Appointed by Gov. John S. Fine, Arthur T. Prasse was selected as the first commissioner of corrections, where he remained until 1970.

In 1980, the Bureau of Correction changed hands from the former Pennsylvania Department of Justice, to the newly created Office of General Counsel to the Governor. Constitutional changes resulted in an elected state attorney general and the disbanding of the Justice Department.

In 1984, under Act 245, the Bureau of Correction was elevated to cabinet-level status, making it the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections.

Institutions
The Department of Corrections maintains 25 institutions across the state as well as the Community Corrections Center, where offenders prepare for re-entry into the community.

The facilities are classified into four security levels: Minimum, Medium, Close, and Maximum.

Adult male institutions

 * SCI Albion - Medium security
 * SCI Benner Township - Medium security
 * SCI Camp Hill - Male diagnostic and classification center
 * SCI Chester - Substance abuse treatment facility
 * SCI Coal Township - Medium security
 * SCI Dallas - Medium security
 * SCI Fayette - Maximum security
 * SCI Forest - Maximum security
 * SCI Frackville - Maximum security
 * SCI Greene - Maximum security
 * SCI Houtzdale - Medium security
 * SCI Huntingdon - Close security
 * SCI Laurel Highlands - Minimum security
 * SCI Mahanoy - Medium security
 * SCI Mercer - Minimum security
 * SCI Pine Grove - Maximum security
 * SCI Phoenix - Maximum, security, capital case inmates
 * SCI Rockview - Medium security
 * SCI Smithfield - Close security
 * SCI Somerset - Medium security
 * SCI Waymart - Psychiatric care and treatment facility and medium security

Adult female institutions

 * SCI Cambridge Springs - Minimum security
 * SCI Muncy - Female diagnostic and classification center, capital case inmates, close security

Co-ed boot camp

 * Quehanna Boot Camp - Minimum security motivational bootcamp

Death row
Pennsylvania's last execution was carried out in July 1999.

The execution complex for Pennsylvania is on the grounds of the State Correctional Institution – Rockview. Most male death row inmates are housed at the State Correctional Institution – Greene, while some are housed at the State Correctional Institution – Phoenix.

There are no female capital case inmates at this time. If there were, they would be housed at the State Correctional Institution – Muncy. Prior to its closure, State Correctional Institution – Graterford housed male death row inmates.

Headquarters
The agency has its headquarters in Hampden Township, Cumberland County in Greater Harrisburg, near Mechanicsburg. The headquarters are located along Technology Parkway in proximity to a residential area.

The agency previously had its headquarters on the grounds of SCI Camp Hill in Lower Allen Township, near Camp Hill, also in Greater Harrisburg. In 2010 the former headquarters were crowded with employees. Construction on the new headquarters started around 2010.

Training academy
The Pennsylvania Department of Corrections Training Academy serves as a training area for prison employees working for the state and county. It is located in Mount Joy Township, Lancaster County, near Elizabethtown and 20 mi southeast of Harrisburg. The academy includes nine buildings on 265 acre of land.

The facility was originally the State Hospital for Crippled Children, which opened in 1930. In 1991 the corrections department acquired the facility.