Phrateres

Phrateres is a philanthropic-social organization for female college students. Although founded at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1924, it currently only has one chapter, located at the University of British Columbia.

History
Phrateres was founded at UCLA in 1924 by the dean of women, Helen Matthewson Laughlin. The intention was to bring "independent" women students (i.e. those not in dormitories or sororities) into a collective group for the purposes of socialization and philanthropy. However, the new group proved popular and soon membership was extended to any female student who wished to join, including those who lived in dorms, commuted to campus, as well as members of sororities.

Word spread to other colleges, especially those on the West Coast. The Beta chapter was installed at the University of Washington in 1929. Ten more chapters were installed in the 1930s: Gamma and Delta in 1930, Epsilon in 1931, Zeta in 1932, Eta in 1933, Theta and Iota in 1935, Kappa in 1936, Lambda in 1937, and Nu in 1939.

Eventually, Phrateres had chapters in seven states and one province in Canada. Theta at the University of British Columbia would remain the only Canadian chapter from 1935 to 1961). The 1940s brought four more chapters: Xi and Omicron in 1941, Rho in 1942, and Sigma in 1945, for a total of sixteen active collegiate chapters.

However, from 1945 until the late 1950s, three of those chapters closed: Delta, Eta, and Omicron. Their chapter names were later reused for newly installed chapters at different schools in 1950 (Delta), 1958 (Eta ), and 1964 (Omicron). Along with those, the final four chapters were installed in the 1960s, including three more in Canada: Omega in 1961, Tau in 1966, Phi in the mid to late 1960s, and Psi in 1967.

From the 1930s to the 1990s, conventions were held every one to two years, with members of the host chapter housing delegates from other chapters. Chapters could win awards, such as Most Active Chapter and Best Scrapbook.

The earliest known date of a chapter closing was the first Omicron in 1945 Only one other chapter closing is known with certainty: Lambda in 2000. Beta closed sometime in the 1970s and the second Eta chapter is known to have closed in the 1990s (the first Eta chapter was closed by 1958, but evidence of activity has only been found up to 1949 ). Conflicting evidence either has Zeta closing in 1943 or the 1980s. Gamma also has two possible years: 1961 or 1968.

Based on found documentation, the following chapters were active as late as the year given: Xi in 1945, Iota in 1949, Epsilon in 1951, Kappa in 1956, Sigma in 1968, Omega also in 1968, Psi in 1969, Tau in 1970, Alpha in 1974, and Rho in 1985. Unfortunately, for five chapters, the closing year is unknown due to an almost total lack of documentation. The first Delta chapter was closed by 1950, when the second one was installed. As for the second Delta, Nu, the second Omicron, and Phi, the only chapter records are those of installations (but it is known that none of them were active as of 1990).

In the 1990s, only three active collegiate chapters remained: Theta, Lambda, and the second Eta (the former in Canada; the latter two in Arizona, both of which were co-ed by this time ). Eta closed during that decade and Lambda closed in 2000. Then, the only active collegiate chapter remaining was Theta at the University of British Columbia (UBC). The Phrateres International Board saw little purpose to its own existence and disbanded in 2001. As of 2015, the Theta chapter still exists at UBC in the form of a self-governing AMS (Alma Mater Society, UBC's student society) club.

2009–10: anniversary year
The 2009–10 school year marked two important milestones for the Phrateres organization: the 85th anniversary of the founding of Phrateres at UCLA and the 75th anniversary of the founding of the Theta chapter at UBC. Theta organized a celebration that was held in 2010, which featured a wide range of Phrateres sisters whose ages ranged from over 70 years, to 19.

History project
The Theta Chapter is currently compiling a more thorough history of Phrateres. The chapter is seeking out alumnae members of any chapter who can provide information, including, but not limited to, oral history or memories, yearbooks, manuals, photos, chapter newsletters, student newspaper articles, anything from or about Phrateres International, etc. The basic goal is to compile a complete listing of all the chapters that ever existed, including founding and closing dates, and histories of each individual chapter.

As is apparent above, current historical knowledge is limited. Sources thus far have been Theta Chapter yearbooks and newsletters in the UBC archives, information available on the internet through online search engines, and Theta Chapter alumnae.

4 S's
Phrateres' activities are based on the 4S's: Sisterhood, Sports, Social, and Service. At Theta chapter, sisterhood is encouraged by matching pledges with active members in the Big/Little Sister Program, through nights out and nights in, and through study table sessions. Members often participate in UBC sports events and support the UBC Thunderbirds. Social activities include fraternity exchanges and the annual formals and semi-formals.

Philanthropy
The Theta chapter organizes and participates in various philanthropic events throughout the year. Having no official charity, the club helps a variety of organizations.

Annual events include:


 * Terry Fox Run: each September the chapter organizes a Terry Fox Run on the westside of Vancouver. The current route takes participants through the Pacific Spirit Park. The 2005 Run commemorated the 25th anniversary of the Marathon of Hope. That year, the local run organized by Phrateres raised $26,000.
 * Show of Hearts Telethon: each February the Theta chapter volunteers time to answer phones during the Show of Hearts Telethon. The telethon is a fundraiser for Variety - The Children's Charity.
 * 24 Hour Relay: each June the Theta chapter participates in the 24 Hour Relay. This event is organized by the B.C. Lions Society for Children with Disabilities, a group under the umbrella of Easter Seals.
 * Phrateres Party: during the second term of the school year, the chapter hosts a party, benefiting a different organization each year. It is a costume party.
 * Express Yourself Fashion Shows: In 2013, the Theta chapter began partnering with the Battered Women's Support Services and their social enterprise, My Sister's Closet, and the AMS Sexual Assault Support Centre (SASC) to organize and host two fashion shows to promote and raise money for the educational, advocacy, and legal services of the two organizations.

Membership
All women are encouraged and welcomed to join the organization. Pledgeship involves a year where members get to participate in the organization's events and get to know what the girls and organization are about. Pledges often form strong bonds with their pledge classes and enjoy this period of flexible fun. Pledges will also have the opportunity to take on leadership roles by running to become their Pledge President, and organizing a pledge project together.

Governance
Phrateres International consisted of the board of trustees: Phrateres alumnae living in the Greater Los Angeles area. The board was led by a grand president. It collected fees from each chapter, as well as published a regular newsletter, The Phraterean, with notices from each chapter. The Lura Heeter Award was a scholarship given to one collegiate member each year (began as a memorial award within the Zeta Chapter in 1985).

When the board disbanded in 2001, it gave its remaining funds to the Theta chapter. Monies from the Lura Heeter Award were given to the Zeta Alumnae Chapter.

Chapters
At present, records for 26 collegiate chapters have been found. Twenty-three were in the United States, with Colorado, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Wisconsin, Utah, and Ohio each having one chapter; Arizona having three, Illinois, and Washington each having two; and the remaining nine all in California (three of which were in Los Angeles alone). The remaining four were in Canada, with one in Ontario and three in British Columbia, including Theta, the sole remaining active chapter.

Nomenclature
Chapters were named in the order of the Greek alphabet. No records have been found for Mu, Pi, Upsilon, or Chi chapters, although the fact that three other letters were used twice supports their possible existence.

The two Arizona chapters (Lambda at University of Arizona and Eta at Arizona State University) referred to themselves, respectively, as "Phi Lambda Phrateres" and "Phi Eta Phrateres." The Theta chapter at UBC has records of being called "Phi Theta" but this practice has been discontinued.

Alumnae chapters
The collegiate Theta chapter hosts an annual "Alumnae Tea" each February (celebrating date of installation at UBC). Theta alumnae, some of whom are from the established Theta Alumnae Chapter, are always present. The collegiate Theta chapter is interested in hearing from any other alumnae or alumnae chapters in existence.

Despite the short life of the collegiate Zeta chapter at Carroll College, a strong alumnae chapter grew and is still in existence.

Theta chapter
The only remaining active chapter was often the largest during the heyday of Phrateres. In the mid-1930s, Clare Brown (President of the Women's Undergraduate Society) petitioned Mary Bollert (1880s?-1945) (Dean of Women) to bring Phrateres to UBC. The Theta chapter was installed on February 1, 1935. It was the eighth chapter installed, but the first Canadian chapter.

From installation until the 1970s, membership was large enough to support as many as twelve sub-chapters. Each sub-chapter had its own president and council, with all sub-chapters falling under the control of an executive council comprising the Rho sub-chapter. Each sub-chapter also had a faculty advisor and recruited members separately. This promoted friendly competition between the sub-chapters.

In those earlier decades, students at UBC had to wait until their sophomore year to join fraternities and sororities. Freshman female students were required to join Phrateres if they wanted to join a sorority later. After that first year, members either decided to stay solely in Phrateres, leave Phrateres for a sorority, or maintain membership in both. When the policy changed, and freshmen were allowed to rush, the Theta chapter experienced a dramatic decline in membership (since the 1980s, membership has not exceeded 100). From that point onwards, Phrateres at UBC was no longer seen as an organization to unify all women students, as had been the vision of Dean Laughlin at UCLA in 1924. Sub-chapters eventually ceased and the club presently operates as one unified chapter.

Notable members

 * Irma Schoennauer Cole (Beta), swimmer
 * Joy Coghill (Theta), actress, director, artistic director, theatre producer, teacher, playwright, PAL founder.