Ramalina

Ramalina is a genus of greenish fruticose lichens that grow in the form of flattened, strap-like branches. Members of the genus are commonly called strap lichens or cartilage lichens. Apothecia are lecanorine.

Lichen spot tests on the cortex are K−, C−, KC+ dark yellow, and P−.

It is in the Ramalinaceae and in the suborder Lecanorineae.

Distribution
The genus has a widespread distribution. A 2008 estimate placed more than 240 species in Ramalina.

Species

 * R. ailaoshanensis S.Y.Guo & L.F.Han (2021) – China
 * R. alisiosae Pérez-Vargas & Pérez-Ort. (2013) – Canary Islands
 * R. americana Hale (1979) [1978] – North America
 * R. andina V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. arabum (Dill. ex Ach.) Meyen & Flot. (1843)
 * R. arsenii Sérus., van den Boom & Magain (2021) – Europe
 * R. azorica Aptroot & F.Schumm (2008) – Azores
 * R. australiensis Nyl. (1870)
 * R. baltica Lettau (1912)
 * R. banzarensis C.W.Dodge (1948)
 * R. breviuscula (Nyl.) Nyl. (1872)
 * R. caespitella G.N.Stevens (1986) – Australia
 * R. calcarata Krog & Swinscow (1974) – East Africa
 * R. calicaris (L.) Röhl. (1813)
 * R. canalicularis (Nyl.) Kashiw. (2004)
 * R. canariensis J.Steiner (1904)
 * R. cannonii Elix, Laily & Samsuddin (1991) – Peninsular Malaysia
 * R. capitata (Ach.) Nyl. (1872)
 * R. carminae R.Arroyo & Seriñá (2011)
 * R. celastri (Spreng.) A.Massal. (1861)
 * R. chihuahuana Kashiw. & T.H.Nash (2002) – Mexico
 * R. chiguarensis V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. chondrina J.Steiner (1904)
 * R. cinereovirens Kashiw., K.H.Moon & J.E.Han (2021) – South Korea
 * R. confirmata (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (1930)
 * R. coreana Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2002) – Southeast Asia
 * R. corymbosa (Hue) Kotlov (2004)
 * R. crispata V.Marcano & A. Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. cuspidata (Ach.) Nyl. (1870)
 * R. darwiniana Aptroot & Bungartz (2007) – Galapagos
 * R. dilacerata (Hoffm.) Hoffm. (1825)
 * R. disparata Krog & Swinscow (1976) – Africa
 * R. dissimilis Krog (2000) – Tanzania
 * R. dumeticola Krog & Swinscow (1976) – Africa
 * R. europaea Gasparyan, Sipman & Lücking (2017) – Europe
 * R. exiguella Stirt. (1881)
 * R. exilis Asahina (1939) – Japan
 * R. farinacea (L.) Ach. (1810)
 * R. fastigiata (Pers.) Ach. (1810)
 * R. fecunda Krog & Swinscow (1976) – Africa
 * R. filicaulis G.N.Stevens (1987) – Australia
 * R. fimbriata Krog & Swinscow (1974) – East Africa
 * R. fissa (Müll.Arg.) Vain. (1900)
 * R. fragilis Aptroot & Bungartz (2007) – Galapagos
 * R. fraxinea (L.) Ach. (1810)
 * R. furcellangulida Aptroot (2007) – Galapagos
 * R. gallowayi Kashiw., T.H.Nash & K.H.Moon (2007)
 * R. geniculatella Aptroot (2008) – Saint Helena
 * R. glaucescens Kremp. (1881)
 * R. gloriosensis R.Poncet (2021) – Scattered Islands
 * R. hengduanshanensis S.O.Oh & Li S.Wang (2014)
 * R. hivertiana R.Poncet (2021) – Scattered Islands
 * R. hoehneliana Müll.Arg. (1890)
 * R. hyrcana Sipman (2011)
 * R. inclinata Kashiw., K.H.Moon & M.J.Lai (2006)
 * R. inflata (Hook.f. & Taylor) Hook.f. & Taylor (1845)
 * R. intermedia (Delise ex Nyl.) Nyl. (1873)
 * R. intestiniformis Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2016) – Korea
 * R. ketner-oostrae Aptroot (2008) – Saint Helena
 * R. krogiae Guissard & Sérus. (2020) – Canary Islands
 * R. labiosorediata Gasparyan, Sipman & Lücking (2017) – North America
 * R. lacera (With.) J.R.Laundon (1984)
 * R. leiodea (Nyl.) Nyl. (1888)
 * R. leptocarpha Tuck., 1858
 * R. litorea G.N.Stevens (1986)
 * R. lopezii V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. luciae Molho, Bodo, W.L.Culb. & C.F.Culb. (1981)
 * R. mahoneyi Quedensley & M.Véliz (2011)
 * R. maritima Krog & Swinscow (1976) – Africa
 * R. marteaui R.Poncet (2021) – Scattered Islands
 * R. menziesii Taylor (1847)
 * R. meridionalis Blanchon & Bannister (2002)
 * R. microphylla V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. nervulosa (Müll.Arg.) Abbayes (1952)
 * R. obtusata (Arnold) Bitter (1901)
 * R. osorioi Kashiw., T.H.Nash & K.H.Moon (2007)
 * R. pacifica Asahina (1939) – Japan
 * R. panizzei De Not. (1846)
 * R. peruviana Ach. (1810)
 * R. pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. (1810)
 * R. polyforma Aptroot (2007) – Galapagos
 * R. polymorpha (Lilj.) Ach. (1810)
 * R. portuensis Samp. (1924)
 * R. psoromica Kashiw. & T.H.Nash (2002) – Mexico
 * R. qinlingensis S.Y.Guo & L.F.Han (2021) – China
 * R. quercicola Kashiw. & T.H.Nash (2004)
 * R. reducta Krog & Swinscow (1976) – Africa
 * R. reptans Kashiw., C.W.Sm. & K.H.Moon (2002) – Hawaii
 * R. rigidella Aptroot (2008) – Saint Helena
 * R. ryukyuensis Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2017) – Japan
 * R. sanctae-helenae Aptroot (2008) – Saint Helena
 * R. santanensis V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. sarahae K.Knudsen, Lendemer & Kocouk. (2018) – Channel Islands (California)
 * R. seawardii Aptroot & Sipman (2001) – Hong Kong
 * R. siliquosa (Huds.) A.L.Sm. (1918)
 * R. sphaerophora Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2016) – Korea
 * R. stevensiae Elix, Laily & Samsuddin (1991) – Norfolk Island
 * R. stoffersii Sipman (2011)
 * R. subdecumbens Kashiw., K.H.Moon & J.E.Han (2021) – South Korea
 * R. subfarinacea (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Nyl. (1872)
 * R. subfraxinea Nyl. (1870)
 * R. subrotunda Kashiw., C.W.Sm. & K.H.Moon (2002) – Hawaii
 * R. tapperii Krog & Swinscow (1974) – East Africa
 * R. tenella Müll.Arg. (1879)
 * R. tenuissima V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. throwerae Aptroot & Sipman (2001) – Hong Kong
 * R. tovarensis V.Marcano & A.Morales (1994) – Venezuela
 * R. translucida Krog & Swinscow (1974) – East Africa
 * R. tropica G.N.Stevens (1987) – Australia
 * R. unilateralis F.Wilson (1889)
 * R. usnea (L.) R.Howe (1914)
 * R. whinrayi G.N.Stevens (1986) – Australia
 * R. wirthii Aptroot & Schumm (2008) – Azores
 * R. yokotae Kashiw. & K.H.Moon (2017) – Japan
 * R. zollingeri Szatala (1937)