Second Modi ministry

The Second Narendra Modi ministry was the Council of Ministers headed by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi that was formed after the 2019 general election which was held in seven phases in 2019. The results of the election were announced on 23 May 2019 and this led to the formation of the 17th Lok Sabha. The oath ceremony was arranged in the courtyards of Rashtrapati Bhavan at Raisina Hill. The heads of the states of BIMSTEC countries were invited as guests of honor for this ceremony.

On 7 July 2021, the government went through a ministry expansion with several big names dropped and new faces sworn in. Many current ministers were also given promotion for their good work.

Following the victory of the National Democratic Alliance in the 2024 general election, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the council of ministers tendered their resignation on 5 June 2024. However, they would remain in office on caretaker basis until a new cabinet assumes office.

History
The Second Modi ministry came into existence following the 2019 general election to the 17th Lok Sabha in which the Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance emerged victorious winning 353 of the 543 seats of the Lok Sabha. On 31 May 2019, Narendra Modi was sworn-in as the Prime Minister for the second time by President Ram Nath Kovind along with his council of ministers. The council of ministers which was sworn-in into office on 31 May 2019 consisted of 24 ministers with cabinet rank, 9 ministers of state with independent charge, and 24 ministers of state.

On August 8, 2023, Gaurav Gogoi moved a no-confidence motion against the second Modi ministry in the Lok Sabha. The government defeated the motion.

Reshuffle and changes
Since the formation of the ministry in May 2019, the council of ministers had undergone several major and minor changes under various circumstances.
 * 12 November 2019: Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises Minister Arvind Sawant of Shiv Sena resigned from the cabinet after Shiv Sena's withdrawal from NDA. Prakash Javadekar was assigned the additional charge of his ministry.
 * 18 September 2020: Food Processing Industries Minister Harsimrat Kaur Badal of Shiromani Akali Dal resigned from the cabinet after Akali Dal's withdrawal from NDA in protest against three controversial farm laws. Narendra Singh Tomar was assigned the additional charge of the ministry.
 * 23 September 2020: Minister of State for Railways Suresh Angadi died due to COVID-19 complications.
 * 8 October 2020: Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Minister Ram Vilas Paswan of Lok Janshakti Party died after short illness. Piyush Goyal was assigned the additional charge of his ministry.
 * 6 July 2021: Social Justice and Empowerment Minister Thawar Chand Gehlot appointed as the Governor of Karnataka.
 * 7 July 2021: A major cabinet reshuffle took place prior to which 12 ministers submitted their resignation. 15 ministers with cabinet rank and 27 ministers of state were inducted. Of the 15 cabinet ministers inducted, 7 ministers of state were promoted to cabinet rank.
 * 6 July 2022: Minority Affairs Minister Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi and Steel Minister Ramchandra Prasad Singh submitted their resignations prior to expiration of tenure as Rajya Sabha MPs. Smriti Irani was assigned the additional charge of Minority Affairs ministry while Jyotiraditya Scindia was assigned the charge of Steel ministry.
 * 18 May 2023: Law and Justice Minister Kiren Rijiju was appointed as Minister of Earth Sciences. Arjun Ram Meghwal was appointed as the Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Law and Justice, while S. P. Singh Baghel was appointed as the Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare.
 * 7 December 2023: Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare Minister Narendra Singh Tomar, Jal Shakti and Food Processing Industries Minister of State Prahlad Singh Patel, and Tribal Affairs Minister of State Renuka Singh Saruta resigned from the cabinet following their election to the state legislative assemblies; Tribal Affairs Minister Arjun Munda assigned additional charge of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare ministry. Rajeev Chandrasekhar assigned additional charge as minister of state for Jal Shakti, Shobha Karandlaje as minister of state for Food Processing Industries, and Bharati Pawar as minister of state for Tribal Affairs.
 * 19 March 2024: Food Processing Industries Minister Pashupati Kumar Paras of Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party resigned from the cabinet following seat-sharing disagreement; Earth Sciences Minister Kiren Rijiju assigned additional charge of the ministry.

Cabinet Ministers
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Ministers of State (Independent Charge)
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Ministers of State
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Initiatives
According to Shashi Tharoor, some noteworthy achievements are the rapid construction of infrastructure, including new ports, airports and highways, relying on private contractors; modernisation of the rail network of India; strengthening the social safety net for millions of poor Indians; providing toilets, cooking gas cylinders; cash transfers to farmers and access to electricity and drinking water in rural India; progress in technology diffusion; cheap data plans for android phones, connecting nearly a billion Indians to the Internet; enabling private companies to create commons online; stimulating growth in the startup culture, mainly in the tech domain, and several unicorns; digital money transfer via Unified Payments Interface (direct money transfers  between bank accounts); reducing middlemen by paying social benefits directly to the accounts of beneficiaries and effective Indian diplomacy, all with high approval ratings.