Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences

The Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences (SASS; ) was founded in 1958 and is China's oldest think tank for the humanities and social sciences. It is the country's second largest such institution, after the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) in Beijing. Besides funds from the municipal government of Shanghai, the academy draws financial support from non-governmental sources at home and abroad.

Relationship with the Shanghai State Security Bureau
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has stated that SASS frequently provides cover to intelligence operatives of the Ministry of State Security (MSS)'s Shanghai State Security Bureau. The FBI adds that the MSS "uses SASS employees as spotters and assessors."